Merge branch 'beta' into hebrew-pr

.dependency-cruiser.cjs

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ module.exports = {
     {
       name: "only-type-imports",
       severity: "error",
-      comment: "Files in enums and @types may only use type imports.",
+      comment: "Files in 'enums/' and '@types/' must only use type imports.",
       from: {
         path: ["(^|/)src/@types", "(^|/)src/enums"],
       },
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ module.exports = {
     },
     {
       name: "no-circular-at-runtime",
-      severity: "warn",
+      severity: "error",
       comment:
         "This dependency is part of a circular relationship. You might want to revise " +
         "your solution (i.e. use dependency inversion, make sure the modules have a single responsibility) ",
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ module.exports = {
         "add an exception for it in your dependency-cruiser configuration. By default " +
         "this rule does not scrutinize dot-files (e.g. .eslintrc.js), TypeScript declaration " +
         "files (.d.ts), tsconfig.json and some of the babel and webpack configs.",
-      severity: "warn",
+      severity: "error",
       from: {
         orphan: true,
         pathNot: [
@@ -42,8 +42,7 @@ module.exports = {
           "[.]d[.]ts$", // TypeScript declaration files
           "(^|/)tsconfig[.]json$", // TypeScript config
           "(^|/)(?:babel|webpack)[.]config[.](?:js|cjs|mjs|ts|cts|mts|json)$", // other configs
-          // anything in src/@types
-          "(^|/)src/@types/",
+          "(^|/)test/.+[.]setup[.]ts", // Vitest setup files
         ],
       },
       to: {},
@@ -53,7 +52,7 @@ module.exports = {
       comment:
         "A module depends on a node core module that has been deprecated. Find an alternative - these are " +
         "bound to exist - node doesn't deprecate lightly.",
-      severity: "warn",
+      severity: "error",
       from: {},
       to: {
         dependencyTypes: ["core"],
@@ -86,7 +85,7 @@ module.exports = {
       comment:
         "This module uses a (version of an) npm module that has been deprecated. Either upgrade to a later " +
         "version of that module, or find an alternative. Deprecated modules are a security risk.",
-      severity: "warn",
+      severity: "error",
       from: {},
       to: {
         dependencyTypes: ["deprecated"],
@@ -122,7 +121,7 @@ module.exports = {
         "Likely this module depends on an external ('npm') package that occurs more than once " +
         "in your package.json i.e. bot as a devDependencies and in dependencies. This will cause " +
         "maintenance problems later on.",
-      severity: "warn",
+      severity: "error",
       from: {},
       to: {
         moreThanOneDependencyType: true,
@@ -133,7 +132,7 @@ module.exports = {
       },
     },
 
-    /* rules you might want to tweak for your specific situation: */
+    // rules you might want to tweak for your specific situation:
 
     {
       name: "not-to-spec",
@@ -188,7 +187,7 @@ module.exports = {
         "in your package.json. This makes sense if your package is e.g. a plugin, but in " +
         "other cases - maybe not so much. If the use of a peer dependency is intentional " +
         "add an exception to your dependency-cruiser configuration.",
-      severity: "warn",
+      severity: "error",
       from: {},
       to: {
         dependencyTypes: ["npm-peer"],
@@ -196,6 +195,7 @@ module.exports = {
     },
   ],
   options: {
+    exclude: ["src/plugins/vite/*", "src/vite.env.d.ts"],
     /* Which modules not to follow further when encountered */
     doNotFollow: {
       /* path: an array of regular expressions in strings to match against */
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ module.exports = {
        true: also detect dependencies that only exist before typescript-to-javascript compilation
        "specify": for each dependency identify whether it only exists before compilation or also after
      */
-    // tsPreCompilationDeps: false,
+    tsPreCompilationDeps: true,
 
     /* list of extensions to scan that aren't javascript or compile-to-javascript.
        Empty by default. Only put extensions in here that you want to take into

.github/pull_request_template.md

@@ -2,25 +2,28 @@
 <!-- Feel free to look at other PRs for examples -->
 <!--
 Make sure the title includes categorization (choose the one that best fits):
--       [Bug]: If the PR is primarily a bug fix
--      [Move]: If a move has new or changed functionality
--   [Ability]: If an ability has new or changed functionality
--      [Item]: For new or modified items
--   [Mystery]: For new or modified Mystery Encounters
--      [Test]: If the PR is primarily adding or modifying tests
--     [UI/UX]: If the PR is changing UI/UX elements
--     [Audio]: If the PR is adding or changing music/sfx
--    [Sprite]: If the PR is adding or changing sprites
--   [Balance]: If the PR is related to game balance
-- [Challenge]: If the PR is adding or modifying challenges
+-  [Bug]: If the PR is primarily a bug fix
+-  [Move]: If a move has new or changed functionality
+-  [Ability]: If an ability has new or changed functionality
+-  [Item]: For new or modified items
+-  [Mystery]: For new or modified Mystery Encounters
+-  [Test]: If the PR is primarily adding or modifying tests
+-  [UI/UX]: If the PR is changing UI/UX elements
+-  [Audio]: If the PR is adding or changing music/sfx
+-  [Sprite]: If the PR is adding or changing sprites
+-  [Balance]: If the PR is related to game balance
+-  [Challenge]: If the PR is adding or modifying challenges
 -  [Refactor]: If the PR is primarily rewriting existing code
--      [Docs]: If the PR is just adding or modifying documentation (such as tsdocs/code comments)
--    [GitHub]: For changes to GitHub workflows/templates/etc
--      [Misc]: If no other category fits the PR
+-  [Dev]: If the PR is primarily changing something pertaining to development (lefthook hooks, linter rules, etc.)
+-  [i18n]: If the PR is primarily adding/changing locale keys or key usage (may come with an associated locales PR)
+-  [Docs]: If the PR is adding or modifying documentation (such as tsdocs/code comments)
+-  [GitHub]: For changes to GitHub workflows/templates/etc
+-  [Misc]: If no other category fits the PR
 -->
+
 <!--
 Make sure that this PR is not overlapping with someone else's work
-Please try to keep the PR self-contained (and small)
+Please try to keep the PR self-contained (and small!)
 -->
 
 ## What are the changes the user will see?
@@ -66,7 +69,7 @@ Do the reviewers need to do something special in order to test your changes?
 - [ ] Have I provided a clear explanation of the changes?
 - [ ] Have I tested the changes manually?
 - [ ] Are all unit tests still passing? (`npm run test:silent`)
-  - [ ] Have I created new automated tests (`npm run create-test`) or updated existing tests related to the PR's changes?
+  - [ ] Have I created new automated tests (`npm run test:create`) or updated existing tests related to the PR's changes?
 - [ ] Have I provided screenshots/videos of the changes (if applicable)?
   - [ ] Have I made sure that any UI change works for both UI themes (default and legacy)?
 

.github/workflows/linting.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+name: Linting
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+      - beta
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - main
+      - beta
+  merge_group:
+    types: [checks_requested]
+
+jobs:
+  run-linters:
+    name: Run linters
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Check out Git repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          submodules: 'recursive'
+
+      - name: Set up Node.js
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        with:
+          node-version-file: '.nvmrc'
+          cache: 'npm'
+
+      - name: Install Node.js dependencies
+        run: npm ci
+      
+      - name: Run ESLint
+        run: npm run eslint-ci
+
+      - name: Lint with Biome
+        run: npm run biome-ci
+
+      - name: Check dependencies with depcruise
+        run: npm run depcruise

.github/workflows/quality.yml

@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-name: Biome Code Quality
-
-on:
-  # Trigger the workflow on push or pull request,
-  # but only for the main branch
-  push:
-    branches:
-      - main  # Trigger on push events to the main branch
-      - beta # Trigger on push events to the beta branch
-  pull_request:
-    branches:
-      - main  # Trigger on pull request events targeting the main branch
-      - beta # Trigger on pull request events targeting the beta branch
-  merge_group:
-    types: [checks_requested]
-
-jobs:
-  run-linters:  # Define a job named "run-linters"
-    name: Run linters  # Human-readable name for the job
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest  # Specify the latest Ubuntu runner for the job
-
-    steps:
-      - name: Check out Git repository  # Step to check out the repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4  # Use the checkout action version 4
-        with:
-          submodules: 'recursive'
-
-      - name: Set up Node.js  # Step to set up Node.js environment
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v4  # Use the setup-node action version 4
-        with:
-          node-version-file: '.nvmrc'
-          cache: 'npm'
-
-      - name: Install Node.js dependencies  # Step to install Node.js dependencies
-        run: npm ci  # Use 'npm ci' to install dependencies
-      
-      - name: eslint  # Step to run linters
-        run: npm run eslint-ci
-
-      - name: Lint with Biome  # Step to run linters
-        run: npm run biome-ci

biome.jsonc

@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@
       ".vscode/*",
       "*.css", // TODO?
       "*.html", // TODO?
-      "src/overrides.ts",
       // TODO: these files are too big and complex, ignore them until their respective refactors
       "src/data/moves/move.ts",
 
@@ -47,8 +46,8 @@
       "correctness": {
         "noUndeclaredVariables": "off",
         "noUnusedVariables": "error",
-        "noSwitchDeclarations": "warn", // TODO: refactor and make this an error
-        "noVoidTypeReturn": "warn", // TODO: Refactor and make this an error
+        "noSwitchDeclarations": "error",
+        "noVoidTypeReturn": "error",
         "noUnusedImports": "error"
       },
       "style": {
@@ -85,7 +84,7 @@
         "useLiteralKeys": "off",
         "noForEach": "off", // Foreach vs for of is not that simple.
         "noUselessSwitchCase": "off", // Explicit > Implicit
-        "noUselessConstructor": "warn", // TODO: Refactor and make this an error
+        "noUselessConstructor": "error",
         "noBannedTypes": "warn" // TODO: Refactor and make this an error
       },
       "nursery": {
@@ -120,6 +119,28 @@
           }
         }
       }
+    },
+
+    // Overrides to prevent unused import removal inside `overrides.ts` and enums files (for TSDoc linkcodes)
+    {
+      "include": ["src/overrides.ts", "src/enums/*"],
+      "linter": {
+        "rules": {
+          "correctness": {
+            "noUnusedImports": "off"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "include": ["src/overrides.ts"],
+      "linter": {
+        "rules": {
+          "style": {
+            "useImportType": "off"
+          }
+        }
+      }
     }
   ]
 }

package.json

@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@
     "eslint": "eslint --fix .",
     "eslint-ci": "eslint .",
     "biome": "biome check --write --changed --no-errors-on-unmatched",
-    "biome-ci": "biome ci --diagnostic-level=error --reporter=github --changed --no-errors-on-unmatched",
+    "biome-ci": "biome ci --diagnostic-level=error --reporter=github --no-errors-on-unmatched",
     "docs": "typedoc",
-    "depcruise": "depcruise src",
+    "depcruise": "depcruise src test",
     "depcruise:graph": "depcruise src --output-type dot | node dependency-graph.js > dependency-graph.svg",
     "postinstall": "npx lefthook install && npx lefthook run post-merge",
     "update-version:patch": "npm version patch --force --no-git-tag-version",

src/@types/ability-types.ts

@@ -1,11 +1,27 @@
-import type { AbAttr } from "#app/data/abilities/ab-attrs/ab-attr";
+import type { AbAttr } from "#app/data/abilities/ability";
 import type Move from "#app/data/moves/move";
 import type Pokemon from "#app/field/pokemon";
 import type { BattleStat } from "#enums/stat";
+import type { AbAttrConstructorMap } from "#app/data/abilities/ability";
 
-export type AbAttrApplyFunc<TAttr extends AbAttr> = (attr: TAttr, passive: boolean) => void;
-export type AbAttrSuccessFunc<TAttr extends AbAttr> = (attr: TAttr, passive: boolean) => boolean;
+// Intentionally re-export all types from the ability attributes module
+export type * from "#app/data/abilities/ability";
+
+export type AbAttrApplyFunc<TAttr extends AbAttr> = (attr: TAttr, passive: boolean, ...args: any[]) => void;
+export type AbAttrSuccessFunc<TAttr extends AbAttr> = (attr: TAttr, passive: boolean, ...args: any[]) => boolean;
 export type AbAttrCondition = (pokemon: Pokemon) => boolean;
 export type PokemonAttackCondition = (user: Pokemon | null, target: Pokemon | null, move: Move) => boolean;
 export type PokemonDefendCondition = (target: Pokemon, user: Pokemon, move: Move) => boolean;
 export type PokemonStatStageChangeCondition = (target: Pokemon, statsChanged: BattleStat[], stages: number) => boolean;
+
+/**
+ * Union type of all ability attribute class names as strings
+ */
+export type AbAttrString = keyof AbAttrConstructorMap;
+
+/**
+ * Map of ability attribute class names to an instance of the class.
+ */
+export type AbAttrMap = {
+  [K in keyof AbAttrConstructorMap]: InstanceType<AbAttrConstructorMap[K]>;
+};

src/@types/modifier-types.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/**
+ * Re-exports of all the types defined in the modifier module.
+ */
+
+import type Pokemon from "#app/field/pokemon";
+import type { ModifierConstructorMap } from "#app/modifier/modifier";
+import type { ModifierType, WeightedModifierType } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+export type ModifierTypeFunc = () => ModifierType;
+export type WeightedModifierTypeWeightFunc = (party: Pokemon[], rerollCount?: number) => number;
+
+export type { ModifierConstructorMap } from "#app/modifier/modifier";
+
+/**
+ * Map of modifier names to their respective instance types
+ */
+export type ModifierInstanceMap = {
+  [K in keyof ModifierConstructorMap]: InstanceType<ModifierConstructorMap[K]>;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Union type of all modifier constructors.
+ */
+export type ModifierClass = ModifierConstructorMap[keyof ModifierConstructorMap];
+
+/**
+ * Union type of all modifier names as strings.
+ */
+export type ModifierString = keyof ModifierConstructorMap;
+
+export type ModifierPool = {
+  [tier: string]: WeightedModifierType[];
+};

src/battle-scene.ts

@@ -58,23 +58,15 @@ import {
   getEnemyModifierTypesForWave,
   getLuckString,
   getLuckTextTint,
-  getModifierPoolForType,
-  getModifierType,
   getPartyLuckValue,
-  ModifierPoolType,
-  modifierTypes,
   PokemonHeldItemModifierType,
 } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { getModifierType } from "./utils/modifier-utils";
+import { modifierTypes } from "./data/data-lists";
+import { getModifierPoolForType } from "./utils/modifier-utils";
+import { ModifierPoolType } from "#enums/modifier-pool-type";
 import AbilityBar from "#app/ui/ability-bar";
-import {
-  applyAbAttrs,
-  applyPostBattleInitAbAttrs,
-  applyPostItemLostAbAttrs,
-  BlockItemTheftAbAttr,
-  DoubleBattleChanceAbAttr,
-  PostBattleInitAbAttr,
-  PostItemLostAbAttr,
-} from "#app/data/abilities/ability";
+import { applyAbAttrs, applyPostBattleInitAbAttrs, applyPostItemLostAbAttrs } from "./data/abilities/apply-ab-attrs";
 import { allAbilities } from "./data/data-lists";
 import type { FixedBattleConfig } from "#app/battle";
 import Battle from "#app/battle";
@@ -145,14 +137,13 @@ import { LoadingScene } from "#app/loading-scene";
 import type { MovePhase } from "#app/phases/move-phase";
 import { ShopCursorTarget } from "#app/enums/shop-cursor-target";
 import MysteryEncounter from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/mystery-encounter";
+import { allMysteryEncounters, mysteryEncountersByBiome } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/mystery-encounters";
 import {
-  allMysteryEncounters,
   ANTI_VARIANCE_WEIGHT_MODIFIER,
   AVERAGE_ENCOUNTERS_PER_RUN_TARGET,
   BASE_MYSTERY_ENCOUNTER_SPAWN_WEIGHT,
   MYSTERY_ENCOUNTER_SPAWN_MAX_WEIGHT,
-  mysteryEncountersByBiome,
-} from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/mystery-encounters";
+} from "./constants";
 import { MysteryEncounterSaveData } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/mystery-encounter-save-data";
 import { MysteryEncounterType } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-type";
 import { MysteryEncounterTier } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-tier";
@@ -1264,7 +1255,7 @@ export default class BattleScene extends SceneBase {
     const doubleChance = new NumberHolder(newWaveIndex % 10 === 0 ? 32 : 8);
     this.applyModifiers(DoubleBattleChanceBoosterModifier, true, doubleChance);
     for (const p of playerField) {
-      applyAbAttrs(DoubleBattleChanceAbAttr, p, null, false, doubleChance);
+      applyAbAttrs("DoubleBattleChanceAbAttr", p, null, false, doubleChance);
     }
     return Math.max(doubleChance.value, 1);
   }
@@ -1469,7 +1460,7 @@ export default class BattleScene extends SceneBase {
         for (const pokemon of this.getPlayerParty()) {
           pokemon.resetBattleAndWaveData();
           pokemon.resetTera();
-          applyPostBattleInitAbAttrs(PostBattleInitAbAttr, pokemon);
+          applyPostBattleInitAbAttrs("PostBattleInitAbAttr", pokemon);
           if (
             pokemon.hasSpecies(SpeciesId.TERAPAGOS) ||
             (this.gameMode.isClassic && this.currentBattle.waveIndex > 180 && this.currentBattle.waveIndex <= 190)
@@ -1644,6 +1635,9 @@ export default class BattleScene extends SceneBase {
       case SpeciesId.TATSUGIRI:
       case SpeciesId.PALDEA_TAUROS:
         return randSeedInt(species.forms.length);
+      case SpeciesId.MAUSHOLD:
+      case SpeciesId.DUDUNSPARCE:
+        return !randSeedInt(4) ? 1 : 0;
       case SpeciesId.PIKACHU:
         if (this.currentBattle?.battleType === BattleType.TRAINER && this.currentBattle?.waveIndex < 30) {
           return 0; // Ban Cosplay and Partner Pika from Trainers before wave 30
@@ -2745,7 +2739,7 @@ export default class BattleScene extends SceneBase {
     const cancelled = new BooleanHolder(false);
 
     if (source && source.isPlayer() !== target.isPlayer()) {
-      applyAbAttrs(BlockItemTheftAbAttr, source, cancelled);
+      applyAbAttrs("BlockItemTheftAbAttr", source, cancelled);
     }
 
     if (cancelled.value) {
@@ -2785,13 +2779,13 @@ export default class BattleScene extends SceneBase {
           if (target.isPlayer()) {
             this.addModifier(newItemModifier, ignoreUpdate, playSound, false, instant);
             if (source && itemLost) {
-              applyPostItemLostAbAttrs(PostItemLostAbAttr, source, false);
+              applyPostItemLostAbAttrs("PostItemLostAbAttr", source, false);
             }
             return true;
           }
           this.addEnemyModifier(newItemModifier, ignoreUpdate, instant);
           if (source && itemLost) {
-            applyPostItemLostAbAttrs(PostItemLostAbAttr, source, false);
+            applyPostItemLostAbAttrs("PostItemLostAbAttr", source, false);
           }
           return true;
         }
@@ -2814,7 +2808,7 @@ export default class BattleScene extends SceneBase {
     const cancelled = new BooleanHolder(false);
 
     if (source && source.isPlayer() !== target.isPlayer()) {
-      applyAbAttrs(BlockItemTheftAbAttr, source, cancelled);
+      applyAbAttrs("BlockItemTheftAbAttr", source, cancelled);
     }
 
     if (cancelled.value) {

src/battle.ts

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import {
 import Trainer from "./field/trainer";
 import { TrainerVariant } from "#enums/trainer-variant";
 import type { GameMode } from "./game-mode";
-import { MoneyMultiplierModifier, PokemonHeldItemModifier } from "./modifier/modifier";
+import { MoneyMultiplierModifier, type PokemonHeldItemModifier } from "./modifier/modifier";
 import type { PokeballType } from "#enums/pokeball";
 import { trainerConfigs } from "#app/data/trainers/trainer-config";
 import { SpeciesFormKey } from "#enums/species-form-key";
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ import i18next from "#app/plugins/i18n";
 import type MysteryEncounter from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/mystery-encounter";
 import { MysteryEncounterMode } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-mode";
 import type { CustomModifierSettings } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
-import { ModifierTier } from "#app/modifier/modifier-tier";
+import { ModifierTier } from "#enums/modifier-tier";
 import type { MysteryEncounterType } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-type";
 import { BattleType } from "#enums/battle-type";
 import { ClassicFixedBossWaves } from "#enums/fixed-boss-waves";
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ export default class Battle {
     this.postBattleLoot.push(
       ...globalScene
         .findModifiers(
-          m => m instanceof PokemonHeldItemModifier && m.pokemonId === enemyPokemon.id && m.isTransferable,
+          m => m.is("PokemonHeldItemModifier") && m.pokemonId === enemyPokemon.id && m.isTransferable,
           false,
         )
         .map(i => {

src/constants.ts

@@ -54,3 +54,43 @@ export const defaultStarterSpecies: SpeciesId[] = [
 ];
 
 export const saveKey = "x0i2O7WRiANTqPmZ"; // Temporary; secure encryption is not yet necessary
+
+/**
+ * Spawn chance: (BASE_MYSTERY_ENCOUNTER_SPAWN_WEIGHT + WIGHT_INCREMENT_ON_SPAWN_MISS * <number of missed spawns>) / MYSTERY_ENCOUNTER_SPAWN_MAX_WEIGHT
+ */
+export const BASE_MYSTERY_ENCOUNTER_SPAWN_WEIGHT = 3;
+
+/**
+ * The divisor for determining ME spawns, defines the "maximum" weight required for a spawn
+ * If spawn_weight === MYSTERY_ENCOUNTER_SPAWN_MAX_WEIGHT, 100% chance to spawn a ME
+ */
+export const MYSTERY_ENCOUNTER_SPAWN_MAX_WEIGHT = 256;
+
+/**
+ * When an ME spawn roll fails, WEIGHT_INCREMENT_ON_SPAWN_MISS is added to future rolls for ME spawn checks.
+ * These values are cleared whenever the next ME spawns, and spawn weight returns to BASE_MYSTERY_ENCOUNTER_SPAWN_WEIGHT
+ */
+export const WEIGHT_INCREMENT_ON_SPAWN_MISS = 3;
+
+/**
+ * Specifies the target average for total ME spawns in a single Classic run.
+ * Used by anti-variance mechanic to check whether a run is above or below the target on a given wave.
+ */
+export const AVERAGE_ENCOUNTERS_PER_RUN_TARGET = 12;
+
+/**
+ * Will increase/decrease the chance of spawning a ME based on the current run's total MEs encountered vs AVERAGE_ENCOUNTERS_PER_RUN_TARGET
+ * Example:
+ * AVERAGE_ENCOUNTERS_PER_RUN_TARGET = 17 (expects avg 1 ME every 10 floors)
+ * ANTI_VARIANCE_WEIGHT_MODIFIER = 15
+ *
+ * On wave 20, if 1 ME has been encountered, the difference from expected average is 0 MEs.
+ * So anti-variance adds 0/256 to the spawn weight check for ME spawn.
+ *
+ * On wave 20, if 0 MEs have been encountered, the difference from expected average is 1 ME.
+ * So anti-variance adds 15/256 to the spawn weight check for ME spawn.
+ *
+ * On wave 20, if 2 MEs have been encountered, the difference from expected average is -1 ME.
+ * So anti-variance adds -15/256 to the spawn weight check for ME spawn.
+ */
+export const ANTI_VARIANCE_WEIGHT_MODIFIER = 15;

src/data/abilities/ab-attrs/ab-attr.ts

@@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
-import type { AbAttrCondition } from "#app/@types/ability-types";
-import type Pokemon from "#app/field/pokemon";
-import type { BooleanHolder } from "#app/utils/common";
-
-export abstract class AbAttr {
-  public showAbility: boolean;
-  private extraCondition: AbAttrCondition;
-
-  /**
-   * @param showAbility - Whether to show this ability as a flyout during battle; default `true`.
-   * Should be kept in parity with mainline where possible.
-   */
-  constructor(showAbility = true) {
-    this.showAbility = showAbility;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Applies ability effects without checking conditions
-   * @param _pokemon - The pokemon to apply this ability to
-   * @param _passive - Whether or not the ability is a passive
-   * @param _simulated - Whether the call is simulated
-   * @param _args - Extra args passed to the function. Handled by child classes.
-   * @see {@linkcode canApply}
-   */
-  apply(
-    _pokemon: Pokemon,
-    _passive: boolean,
-    _simulated: boolean,
-    _cancelled: BooleanHolder | null,
-    _args: any[],
-  ): void {}
-
-  getTriggerMessage(_pokemon: Pokemon, _abilityName: string, ..._args: any[]): string | null {
-    return null;
-  }
-
-  getCondition(): AbAttrCondition | null {
-    return this.extraCondition || null;
-  }
-
-  addCondition(condition: AbAttrCondition): AbAttr {
-    this.extraCondition = condition;
-    return this;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Returns a boolean describing whether the ability can be applied under current conditions
-   * @param _pokemon - The pokemon to apply this ability to
-   * @param _passive - Whether or not the ability is a passive
-   * @param _simulated - Whether the call is simulated
-   * @param _args - Extra args passed to the function. Handled by child classes.
-   * @returns `true` if the ability can be applied, `false` otherwise
-   * @see {@linkcode apply}
-   */
-  canApply(_pokemon: Pokemon, _passive: boolean, _simulated: boolean, _args: any[]): boolean {
-    return true;
-  }
-}

src/data/abilities/ability-class.ts

@@ -1,137 +0,0 @@
-import { AbilityId } from "#enums/ability-id";
-import type { AbAttrCondition } from "#app/@types/ability-types";
-import type { AbAttr } from "#app/data/abilities/ab-attrs/ab-attr";
-import i18next from "i18next";
-import type { Localizable } from "#app/@types/locales";
-import type { Constructor } from "#app/utils/common";
-
-export class Ability implements Localizable {
-  public id: AbilityId;
-
-  private nameAppend: string;
-  public name: string;
-  public description: string;
-  public generation: number;
-  public isBypassFaint: boolean;
-  public isIgnorable: boolean;
-  public isSuppressable = true;
-  public isCopiable = true;
-  public isReplaceable = true;
-  public attrs: AbAttr[];
-  public conditions: AbAttrCondition[];
-
-  constructor(id: AbilityId, generation: number) {
-    this.id = id;
-
-    this.nameAppend = "";
-    this.generation = generation;
-    this.attrs = [];
-    this.conditions = [];
-
-    this.isSuppressable = true;
-    this.isCopiable = true;
-    this.isReplaceable = true;
-
-    this.localize();
-  }
-
-  public get isSwappable(): boolean {
-    return this.isCopiable && this.isReplaceable;
-  }
-  localize(): void {
-    const i18nKey = AbilityId[this.id]
-      .split("_")
-      .filter(f => f)
-      .map((f, i) => (i ? `${f[0]}${f.slice(1).toLowerCase()}` : f.toLowerCase()))
-      .join("") as string;
-
-    this.name = this.id ? `${i18next.t(`ability:${i18nKey}.name`) as string}${this.nameAppend}` : "";
-    this.description = this.id ? (i18next.t(`ability:${i18nKey}.description`) as string) : "";
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Get all ability attributes that match `attrType`
-   * @param attrType any attribute that extends {@linkcode AbAttr}
-   * @returns Array of attributes that match `attrType`, Empty Array if none match.
-   */
-  getAttrs<T extends AbAttr>(attrType: Constructor<T>): T[] {
-    return this.attrs.filter((a): a is T => a instanceof attrType);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Check if an ability has an attribute that matches `attrType`
-   * @param attrType any attribute that extends {@linkcode AbAttr}
-   * @returns true if the ability has attribute `attrType`
-   */
-  hasAttr<T extends AbAttr>(attrType: Constructor<T>): boolean {
-    return this.attrs.some(attr => attr instanceof attrType);
-  }
-
-  attr<T extends Constructor<AbAttr>>(AttrType: T, ...args: ConstructorParameters<T>): Ability {
-    const attr = new AttrType(...args);
-    this.attrs.push(attr);
-
-    return this;
-  }
-
-  conditionalAttr<T extends Constructor<AbAttr>>(
-    condition: AbAttrCondition,
-    AttrType: T,
-    ...args: ConstructorParameters<T>
-  ): Ability {
-    const attr = new AttrType(...args);
-    attr.addCondition(condition);
-    this.attrs.push(attr);
-
-    return this;
-  }
-
-  bypassFaint(): Ability {
-    this.isBypassFaint = true;
-    return this;
-  }
-
-  ignorable(): Ability {
-    this.isIgnorable = true;
-    return this;
-  }
-
-  unsuppressable(): Ability {
-    this.isSuppressable = false;
-    return this;
-  }
-
-  uncopiable(): Ability {
-    this.isCopiable = false;
-    return this;
-  }
-
-  unreplaceable(): Ability {
-    this.isReplaceable = false;
-    return this;
-  }
-
-  condition(condition: AbAttrCondition): Ability {
-    this.conditions.push(condition);
-
-    return this;
-  }
-
-  partial(): this {
-    this.nameAppend += " (P)";
-    return this;
-  }
-
-  unimplemented(): this {
-    this.nameAppend += " (N)";
-    return this;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Internal flag used for developers to document edge cases. When using this, please be sure to document the edge case.
-   * @returns the ability
-   */
-  edgeCase(): this {
-    return this;
-  }
-}

src/data/abilities/apply-ab-attrs.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,832 @@
+import type { AbAttrApplyFunc, AbAttrMap, AbAttrString, AbAttrSuccessFunc } from "#app/@types/ability-types";
+import type Pokemon from "#app/field/pokemon";
+import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
+import type { BooleanHolder, NumberHolder } from "#app/utils/common";
+import type { BattlerIndex } from "#enums/battler-index";
+import type { HitResult } from "#enums/hit-result";
+import type { BattleStat, Stat } from "#enums/stat";
+import type { StatusEffect } from "#enums/status-effect";
+import type { WeatherType } from "#enums/weather-type";
+import type { BattlerTag } from "../battler-tags";
+import type Move from "../moves/move";
+import type { PokemonMove } from "../moves/pokemon-move";
+import type { TerrainType } from "../terrain";
+import type { Weather } from "../weather";
+import type {
+  PostBattleInitAbAttr,
+  PreDefendAbAttr,
+  PostDefendAbAttr,
+  PostMoveUsedAbAttr,
+  StatMultiplierAbAttr,
+  AllyStatMultiplierAbAttr,
+  PostSetStatusAbAttr,
+  PostDamageAbAttr,
+  FieldMultiplyStatAbAttr,
+  PreAttackAbAttr,
+  ExecutedMoveAbAttr,
+  PostAttackAbAttr,
+  PostKnockOutAbAttr,
+  PostVictoryAbAttr,
+  PostSummonAbAttr,
+  PreSummonAbAttr,
+  PreSwitchOutAbAttr,
+  PreLeaveFieldAbAttr,
+  PreStatStageChangeAbAttr,
+  PostStatStageChangeAbAttr,
+  PreSetStatusAbAttr,
+  PreApplyBattlerTagAbAttr,
+  PreWeatherEffectAbAttr,
+  PreWeatherDamageAbAttr,
+  PostTurnAbAttr,
+  PostWeatherChangeAbAttr,
+  PostWeatherLapseAbAttr,
+  PostTerrainChangeAbAttr,
+  CheckTrappedAbAttr,
+  PostBattleAbAttr,
+  PostFaintAbAttr,
+  PostItemLostAbAttr,
+} from "./ability";
+
+function applySingleAbAttrs<T extends AbAttrString>(
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  passive: boolean,
+  attrType: T,
+  applyFunc: AbAttrApplyFunc<AbAttrMap[T]>,
+  successFunc: AbAttrSuccessFunc<AbAttrMap[T]>,
+  args: any[],
+  gainedMidTurn = false,
+  simulated = false,
+  messages: string[] = [],
+) {
+  if (!pokemon?.canApplyAbility(passive) || (passive && pokemon.getPassiveAbility().id === pokemon.getAbility().id)) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  const ability = passive ? pokemon.getPassiveAbility() : pokemon.getAbility();
+  if (
+    gainedMidTurn &&
+    ability.getAttrs(attrType).some(attr => {
+      attr.is("PostSummonAbAttr") && !attr.shouldActivateOnGain();
+    })
+  ) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  for (const attr of ability.getAttrs(attrType)) {
+    const condition = attr.getCondition();
+    let abShown = false;
+    if ((condition && !condition(pokemon)) || !successFunc(attr, passive)) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    globalScene.phaseManager.setPhaseQueueSplice();
+
+    if (attr.showAbility && !simulated) {
+      globalScene.phaseManager.queueAbilityDisplay(pokemon, passive, true);
+      abShown = true;
+    }
+    const message = attr.getTriggerMessage(pokemon, ability.name, args);
+    if (message) {
+      if (!simulated) {
+        globalScene.phaseManager.queueMessage(message);
+      }
+      messages.push(message);
+    }
+
+    applyFunc(attr, passive);
+
+    if (abShown) {
+      globalScene.phaseManager.queueAbilityDisplay(pokemon, passive, false);
+    }
+
+    if (!simulated) {
+      pokemon.waveData.abilitiesApplied.add(ability.id);
+    }
+
+    globalScene.phaseManager.clearPhaseQueueSplice();
+  }
+}
+
+function applyAbAttrsInternal<T extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: T,
+  pokemon: Pokemon | null,
+  applyFunc: AbAttrApplyFunc<AbAttrMap[T]>,
+  successFunc: AbAttrSuccessFunc<AbAttrMap[T]>,
+  args: any[],
+  simulated = false,
+  messages: string[] = [],
+  gainedMidTurn = false,
+) {
+  for (const passive of [false, true]) {
+    if (pokemon) {
+      applySingleAbAttrs(pokemon, passive, attrType, applyFunc, successFunc, args, gainedMidTurn, simulated, messages);
+      globalScene.phaseManager.clearPhaseQueueSplice();
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+export function applyAbAttrs<T extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: T,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  cancelled: BooleanHolder | null,
+  simulated = false,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal<T>(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    // @ts-expect-error: TODO: fix the error on `cancelled`
+    (attr, passive) => attr.apply(pokemon, passive, simulated, cancelled, args),
+    (attr, passive) => attr.canApply(pokemon, passive, simulated, args),
+    args,
+    simulated,
+  );
+}
+
+// TODO: Improve the type signatures of the following methods / refactor the apply methods
+
+export function applyPostBattleInitAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends PostBattleInitAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  simulated = false,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    (attr, passive) => (attr as PostBattleInitAbAttr).applyPostBattleInit(pokemon, passive, simulated, args),
+    (attr, passive) => (attr as PostBattleInitAbAttr).canApplyPostBattleInit(pokemon, passive, simulated, args),
+    args,
+    simulated,
+  );
+}
+
+export function applyPreDefendAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends PreDefendAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  attacker: Pokemon,
+  move: Move | null,
+  cancelled: BooleanHolder | null,
+  simulated = false,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as PreDefendAbAttr).applyPreDefend(pokemon, passive, simulated, attacker, move, cancelled, args),
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as PreDefendAbAttr).canApplyPreDefend(pokemon, passive, simulated, attacker, move, cancelled, args),
+    args,
+    simulated,
+  );
+}
+
+export function applyPostDefendAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends PostDefendAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  attacker: Pokemon,
+  move: Move,
+  hitResult: HitResult | null,
+  simulated = false,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as PostDefendAbAttr).applyPostDefend(pokemon, passive, simulated, attacker, move, hitResult, args),
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as PostDefendAbAttr).canApplyPostDefend(pokemon, passive, simulated, attacker, move, hitResult, args),
+    args,
+    simulated,
+  );
+}
+
+export function applyPostMoveUsedAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends PostMoveUsedAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  move: PokemonMove,
+  source: Pokemon,
+  targets: BattlerIndex[],
+  simulated = false,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    (attr, _passive) => (attr as PostMoveUsedAbAttr).applyPostMoveUsed(pokemon, move, source, targets, simulated, args),
+    (attr, _passive) =>
+      (attr as PostMoveUsedAbAttr).canApplyPostMoveUsed(pokemon, move, source, targets, simulated, args),
+    args,
+    simulated,
+  );
+}
+
+export function applyStatMultiplierAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends StatMultiplierAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  stat: BattleStat,
+  statValue: NumberHolder,
+  simulated = false,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as StatMultiplierAbAttr).applyStatStage(pokemon, passive, simulated, stat, statValue, args),
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as StatMultiplierAbAttr).canApplyStatStage(pokemon, passive, simulated, stat, statValue, args),
+    args,
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Applies an ally's Stat multiplier attribute
+ * @param attrType - {@linkcode AllyStatMultiplierAbAttr} should always be AllyStatMultiplierAbAttr for the time being
+ * @param pokemon - The {@linkcode Pokemon} with the ability
+ * @param stat - The type of the checked {@linkcode Stat}
+ * @param statValue - {@linkcode NumberHolder} containing the value of the checked stat
+ * @param checkedPokemon - The {@linkcode Pokemon} with the checked stat
+ * @param ignoreAbility - Whether or not the ability should be ignored by the pokemon or its move.
+ * @param args - unused
+ */
+export function applyAllyStatMultiplierAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends AllyStatMultiplierAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  stat: BattleStat,
+  statValue: NumberHolder,
+  simulated = false,
+  checkedPokemon: Pokemon,
+  ignoreAbility: boolean,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as AllyStatMultiplierAbAttr).applyAllyStat(
+        pokemon,
+        passive,
+        simulated,
+        stat,
+        statValue,
+        checkedPokemon,
+        ignoreAbility,
+        args,
+      ),
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as AllyStatMultiplierAbAttr).canApplyAllyStat(
+        pokemon,
+        passive,
+        simulated,
+        stat,
+        statValue,
+        checkedPokemon,
+        ignoreAbility,
+        args,
+      ),
+    args,
+    simulated,
+  );
+}
+
+export function applyPostSetStatusAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends PostSetStatusAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  effect: StatusEffect,
+  sourcePokemon?: Pokemon | null,
+  simulated = false,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as PostSetStatusAbAttr).applyPostSetStatus(pokemon, sourcePokemon, passive, effect, simulated, args),
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as PostSetStatusAbAttr).canApplyPostSetStatus(pokemon, sourcePokemon, passive, effect, simulated, args),
+    args,
+    simulated,
+  );
+}
+
+export function applyPostDamageAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends PostDamageAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  damage: number,
+  _passive: boolean,
+  simulated = false,
+  args: any[],
+  source?: Pokemon,
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    (attr, passive) => (attr as PostDamageAbAttr).applyPostDamage(pokemon, damage, passive, simulated, args, source),
+    (attr, passive) => (attr as PostDamageAbAttr).canApplyPostDamage(pokemon, damage, passive, simulated, args, source),
+    args,
+  );
+}
+/**
+ * Applies a field Stat multiplier attribute
+ * @param attrType {@linkcode FieldMultiplyStatAbAttr} should always be FieldMultiplyBattleStatAbAttr for the time being
+ * @param pokemon {@linkcode Pokemon} the Pokemon applying this ability
+ * @param stat {@linkcode Stat} the type of the checked stat
+ * @param statValue {@linkcode NumberHolder} the value of the checked stat
+ * @param checkedPokemon {@linkcode Pokemon} the Pokemon with the checked stat
+ * @param hasApplied {@linkcode BooleanHolder} whether or not a FieldMultiplyBattleStatAbAttr has already affected this stat
+ * @param args unused
+ */
+
+export function applyFieldStatMultiplierAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends FieldMultiplyStatAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  stat: Stat,
+  statValue: NumberHolder,
+  checkedPokemon: Pokemon,
+  hasApplied: BooleanHolder,
+  simulated = false,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as FieldMultiplyStatAbAttr).applyFieldStat(
+        pokemon,
+        passive,
+        simulated,
+        stat,
+        statValue,
+        checkedPokemon,
+        hasApplied,
+        args,
+      ),
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as FieldMultiplyStatAbAttr).canApplyFieldStat(
+        pokemon,
+        passive,
+        simulated,
+        stat,
+        statValue,
+        checkedPokemon,
+        hasApplied,
+        args,
+      ),
+    args,
+  );
+}
+
+export function applyPreAttackAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends PreAttackAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  defender: Pokemon | null,
+  move: Move,
+  simulated = false,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    (attr, passive) => (attr as PreAttackAbAttr).applyPreAttack(pokemon, passive, simulated, defender, move, args),
+    (attr, passive) => (attr as PreAttackAbAttr).canApplyPreAttack(pokemon, passive, simulated, defender, move, args),
+    args,
+    simulated,
+  );
+}
+
+export function applyExecutedMoveAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends ExecutedMoveAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  simulated = false,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    attr => (attr as ExecutedMoveAbAttr).applyExecutedMove(pokemon, simulated),
+    attr => (attr as ExecutedMoveAbAttr).canApplyExecutedMove(pokemon, simulated),
+    args,
+    simulated,
+  );
+}
+
+export function applyPostAttackAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends PostAttackAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  defender: Pokemon,
+  move: Move,
+  hitResult: HitResult | null,
+  simulated = false,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as PostAttackAbAttr).applyPostAttack(pokemon, passive, simulated, defender, move, hitResult, args),
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as PostAttackAbAttr).canApplyPostAttack(pokemon, passive, simulated, defender, move, hitResult, args),
+    args,
+    simulated,
+  );
+}
+
+export function applyPostKnockOutAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends PostKnockOutAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  knockedOut: Pokemon,
+  simulated = false,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    (attr, passive) => (attr as PostKnockOutAbAttr).applyPostKnockOut(pokemon, passive, simulated, knockedOut, args),
+    (attr, passive) => (attr as PostKnockOutAbAttr).canApplyPostKnockOut(pokemon, passive, simulated, knockedOut, args),
+    args,
+    simulated,
+  );
+}
+
+export function applyPostVictoryAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends PostVictoryAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  simulated = false,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    (attr, passive) => (attr as PostVictoryAbAttr).applyPostVictory(pokemon, passive, simulated, args),
+    (attr, passive) => (attr as PostVictoryAbAttr).canApplyPostVictory(pokemon, passive, simulated, args),
+    args,
+    simulated,
+  );
+}
+
+export function applyPostSummonAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends PostSummonAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  passive = false,
+  simulated = false,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applySingleAbAttrs(
+    pokemon,
+    passive,
+    attrType,
+    (attr, passive) => (attr as PostSummonAbAttr).applyPostSummon(pokemon, passive, simulated, args),
+    (attr, passive) => (attr as PostSummonAbAttr).canApplyPostSummon(pokemon, passive, simulated, args),
+    args,
+    false,
+    simulated,
+  );
+}
+
+export function applyPreSummonAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends PreSummonAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    (attr, passive) => (attr as PreSummonAbAttr).applyPreSummon(pokemon, passive, args),
+    (attr, passive) => (attr as PreSummonAbAttr).canApplyPreSummon(pokemon, passive, args),
+    args,
+  );
+}
+
+export function applyPreSwitchOutAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends PreSwitchOutAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  simulated = false,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    (attr, passive) => (attr as PreSwitchOutAbAttr).applyPreSwitchOut(pokemon, passive, simulated, args),
+    (attr, passive) => (attr as PreSwitchOutAbAttr).canApplyPreSwitchOut(pokemon, passive, simulated, args),
+    args,
+    simulated,
+  );
+}
+
+export function applyPreLeaveFieldAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends PreLeaveFieldAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  simulated = false,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    (attr, passive) => (attr as PreLeaveFieldAbAttr).applyPreLeaveField(pokemon, passive, simulated, args),
+    (attr, passive) => (attr as PreLeaveFieldAbAttr).canApplyPreLeaveField(pokemon, passive, simulated, args),
+    args,
+    simulated,
+  );
+}
+
+export function applyPreStatStageChangeAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends PreStatStageChangeAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon | null,
+  stat: BattleStat,
+  cancelled: BooleanHolder,
+  simulated = false,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as PreStatStageChangeAbAttr).applyPreStatStageChange(pokemon, passive, simulated, stat, cancelled, args),
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as PreStatStageChangeAbAttr).canApplyPreStatStageChange(pokemon, passive, simulated, stat, cancelled, args),
+    args,
+    simulated,
+  );
+}
+
+export function applyPostStatStageChangeAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends PostStatStageChangeAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  stats: BattleStat[],
+  stages: number,
+  selfTarget: boolean,
+  simulated = false,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    (attr, _passive) =>
+      (attr as PostStatStageChangeAbAttr).applyPostStatStageChange(pokemon, simulated, stats, stages, selfTarget, args),
+    (attr, _passive) =>
+      (attr as PostStatStageChangeAbAttr).canApplyPostStatStageChange(
+        pokemon,
+        simulated,
+        stats,
+        stages,
+        selfTarget,
+        args,
+      ),
+    args,
+    simulated,
+  );
+}
+
+export function applyPreSetStatusAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends PreSetStatusAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  effect: StatusEffect | undefined,
+  cancelled: BooleanHolder,
+  simulated = false,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as PreSetStatusAbAttr).applyPreSetStatus(pokemon, passive, simulated, effect, cancelled, args),
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as PreSetStatusAbAttr).canApplyPreSetStatus(pokemon, passive, simulated, effect, cancelled, args),
+    args,
+    simulated,
+  );
+}
+
+export function applyPreApplyBattlerTagAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends PreApplyBattlerTagAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  tag: BattlerTag,
+  cancelled: BooleanHolder,
+  simulated = false,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as PreApplyBattlerTagAbAttr).applyPreApplyBattlerTag(pokemon, passive, simulated, tag, cancelled, args),
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as PreApplyBattlerTagAbAttr).canApplyPreApplyBattlerTag(pokemon, passive, simulated, tag, cancelled, args),
+    args,
+    simulated,
+  );
+}
+
+export function applyPreWeatherEffectAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends PreWeatherEffectAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  weather: Weather | null,
+  cancelled: BooleanHolder,
+  simulated = false,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as PreWeatherDamageAbAttr).applyPreWeatherEffect(pokemon, passive, simulated, weather, cancelled, args),
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as PreWeatherDamageAbAttr).canApplyPreWeatherEffect(pokemon, passive, simulated, weather, cancelled, args),
+    args,
+    simulated,
+  );
+}
+
+export function applyPostTurnAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends PostTurnAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  simulated = false,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    (attr, passive) => (attr as PostTurnAbAttr).applyPostTurn(pokemon, passive, simulated, args),
+    (attr, passive) => (attr as PostTurnAbAttr).canApplyPostTurn(pokemon, passive, simulated, args),
+    args,
+    simulated,
+  );
+}
+
+export function applyPostWeatherChangeAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends PostWeatherChangeAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  weather: WeatherType,
+  simulated = false,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as PostWeatherChangeAbAttr).applyPostWeatherChange(pokemon, passive, simulated, weather, args),
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as PostWeatherChangeAbAttr).canApplyPostWeatherChange(pokemon, passive, simulated, weather, args),
+    args,
+    simulated,
+  );
+}
+
+export function applyPostWeatherLapseAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends PostWeatherLapseAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  weather: Weather | null,
+  simulated = false,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as PostWeatherLapseAbAttr).applyPostWeatherLapse(pokemon, passive, simulated, weather, args),
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as PostWeatherLapseAbAttr).canApplyPostWeatherLapse(pokemon, passive, simulated, weather, args),
+    args,
+    simulated,
+  );
+}
+
+export function applyPostTerrainChangeAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends PostTerrainChangeAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  terrain: TerrainType,
+  simulated = false,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as PostTerrainChangeAbAttr).applyPostTerrainChange(pokemon, passive, simulated, terrain, args),
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as PostTerrainChangeAbAttr).canApplyPostTerrainChange(pokemon, passive, simulated, terrain, args),
+    args,
+    simulated,
+  );
+}
+
+export function applyCheckTrappedAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends CheckTrappedAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  trapped: BooleanHolder,
+  otherPokemon: Pokemon,
+  messages: string[],
+  simulated = false,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as CheckTrappedAbAttr).applyCheckTrapped(pokemon, passive, simulated, trapped, otherPokemon, args),
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as CheckTrappedAbAttr).canApplyCheckTrapped(pokemon, passive, simulated, trapped, otherPokemon, args),
+    args,
+    simulated,
+    messages,
+  );
+}
+
+export function applyPostBattleAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends PostBattleAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  simulated = false,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    (attr, passive) => (attr as PostBattleAbAttr).applyPostBattle(pokemon, passive, simulated, args),
+    (attr, passive) => (attr as PostBattleAbAttr).canApplyPostBattle(pokemon, passive, simulated, args),
+    args,
+    simulated,
+  );
+}
+
+export function applyPostFaintAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends PostFaintAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  attacker?: Pokemon,
+  move?: Move,
+  hitResult?: HitResult,
+  simulated = false,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as PostFaintAbAttr).applyPostFaint(pokemon, passive, simulated, attacker, move, hitResult, args),
+    (attr, passive) =>
+      (attr as PostFaintAbAttr).canApplyPostFaint(pokemon, passive, simulated, attacker, move, hitResult, args),
+    args,
+    simulated,
+  );
+}
+
+export function applyPostItemLostAbAttrs<K extends AbAttrString>(
+  attrType: AbAttrMap[K] extends PostItemLostAbAttr ? K : never,
+  pokemon: Pokemon,
+  simulated = false,
+  ...args: any[]
+): void {
+  applyAbAttrsInternal(
+    attrType,
+    pokemon,
+    (attr, _passive) => (attr as PostItemLostAbAttr).applyPostItemLost(pokemon, simulated, args),
+    (attr, _passive) => (attr as PostItemLostAbAttr).canApplyPostItemLost(pokemon, simulated, args),
+    args,
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Applies abilities when they become active mid-turn (ability switch)
+ *
+ * Ignores passives as they don't change and shouldn't be reapplied when main abilities change
+ */
+export function applyOnGainAbAttrs(pokemon: Pokemon, passive = false, simulated = false, ...args: any[]): void {
+  applySingleAbAttrs(
+    pokemon,
+    passive,
+    "PostSummonAbAttr",
+    (attr, passive) => attr.applyPostSummon(pokemon, passive, simulated, args),
+    (attr, passive) => attr.canApplyPostSummon(pokemon, passive, simulated, args),
+    args,
+    true,
+    simulated,
+  );
+}
+/**
+ * Applies ability attributes which activate when the ability is lost or suppressed (i.e. primal weather)
+ */
+export function applyOnLoseAbAttrs(pokemon: Pokemon, passive = false, simulated = false, ...args: any[]): void {
+  applySingleAbAttrs(
+    pokemon,
+    passive,
+    "PreLeaveFieldAbAttr",
+    (attr, passive) => attr.applyPreLeaveField(pokemon, passive, simulated, [...args, true]),
+    (attr, passive) => attr.canApplyPreLeaveField(pokemon, passive, simulated, [...args, true]),
+    args,
+    true,
+    simulated,
+  );
+
+  applySingleAbAttrs(
+    pokemon,
+    passive,
+    "IllusionBreakAbAttr",
+    (attr, passive) => attr.apply(pokemon, passive, simulated, null, args),
+    (attr, passive) => attr.canApply(pokemon, passive, simulated, args),
+    args,
+    true,
+    simulated,
+  );
+}

src/data/arena-tag.ts

@@ -10,15 +10,7 @@ import type Pokemon from "#app/field/pokemon";
 import { HitResult } from "#enums/hit-result";
 import { StatusEffect } from "#enums/status-effect";
 import type { BattlerIndex } from "#enums/battler-index";
-import {
-  BlockNonDirectDamageAbAttr,
-  InfiltratorAbAttr,
-  PreLeaveFieldRemoveSuppressAbilitiesSourceAbAttr,
-  ProtectStatAbAttr,
-  applyAbAttrs,
-  applyOnGainAbAttrs,
-  applyOnLoseAbAttrs,
-} from "#app/data/abilities/ability";
+import { applyAbAttrs, applyOnGainAbAttrs, applyOnLoseAbAttrs } from "./abilities/apply-ab-attrs";
 import { Stat } from "#enums/stat";
 import { CommonBattleAnim } from "#app/data/battle-anims";
 import { CommonAnim } from "#enums/move-anims-common";
@@ -28,6 +20,7 @@ import { ArenaTagType } from "#enums/arena-tag-type";
 import { BattlerTagType } from "#enums/battler-tag-type";
 import { MoveId } from "#enums/move-id";
 import { ArenaTagSide } from "#enums/arena-tag-side";
+import { MoveUseMode } from "#enums/move-use-mode";
 
 export abstract class ArenaTag {
   constructor(
@@ -144,7 +137,7 @@ export class MistTag extends ArenaTag {
     if (attacker) {
       const bypassed = new BooleanHolder(false);
       // TODO: Allow this to be simulated
-      applyAbAttrs(InfiltratorAbAttr, attacker, null, false, bypassed);
+      applyAbAttrs("InfiltratorAbAttr", attacker, null, false, bypassed);
       if (bypassed.value) {
         return false;
       }
@@ -209,7 +202,7 @@ export class WeakenMoveScreenTag extends ArenaTag {
   ): boolean {
     if (this.weakenedCategories.includes(moveCategory)) {
       const bypassed = new BooleanHolder(false);
-      applyAbAttrs(InfiltratorAbAttr, attacker, null, false, bypassed);
+      applyAbAttrs("InfiltratorAbAttr", attacker, null, false, bypassed);
       if (bypassed.value) {
         return false;
       }
@@ -765,7 +758,7 @@ class SpikesTag extends ArenaTrapTag {
     }
 
     const cancelled = new BooleanHolder(false);
-    applyAbAttrs(BlockNonDirectDamageAbAttr, pokemon, cancelled);
+    applyAbAttrs("BlockNonDirectDamageAbAttr", pokemon, cancelled);
     if (simulated || cancelled.value) {
       return !cancelled.value;
     }
@@ -883,13 +876,13 @@ export class DelayedAttackTag extends ArenaTag {
     const ret = super.lapse(arena);
 
     if (!ret) {
+      // TODO: This should not add to move history (for Spite)
       globalScene.phaseManager.unshiftNew(
         "MoveEffectPhase",
         this.sourceId!,
         [this.targetIndex],
         allMoves[this.sourceMove!],
-        false,
-        true,
+        MoveUseMode.FOLLOW_UP,
       ); // TODO: are those bangs correct?
     }
 
@@ -953,7 +946,7 @@ class StealthRockTag extends ArenaTrapTag {
 
   override activateTrap(pokemon: Pokemon, simulated: boolean): boolean {
     const cancelled = new BooleanHolder(false);
-    applyAbAttrs(BlockNonDirectDamageAbAttr, pokemon, cancelled);
+    applyAbAttrs("BlockNonDirectDamageAbAttr", pokemon, cancelled);
     if (cancelled.value) {
       return false;
     }
@@ -1010,7 +1003,7 @@ class StickyWebTag extends ArenaTrapTag {
   override activateTrap(pokemon: Pokemon, simulated: boolean): boolean {
     if (pokemon.isGrounded()) {
       const cancelled = new BooleanHolder(false);
-      applyAbAttrs(ProtectStatAbAttr, pokemon, cancelled);
+      applyAbAttrs("ProtectStatAbAttr", pokemon, cancelled);
 
       if (simulated) {
         return !cancelled.value;
@@ -1444,8 +1437,8 @@ export class SuppressAbilitiesTag extends ArenaTag {
       // Could have a custom message that plays when a specific pokemon's NG ends? This entire thing exists due to passives after all
       const setter = globalScene
         .getField()
-        .filter(p => p?.hasAbilityWithAttr(PreLeaveFieldRemoveSuppressAbilitiesSourceAbAttr, false))[0];
-      applyOnGainAbAttrs(setter, setter.getAbility().hasAttr(PreLeaveFieldRemoveSuppressAbilitiesSourceAbAttr));
+        .filter(p => p?.hasAbilityWithAttr("PreLeaveFieldRemoveSuppressAbilitiesSourceAbAttr", false))[0];
+      applyOnGainAbAttrs(setter, setter.getAbility().hasAttr("PreLeaveFieldRemoveSuppressAbilitiesSourceAbAttr"));
     }
   }
 
@@ -1457,7 +1450,7 @@ export class SuppressAbilitiesTag extends ArenaTag {
 
     for (const pokemon of globalScene.getField(true)) {
       // There is only one pokemon with this attr on the field on removal, so its abilities are already active
-      if (pokemon && !pokemon.hasAbilityWithAttr(PreLeaveFieldRemoveSuppressAbilitiesSourceAbAttr, false)) {
+      if (pokemon && !pokemon.hasAbilityWithAttr("PreLeaveFieldRemoveSuppressAbilitiesSourceAbAttr", false)) {
         [true, false].forEach(passive => applyOnGainAbAttrs(pokemon, passive));
       }
     }

src/data/balance/pokemon-evolutions.ts

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ import { MoveId } from "#enums/move-id";
 import { SpeciesId } from "#enums/species-id";
 import { SpeciesFormKey } from "#enums/species-form-key";
 import { TimeOfDay } from "#enums/time-of-day";
-import { DamageMoneyRewardModifier, ExtraModifierModifier, MoneyMultiplierModifier, SpeciesStatBoosterModifier, TempExtraModifierModifier } from "#app/modifier/modifier";
 import type { SpeciesStatBoosterModifierType } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
 import { speciesStarterCosts } from "./starters";
 import i18next from "i18next";
@@ -275,9 +274,9 @@ class MoveTypeEvolutionCondition extends SpeciesEvolutionCondition {
 class TreasureEvolutionCondition extends SpeciesEvolutionCondition {
   constructor() {
     super(p => p.evoCounter
-      + p.getHeldItems().filter(m => m instanceof DamageMoneyRewardModifier).length
-      + globalScene.findModifiers(m => m instanceof MoneyMultiplierModifier
-        || m instanceof ExtraModifierModifier || m instanceof TempExtraModifierModifier).length > 9);
+      + p.getHeldItems().filter(m => m.is("DamageMoneyRewardModifier")).length
+      + globalScene.findModifiers(m => m.is("MoneyMultiplierModifier")
+        || m.is("ExtraModifierModifier") || m.is("TempExtraModifierModifier")).length > 9);
     this.description = i18next.t("pokemonEvolutions:treasure");
   }
 }
@@ -1794,8 +1793,8 @@ export const pokemonEvolutions: PokemonEvolutions = {
   ],
   [SpeciesId.CLAMPERL]: [
     // TODO: Change the SpeciesEvolutionConditions here to use a bespoke HeldItemEvolutionCondition after the modifier rework
-    new SpeciesEvolution(SpeciesId.HUNTAIL, 1, EvolutionItem.LINKING_CORD, new SpeciesEvolutionCondition(p => p.getHeldItems().some(m => m instanceof SpeciesStatBoosterModifier && (m.type as SpeciesStatBoosterModifierType).key === "DEEP_SEA_TOOTH")), SpeciesWildEvolutionDelay.VERY_LONG),
-    new SpeciesEvolution(SpeciesId.GOREBYSS, 1, EvolutionItem.LINKING_CORD, new SpeciesEvolutionCondition(p => p.getHeldItems().some(m => m instanceof SpeciesStatBoosterModifier && (m.type as SpeciesStatBoosterModifierType).key === "DEEP_SEA_SCALE")), SpeciesWildEvolutionDelay.VERY_LONG)
+    new SpeciesEvolution(SpeciesId.HUNTAIL, 1, EvolutionItem.LINKING_CORD, new SpeciesEvolutionCondition(p => p.getHeldItems().some(m => m.is("SpeciesStatBoosterModifier") && (m.type as SpeciesStatBoosterModifierType).key === "DEEP_SEA_TOOTH")), SpeciesWildEvolutionDelay.VERY_LONG),
+    new SpeciesEvolution(SpeciesId.GOREBYSS, 1, EvolutionItem.LINKING_CORD, new SpeciesEvolutionCondition(p => p.getHeldItems().some(m => m.is("SpeciesStatBoosterModifier") && (m.type as SpeciesStatBoosterModifierType).key === "DEEP_SEA_SCALE")), SpeciesWildEvolutionDelay.VERY_LONG)
   ],
   [SpeciesId.BOLDORE]: [
     new SpeciesEvolution(SpeciesId.GIGALITH, 1, EvolutionItem.LINKING_CORD, null, SpeciesWildEvolutionDelay.VERY_LONG)

src/data/balance/tms.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { ModifierTier } from "#app/modifier/modifier-tier";
+import { ModifierTier } from "#enums/modifier-tier";
 import { MoveId } from "#enums/move-id";
 import { SpeciesId } from "#enums/species-id";
 

src/data/battle-anims.ts

@@ -1,15 +1,22 @@
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
-import { allMoves } from "./data-lists";
+import { allMoves } from "#app/data/data-lists";
 import { MoveFlags } from "#enums/MoveFlags";
-import type Pokemon from "../field/pokemon";
-import { type nil, getFrameMs, getEnumKeys, getEnumValues, animationFileName } from "../utils/common";
+import type Pokemon from "#app/field/pokemon";
+import {
+  type nil,
+  getFrameMs,
+  getEnumKeys,
+  getEnumValues,
+  animationFileName,
+  coerceArray,
+  isNullOrUndefined,
+} from "#app/utils/common";
 import type { BattlerIndex } from "#enums/battler-index";
 import { MoveId } from "#enums/move-id";
-import { SubstituteTag } from "./battler-tags";
-import { isNullOrUndefined } from "../utils/common";
 import Phaser from "phaser";
 import { EncounterAnim } from "#enums/encounter-anims";
 import { AnimBlendType, AnimFrameTarget, AnimFocus, ChargeAnim, CommonAnim } from "#enums/move-anims-common";
+import { BattlerTagType } from "#enums/battler-tag-type";
 
 export class AnimConfig {
   public id: number;
@@ -519,7 +526,7 @@ function logMissingMoveAnim(move: MoveId, ...optionalParams: any[]) {
  * @param encounterAnim one or more animations to fetch
  */
 export async function initEncounterAnims(encounterAnim: EncounterAnim | EncounterAnim[]): Promise<void> {
-  const anims = Array.isArray(encounterAnim) ? encounterAnim : [encounterAnim];
+  const anims = coerceArray(encounterAnim);
   const encounterAnimNames = getEnumKeys(EncounterAnim);
   const encounterAnimFetches: Promise<Map<EncounterAnim, AnimConfig>>[] = [];
   for (const anim of anims) {
@@ -770,7 +777,7 @@ export abstract class BattleAnim {
     const user = !isOppAnim ? this.user : this.target;
     const target = !isOppAnim ? this.target : this.user;
 
-    const targetSubstitute = onSubstitute && user !== target ? target!.getTag(SubstituteTag) : null;
+    const targetSubstitute = onSubstitute && user !== target ? target!.getTag(BattlerTagType.SUBSTITUTE) : null;
 
     const userInitialX = user!.x; // TODO: is this bang correct?
     const userInitialY = user!.y; // TODO: is this bang correct?
@@ -844,7 +851,7 @@ export abstract class BattleAnim {
       return;
     }
 
-    const targetSubstitute = !!onSubstitute && user !== target ? target.getTag(SubstituteTag) : null;
+    const targetSubstitute = !!onSubstitute && user !== target ? target.getTag(BattlerTagType.SUBSTITUTE) : null;
 
     const userSprite = user.getSprite();
     const targetSprite = targetSubstitute?.sprite ?? target.getSprite();

src/data/battler-tags.ts

@@ -1,13 +1,6 @@
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
 import Overrides from "#app/overrides";
-import {
-  applyAbAttrs,
-  BlockNonDirectDamageAbAttr,
-  FlinchEffectAbAttr,
-  ProtectStatAbAttr,
-  ConditionalUserFieldProtectStatAbAttr,
-  ReverseDrainAbAttr,
-} from "#app/data/abilities/ability";
+import { applyAbAttrs } from "./abilities/apply-ab-attrs";
 import { allAbilities } from "./data-lists";
 import { CommonBattleAnim, MoveChargeAnim } from "#app/data/battle-anims";
 import { ChargeAnim, CommonAnim } from "#enums/move-anims-common";
@@ -28,7 +21,7 @@ import type { MoveEffectPhase } from "#app/phases/move-effect-phase";
 import type { MovePhase } from "#app/phases/move-phase";
 import type { StatStageChangeCallback } from "#app/phases/stat-stage-change-phase";
 import i18next from "#app/plugins/i18n";
-import { BooleanHolder, getFrameMs, NumberHolder, toDmgValue } from "#app/utils/common";
+import { BooleanHolder, coerceArray, getFrameMs, NumberHolder, toDmgValue } from "#app/utils/common";
 import { AbilityId } from "#enums/ability-id";
 import { BattlerTagType } from "#enums/battler-tag-type";
 import { MoveId } from "#enums/move-id";
@@ -38,8 +31,15 @@ import { EFFECTIVE_STATS, getStatKey, Stat, type BattleStat, type EffectiveStat
 import { StatusEffect } from "#enums/status-effect";
 import { WeatherType } from "#enums/weather-type";
 import { isNullOrUndefined } from "#app/utils/common";
+import { MoveUseMode } from "#enums/move-use-mode";
+import { invalidEncoreMoves } from "./moves/invalid-moves";
 import { BattlerTagLapseType } from "#enums/battler-tag-lapse-type";
 
+/**
+ * A {@linkcode BattlerTag} represents a semi-persistent effect that can be attached to a {@linkcode Pokemon}.
+ * Tags can trigger various effects throughout a turn, and are cleared on switching out
+ * or through their respective {@linkcode BattlerTag.lapse | lapse} methods.
+ */
 export class BattlerTag {
   public tagType: BattlerTagType;
   public lapseTypes: BattlerTagLapseType[];
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ export class BattlerTag {
     isBatonPassable = false,
   ) {
     this.tagType = tagType;
-    this.lapseTypes = Array.isArray(lapseType) ? lapseType : [lapseType];
+    this.lapseTypes = coerceArray(lapseType);
     this.turnCount = turnCount;
     this.sourceMove = sourceMove!; // TODO: is this bang correct?
     this.sourceId = sourceId;
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ export class BattlerTag {
 
   /**
    * Tick down this {@linkcode BattlerTag}'s duration.
-   * @returns `true` if the tag should be kept (`turnCount` > 0`)
+   * @returns `true` if the tag should be kept (`turnCount > 0`)
    */
   lapse(_pokemon: Pokemon, _lapseType: BattlerTagLapseType): boolean {
     // TODO: Maybe flip this (return `true` if tag needs removal)
@@ -132,16 +132,6 @@ export interface TerrainBattlerTag {
  * Players and enemies should not be allowed to select restricted moves.
  */
 export abstract class MoveRestrictionBattlerTag extends BattlerTag {
-  constructor(
-    tagType: BattlerTagType,
-    lapseType: BattlerTagLapseType | BattlerTagLapseType[],
-    turnCount: number,
-    sourceMove?: MoveId,
-    sourceId?: number,
-  ) {
-    super(tagType, lapseType, turnCount, sourceMove, sourceId);
-  }
-
   /** @override */
   override lapse(pokemon: Pokemon, lapseType: BattlerTagLapseType): boolean {
     if (lapseType === BattlerTagLapseType.PRE_MOVE) {
@@ -284,17 +274,18 @@ export class DisabledTag extends MoveRestrictionBattlerTag {
   /**
    * @override
    *
-   * Ensures that move history exists on `pokemon` and has a valid move. If so, sets the {@linkcode moveId} and shows a message.
-   * Otherwise the move ID will not get assigned and this tag will get removed next turn.
+   * Attempt to disable the target's last move by setting this tag's {@linkcode moveId}
+   * and showing a message.
    */
   override onAdd(pokemon: Pokemon): void {
-    super.onAdd(pokemon);
-
-    const move = pokemon.getLastXMoves(-1).find(m => !m.virtual);
-    if (isNullOrUndefined(move) || move.move === MoveId.STRUGGLE || move.move === MoveId.NONE) {
+    // Disable fails against struggle or an empty move history
+    // TODO: Confirm if this is redundant given Disable/Cursed Body's disable conditions
+    const move = pokemon.getLastNonVirtualMove();
+    if (isNullOrUndefined(move) || move.move === MoveId.STRUGGLE) {
       return;
     }
 
+    super.onAdd(pokemon);
     this.moveId = move.move;
 
     globalScene.phaseManager.queueMessage(
@@ -344,7 +335,6 @@ export class DisabledTag extends MoveRestrictionBattlerTag {
 
 /**
  * Tag used by Gorilla Tactics to restrict the user to using only one move.
- * @extends MoveRestrictionBattlerTag
  */
 export class GorillaTacticsTag extends MoveRestrictionBattlerTag {
   private moveId = MoveId.NONE;
@@ -353,34 +343,30 @@ export class GorillaTacticsTag extends MoveRestrictionBattlerTag {
     super(BattlerTagType.GORILLA_TACTICS, BattlerTagLapseType.CUSTOM, 0);
   }
 
-  /** @override */
   override isMoveRestricted(move: MoveId): boolean {
     return move !== this.moveId;
   }
 
   /**
-   * @override
-   * @param {Pokemon} pokemon the {@linkcode Pokemon} to check if the tag can be added
-   * @returns `true` if the pokemon has a valid move and no existing {@linkcode GorillaTacticsTag}; `false` otherwise
+   * Ensures that move history exists on {@linkcode Pokemon} and has a valid move to lock into.
+   * @param pokemon - The {@linkcode Pokemon} to add the tag to
+   * @returns `true` if the tag can be added
    */
   override canAdd(pokemon: Pokemon): boolean {
-    return this.getLastValidMove(pokemon) !== undefined && !pokemon.getTag(GorillaTacticsTag);
+    // Choice items ignore struggle, so Gorilla Tactics should too
+    const lastSelectedMove = pokemon.getLastNonVirtualMove();
+    return !isNullOrUndefined(lastSelectedMove) && lastSelectedMove.move !== MoveId.STRUGGLE;
   }
 
   /**
-   * Ensures that move history exists on {@linkcode Pokemon} and has a valid move.
-   * If so, sets the {@linkcode moveId} and increases the user's Attack by 50%.
-   * @override
-   * @param {Pokemon} pokemon the {@linkcode Pokemon} to add the tag to
+   * Sets this tag's {@linkcode moveId} and increases the user's Attack by 50%.
+   * @param pokemon - The {@linkcode Pokemon} to add the tag to
    */
   override onAdd(pokemon: Pokemon): void {
-    const lastValidMove = this.getLastValidMove(pokemon);
+    super.onAdd(pokemon);
 
-    if (!lastValidMove) {
-      return;
-    }
-
-    this.moveId = lastValidMove;
+    // Bang is justified as tag is not added if prior move doesn't exist
+    this.moveId = pokemon.getLastNonVirtualMove()!.move;
     pokemon.setStat(Stat.ATK, pokemon.getStat(Stat.ATK, false) * 1.5, false);
   }
 
@@ -395,29 +381,16 @@ export class GorillaTacticsTag extends MoveRestrictionBattlerTag {
   }
 
   /**
-   *
-   * @override
-   * @param {Pokemon} pokemon n/a
-   * @param {MoveId} _move {@linkcode MoveId} ID of the move being denied
-   * @returns {string} text to display when the move is denied
+   * Return the text displayed when a move is restricted.
+   * @param pokemon - The {@linkcode Pokemon} with this tag.
+   * @returns A string containing the text to display when the move is denied
    */
-  override selectionDeniedText(pokemon: Pokemon, _move: MoveId): string {
+  override selectionDeniedText(pokemon: Pokemon): string {
     return i18next.t("battle:canOnlyUseMove", {
       moveName: allMoves[this.moveId].name,
       pokemonName: getPokemonNameWithAffix(pokemon),
     });
   }
-
-  /**
-   * Gets the last valid move from the pokemon's move history.
-   * @param {Pokemon} pokemon {@linkcode Pokemon} to get the last valid move from
-   * @returns {MoveId | undefined} the last valid move from the pokemon's move history
-   */
-  getLastValidMove(pokemon: Pokemon): MoveId | undefined {
-    const move = pokemon.getLastXMoves().find(m => m.move !== MoveId.NONE && m.move !== MoveId.STRUGGLE && !m.virtual);
-
-    return move?.move;
-  }
 }
 
 /**
@@ -431,8 +404,8 @@ export class RechargingTag extends BattlerTag {
   onAdd(pokemon: Pokemon): void {
     super.onAdd(pokemon);
 
-    // Queue a placeholder move for the Pokemon to "use" next turn
-    pokemon.getMoveQueue().push({ move: MoveId.NONE, targets: [] });
+    // Queue a placeholder move for the Pokemon to "use" next turn.
+    pokemon.pushMoveQueue({ move: MoveId.NONE, targets: [], useMode: MoveUseMode.NORMAL });
   }
 
   /** Cancels the source's move this turn and queues a "__ must recharge!" message */
@@ -648,7 +621,7 @@ export class FlinchedTag extends BattlerTag {
           pokemonNameWithAffix: getPokemonNameWithAffix(pokemon),
         }),
       );
-      applyAbAttrs(FlinchEffectAbAttr, pokemon, null);
+      applyAbAttrs("FlinchEffectAbAttr", pokemon, null);
       return true;
     }
 
@@ -677,6 +650,7 @@ export class InterruptedTag extends BattlerTag {
       move: MoveId.NONE,
       result: MoveResult.OTHER,
       targets: [],
+      useMode: MoveUseMode.NORMAL,
     });
   }
 
@@ -942,7 +916,7 @@ export class SeedTag extends BattlerTag {
       const source = pokemon.getOpponents().find(o => o.getBattlerIndex() === this.sourceIndex);
       if (source) {
         const cancelled = new BooleanHolder(false);
-        applyAbAttrs(BlockNonDirectDamageAbAttr, pokemon, cancelled);
+        applyAbAttrs("BlockNonDirectDamageAbAttr", pokemon, cancelled);
 
         if (!cancelled.value) {
           globalScene.phaseManager.unshiftNew(
@@ -953,7 +927,7 @@ export class SeedTag extends BattlerTag {
           );
 
           const damage = pokemon.damageAndUpdate(toDmgValue(pokemon.getMaxHp() / 8), { result: HitResult.INDIRECT });
-          const reverseDrain = pokemon.hasAbilityWithAttr(ReverseDrainAbAttr, false);
+          const reverseDrain = pokemon.hasAbilityWithAttr("ReverseDrainAbAttr", false);
           globalScene.phaseManager.unshiftNew(
             "PokemonHealPhase",
             source.getBattlerIndex(),
@@ -1002,42 +976,45 @@ export class PowderTag extends BattlerTag {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Applies Powder's effects before the tag owner uses a Fire-type move.
-   * Also causes the tag to expire at the end of turn.
-   * @param pokemon {@linkcode Pokemon} the owner of this tag
-   * @param lapseType {@linkcode BattlerTagLapseType} the type of lapse functionality to carry out
-   * @returns `true` if the tag should not expire after this lapse; `false` otherwise.
+   * Applies Powder's effects before the tag owner uses a Fire-type move, damaging and canceling its action.
+   * Lasts until the end of the turn.
+   * @param pokemon - The {@linkcode Pokemon} with this tag.
+   * @param lapseType - The {@linkcode BattlerTagLapseType} dictating how this tag is being activated
+   * @returns `true` if the tag should remain active.
    */
   lapse(pokemon: Pokemon, lapseType: BattlerTagLapseType): boolean {
-    if (lapseType === BattlerTagLapseType.PRE_MOVE) {
-      const movePhase = globalScene.phaseManager.getCurrentPhase();
-      if (movePhase?.is("MovePhase")) {
-        const move = movePhase.move.getMove();
-        const weather = globalScene.arena.weather;
-        if (
-          pokemon.getMoveType(move) === PokemonType.FIRE &&
-          !(weather && weather.weatherType === WeatherType.HEAVY_RAIN && !weather.isEffectSuppressed())
-        ) {
-          movePhase.fail();
-          movePhase.showMoveText();
+    const movePhase = globalScene.phaseManager.getCurrentPhase();
+    if (lapseType !== BattlerTagLapseType.PRE_MOVE || !movePhase?.is("MovePhase")) {
+      return false;
+    }
 
-          const idx = pokemon.getBattlerIndex();
-
-          globalScene.phaseManager.unshiftNew("CommonAnimPhase", idx, idx, CommonAnim.POWDER);
-
-          const cancelDamage = new BooleanHolder(false);
-          applyAbAttrs(BlockNonDirectDamageAbAttr, pokemon, cancelDamage);
-          if (!cancelDamage.value) {
-            pokemon.damageAndUpdate(Math.floor(pokemon.getMaxHp() / 4), { result: HitResult.INDIRECT });
-          }
-
-          // "When the flame touched the powder\non the Pokémon, it exploded!"
-          globalScene.phaseManager.queueMessage(i18next.t("battlerTags:powderLapse", { moveName: move.name }));
-        }
-      }
+    const move = movePhase.move.getMove();
+    const weather = globalScene.arena.weather;
+    if (
+      pokemon.getMoveType(move) !== PokemonType.FIRE ||
+      (weather?.weatherType === WeatherType.HEAVY_RAIN && !weather.isEffectSuppressed()) // Heavy rain takes priority over powder
+    ) {
       return true;
     }
-    return super.lapse(pokemon, lapseType);
+
+    // Disable the target's fire type move and damage it (subject to Magic Guard)
+    movePhase.showMoveText();
+    movePhase.fail();
+
+    const idx = pokemon.getBattlerIndex();
+
+    globalScene.phaseManager.unshiftNew("CommonAnimPhase", idx, idx, CommonAnim.POWDER);
+
+    const cancelDamage = new BooleanHolder(false);
+    applyAbAttrs("BlockNonDirectDamageAbAttr", pokemon, cancelDamage);
+    if (!cancelDamage.value) {
+      pokemon.damageAndUpdate(Math.floor(pokemon.getMaxHp() / 4), { result: HitResult.INDIRECT });
+    }
+
+    // "When the flame touched the powder\non the Pokémon, it exploded!"
+    globalScene.phaseManager.queueMessage(i18next.t("battlerTags:powderLapse", { moveName: move.name }));
+
+    return true;
   }
 }
 
@@ -1079,7 +1056,7 @@ export class NightmareTag extends BattlerTag {
       phaseManager.unshiftNew("CommonAnimPhase", pokemon.getBattlerIndex(), undefined, CommonAnim.CURSE); // TODO: Update animation type
 
       const cancelled = new BooleanHolder(false);
-      applyAbAttrs(BlockNonDirectDamageAbAttr, pokemon, cancelled);
+      applyAbAttrs("BlockNonDirectDamageAbAttr", pokemon, cancelled);
 
       if (!cancelled.value) {
         pokemon.damageAndUpdate(toDmgValue(pokemon.getMaxHp() / 4), { result: HitResult.INDIRECT });
@@ -1132,34 +1109,22 @@ export class EncoreTag extends MoveRestrictionBattlerTag {
   }
 
   canAdd(pokemon: Pokemon): boolean {
-    const lastMoves = pokemon.getLastXMoves(1);
-    if (!lastMoves.length) {
+    const lastMove = pokemon.getLastNonVirtualMove();
+    if (!lastMove) {
       return false;
     }
 
-    const repeatableMove = lastMoves[0];
-
-    if (!repeatableMove.move || repeatableMove.virtual) {
+    if (invalidEncoreMoves.has(lastMove.move)) {
       return false;
     }
 
-    switch (repeatableMove.move) {
-      case MoveId.MIMIC:
-      case MoveId.MIRROR_MOVE:
-      case MoveId.TRANSFORM:
-      case MoveId.STRUGGLE:
-      case MoveId.SKETCH:
-      case MoveId.SLEEP_TALK:
-      case MoveId.ENCORE:
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    this.moveId = repeatableMove.move;
+    this.moveId = lastMove.move;
 
     return true;
   }
 
   onAdd(pokemon: Pokemon): void {
+    // TODO: shouldn't this be `onAdd`?
     super.onRemove(pokemon);
 
     globalScene.phaseManager.queueMessage(
@@ -1175,7 +1140,13 @@ export class EncoreTag extends MoveRestrictionBattlerTag {
         const lastMove = pokemon.getLastXMoves(1)[0];
         globalScene.phaseManager.tryReplacePhase(
           m => m.is("MovePhase") && m.pokemon === pokemon,
-          globalScene.phaseManager.create("MovePhase", pokemon, lastMove.targets ?? [], movesetMove),
+          globalScene.phaseManager.create(
+            "MovePhase",
+            pokemon,
+            lastMove.targets ?? [],
+            movesetMove,
+            MoveUseMode.NORMAL,
+          ),
         );
       }
     }
@@ -1438,7 +1409,7 @@ export abstract class DamagingTrapTag extends TrappedTag {
       phaseManager.unshiftNew("CommonAnimPhase", pokemon.getBattlerIndex(), undefined, this.commonAnim);
 
       const cancelled = new BooleanHolder(false);
-      applyAbAttrs(BlockNonDirectDamageAbAttr, pokemon, cancelled);
+      applyAbAttrs("BlockNonDirectDamageAbAttr", pokemon, cancelled);
 
       if (!cancelled.value) {
         pokemon.damageAndUpdate(toDmgValue(pokemon.getMaxHp() / 8), { result: HitResult.INDIRECT });
@@ -1477,16 +1448,6 @@ export class WrapTag extends DamagingTrapTag {
 }
 
 export abstract class VortexTrapTag extends DamagingTrapTag {
-  constructor(
-    tagType: BattlerTagType,
-    commonAnim: CommonAnim,
-    turnCount: number,
-    sourceMove: MoveId,
-    sourceId: number,
-  ) {
-    super(tagType, commonAnim, turnCount, sourceMove, sourceId);
-  }
-
   getTrapMessage(pokemon: Pokemon): string {
     return i18next.t("battlerTags:vortexOnTrap", {
       pokemonNameWithAffix: getPokemonNameWithAffix(pokemon),
@@ -1681,7 +1642,7 @@ export class ContactDamageProtectedTag extends ContactProtectedTag {
    */
   override onContact(attacker: Pokemon, user: Pokemon): void {
     const cancelled = new BooleanHolder(false);
-    applyAbAttrs(BlockNonDirectDamageAbAttr, user, cancelled);
+    applyAbAttrs("BlockNonDirectDamageAbAttr", user, cancelled);
     if (!cancelled.value) {
       attacker.damageAndUpdate(toDmgValue(attacker.getMaxHp() * (1 / this.damageRatio)), {
         result: HitResult.INDIRECT,
@@ -1911,24 +1872,29 @@ export class TruantTag extends AbilityBattlerTag {
 
   lapse(pokemon: Pokemon, lapseType: BattlerTagLapseType): boolean {
     if (!pokemon.hasAbility(AbilityId.TRUANT)) {
+      // remove tag if mon lacks ability
       return super.lapse(pokemon, lapseType);
     }
-    const passive = pokemon.getAbility().id !== AbilityId.TRUANT;
 
-    const lastMove = pokemon.getLastXMoves().find(() => true);
+    const lastMove = pokemon.getLastXMoves()[0];
 
-    if (lastMove && lastMove.move !== MoveId.NONE) {
-      (globalScene.phaseManager.getCurrentPhase() as MovePhase).cancel();
-      // TODO: Ability displays should be handled by the ability
-      globalScene.phaseManager.queueAbilityDisplay(pokemon, passive, true);
-      globalScene.phaseManager.queueMessage(
-        i18next.t("battlerTags:truantLapse", {
-          pokemonNameWithAffix: getPokemonNameWithAffix(pokemon),
-        }),
-      );
-      globalScene.phaseManager.queueAbilityDisplay(pokemon, passive, false);
+    if (!lastMove) {
+      // Don't interrupt move if last move was `Moves.NONE` OR no prior move was found
+      return true;
     }
 
+    // Interrupt move usage in favor of slacking off
+    const passive = pokemon.getAbility().id !== AbilityId.TRUANT;
+    (globalScene.phaseManager.getCurrentPhase() as MovePhase).cancel();
+    // TODO: Ability displays should be handled by the ability
+    globalScene.phaseManager.queueAbilityDisplay(pokemon, passive, true);
+    globalScene.phaseManager.queueMessage(
+      i18next.t("battlerTags:truantLapse", {
+        pokemonNameWithAffix: getPokemonNameWithAffix(pokemon),
+      }),
+    );
+    globalScene.phaseManager.queueAbilityDisplay(pokemon, passive, false);
+
     return true;
   }
 }
@@ -2277,7 +2243,7 @@ export class SaltCuredTag extends BattlerTag {
       );
 
       const cancelled = new BooleanHolder(false);
-      applyAbAttrs(BlockNonDirectDamageAbAttr, pokemon, cancelled);
+      applyAbAttrs("BlockNonDirectDamageAbAttr", pokemon, cancelled);
 
       if (!cancelled.value) {
         const pokemonSteelOrWater = pokemon.isOfType(PokemonType.STEEL) || pokemon.isOfType(PokemonType.WATER);
@@ -2331,7 +2297,7 @@ export class CursedTag extends BattlerTag {
       );
 
       const cancelled = new BooleanHolder(false);
-      applyAbAttrs(BlockNonDirectDamageAbAttr, pokemon, cancelled);
+      applyAbAttrs("BlockNonDirectDamageAbAttr", pokemon, cancelled);
 
       if (!cancelled.value) {
         pokemon.damageAndUpdate(toDmgValue(pokemon.getMaxHp() / 4), { result: HitResult.INDIRECT });
@@ -2666,7 +2632,7 @@ export class GulpMissileTag extends BattlerTag {
       }
 
       const cancelled = new BooleanHolder(false);
-      applyAbAttrs(BlockNonDirectDamageAbAttr, attacker, cancelled);
+      applyAbAttrs("BlockNonDirectDamageAbAttr", attacker, cancelled);
 
       if (!cancelled.value) {
         attacker.damageAndUpdate(Math.max(1, Math.floor(attacker.getMaxHp() / 4)), { result: HitResult.INDIRECT });
@@ -3056,8 +3022,8 @@ export class MysteryEncounterPostSummonTag extends BattlerTag {
 
     if (lapseType === BattlerTagLapseType.CUSTOM) {
       const cancelled = new BooleanHolder(false);
-      applyAbAttrs(ProtectStatAbAttr, pokemon, cancelled);
-      applyAbAttrs(ConditionalUserFieldProtectStatAbAttr, pokemon, cancelled, false, pokemon);
+      applyAbAttrs("ProtectStatAbAttr", pokemon, cancelled);
+      applyAbAttrs("ConditionalUserFieldProtectStatAbAttr", pokemon, cancelled, false, pokemon);
       if (!cancelled.value) {
         if (pokemon.mysteryEncounterBattleEffects) {
           pokemon.mysteryEncounterBattleEffects(pokemon);

src/data/berry.ts

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import type Pokemon from "../field/pokemon";
 import { HitResult } from "#enums/hit-result";
 import { getStatusEffectHealText } from "./status-effect";
 import { NumberHolder, toDmgValue, randSeedInt } from "#app/utils/common";
-import { DoubleBerryEffectAbAttr, ReduceBerryUseThresholdAbAttr, applyAbAttrs } from "./abilities/ability";
+import { applyAbAttrs } from "./abilities/apply-ab-attrs";
 import i18next from "i18next";
 import { BattlerTagType } from "#enums/battler-tag-type";
 import { BerryType } from "#enums/berry-type";
@@ -38,25 +38,25 @@ export function getBerryPredicate(berryType: BerryType): BerryPredicate {
         const threshold = new NumberHolder(0.25);
         // Offset BerryType such that LIECHI -> Stat.ATK = 1, GANLON -> Stat.DEF = 2, so on and so forth
         const stat: BattleStat = berryType - BerryType.ENIGMA;
-        applyAbAttrs(ReduceBerryUseThresholdAbAttr, pokemon, null, false, threshold);
+        applyAbAttrs("ReduceBerryUseThresholdAbAttr", pokemon, null, false, threshold);
         return pokemon.getHpRatio() < threshold.value && pokemon.getStatStage(stat) < 6;
       };
     case BerryType.LANSAT:
       return (pokemon: Pokemon) => {
         const threshold = new NumberHolder(0.25);
-        applyAbAttrs(ReduceBerryUseThresholdAbAttr, pokemon, null, false, threshold);
+        applyAbAttrs("ReduceBerryUseThresholdAbAttr", pokemon, null, false, threshold);
         return pokemon.getHpRatio() < 0.25 && !pokemon.getTag(BattlerTagType.CRIT_BOOST);
       };
     case BerryType.STARF:
       return (pokemon: Pokemon) => {
         const threshold = new NumberHolder(0.25);
-        applyAbAttrs(ReduceBerryUseThresholdAbAttr, pokemon, null, false, threshold);
+        applyAbAttrs("ReduceBerryUseThresholdAbAttr", pokemon, null, false, threshold);
         return pokemon.getHpRatio() < 0.25;
       };
     case BerryType.LEPPA:
       return (pokemon: Pokemon) => {
         const threshold = new NumberHolder(0.25);
-        applyAbAttrs(ReduceBerryUseThresholdAbAttr, pokemon, null, false, threshold);
+        applyAbAttrs("ReduceBerryUseThresholdAbAttr", pokemon, null, false, threshold);
         return !!pokemon.getMoveset().find(m => !m.getPpRatio());
       };
   }
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ export function getBerryEffectFunc(berryType: BerryType): BerryEffectFunc {
       case BerryType.ENIGMA:
         {
           const hpHealed = new NumberHolder(toDmgValue(consumer.getMaxHp() / 4));
-          applyAbAttrs(DoubleBerryEffectAbAttr, consumer, null, false, hpHealed);
+          applyAbAttrs("DoubleBerryEffectAbAttr", consumer, null, false, hpHealed);
           globalScene.phaseManager.unshiftNew(
             "PokemonHealPhase",
             consumer.getBattlerIndex(),
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ export function getBerryEffectFunc(berryType: BerryType): BerryEffectFunc {
           // Offset BerryType such that LIECHI --> Stat.ATK = 1, GANLON --> Stat.DEF = 2, etc etc.
           const stat: BattleStat = berryType - BerryType.ENIGMA;
           const statStages = new NumberHolder(1);
-          applyAbAttrs(DoubleBerryEffectAbAttr, consumer, null, false, statStages);
+          applyAbAttrs("DoubleBerryEffectAbAttr", consumer, null, false, statStages);
           globalScene.phaseManager.unshiftNew(
             "StatStageChangePhase",
             consumer.getBattlerIndex(),
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ export function getBerryEffectFunc(berryType: BerryType): BerryEffectFunc {
         {
           const randStat = randSeedInt(Stat.SPD, Stat.ATK);
           const stages = new NumberHolder(2);
-          applyAbAttrs(DoubleBerryEffectAbAttr, consumer, null, false, stages);
+          applyAbAttrs("DoubleBerryEffectAbAttr", consumer, null, false, stages);
           globalScene.phaseManager.unshiftNew(
             "StatStageChangePhase",
             consumer.getBattlerIndex(),

src/data/challenge.ts

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ import { TrainerType } from "#enums/trainer-type";
 import { Nature } from "#enums/nature";
 import type { MoveId } from "#enums/move-id";
 import { TypeColor, TypeShadow } from "#enums/color";
-import { ModifierTier } from "#app/modifier/modifier-tier";
+import { ModifierTier } from "#enums/modifier-tier";
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
 import { pokemonFormChanges } from "./pokemon-forms";
 import { pokemonEvolutions } from "./balance/pokemon-evolutions";

src/data/data-lists.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
-import type { Ability } from "./abilities/ability-class";
+import type { ModifierTypes } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import type { Ability } from "./abilities/ability";
 import type Move from "./moves/move";
 
 export const allAbilities: Ability[] = [];
 export const allMoves: Move[] = [];
+
+// TODO: Figure out what this is used for and provide an appropriate tsdoc comment
+export const modifierTypes = {} as ModifierTypes;

src/data/dialogue.ts

@@ -1723,49 +1723,6 @@ export const trainerTypeDialogue: TrainerTypeDialogue = {
   ],
 };
 
-export const doubleBattleDialogue = {
-  blue_red_double: {
-    encounter: ["doubleBattleDialogue:blue_red_double.encounter.1"],
-    victory: ["doubleBattleDialogue:blue_red_double.victory.1"],
-  },
-  red_blue_double: {
-    encounter: ["doubleBattleDialogue:red_blue_double.encounter.1"],
-    victory: ["doubleBattleDialogue:red_blue_double.victory.1"],
-  },
-  tate_liza_double: {
-    encounter: ["doubleBattleDialogue:tate_liza_double.encounter.1"],
-    victory: ["doubleBattleDialogue:tate_liza_double.victory.1"],
-  },
-  liza_tate_double: {
-    encounter: ["doubleBattleDialogue:liza_tate_double.encounter.1"],
-    victory: ["doubleBattleDialogue:liza_tate_double.victory.1"],
-  },
-  wallace_steven_double: {
-    encounter: ["doubleBattleDialogue:wallace_steven_double.encounter.1"],
-    victory: ["doubleBattleDialogue:wallace_steven_double.victory.1"],
-  },
-  steven_wallace_double: {
-    encounter: ["doubleBattleDialogue:steven_wallace_double.encounter.1"],
-    victory: ["doubleBattleDialogue:steven_wallace_double.victory.1"],
-  },
-  alder_iris_double: {
-    encounter: ["doubleBattleDialogue:alder_iris_double.encounter.1"],
-    victory: ["doubleBattleDialogue:alder_iris_double.victory.1"],
-  },
-  iris_alder_double: {
-    encounter: ["doubleBattleDialogue:iris_alder_double.encounter.1"],
-    victory: ["doubleBattleDialogue:iris_alder_double.victory.1"],
-  },
-  marnie_piers_double: {
-    encounter: ["doubleBattleDialogue:marnie_piers_double.encounter.1"],
-    victory: ["doubleBattleDialogue:marnie_piers_double.victory.1"],
-  },
-  piers_marnie_double: {
-    encounter: ["doubleBattleDialogue:piers_marnie_double.encounter.1"],
-    victory: ["doubleBattleDialogue:piers_marnie_double.victory.1"],
-  },
-};
-
 export const battleSpecDialogue = {
   [BattleSpec.FINAL_BOSS]: {
     encounter: "battleSpecDialogue:encounter",

src/data/double-battle-dialogue.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+// TODO: Move this back into `dialogue.ts` after finding a suitable way to remove the circular dependencies
+// that caused this to be moved out in the first place
+export const doubleBattleDialogue = {
+  blue_red_double: {
+    encounter: ["doubleBattleDialogue:blue_red_double.encounter.1"],
+    victory: ["doubleBattleDialogue:blue_red_double.victory.1"],
+  },
+  red_blue_double: {
+    encounter: ["doubleBattleDialogue:red_blue_double.encounter.1"],
+    victory: ["doubleBattleDialogue:red_blue_double.victory.1"],
+  },
+  tate_liza_double: {
+    encounter: ["doubleBattleDialogue:tate_liza_double.encounter.1"],
+    victory: ["doubleBattleDialogue:tate_liza_double.victory.1"],
+  },
+  liza_tate_double: {
+    encounter: ["doubleBattleDialogue:liza_tate_double.encounter.1"],
+    victory: ["doubleBattleDialogue:liza_tate_double.victory.1"],
+  },
+  wallace_steven_double: {
+    encounter: ["doubleBattleDialogue:wallace_steven_double.encounter.1"],
+    victory: ["doubleBattleDialogue:wallace_steven_double.victory.1"],
+  },
+  steven_wallace_double: {
+    encounter: ["doubleBattleDialogue:steven_wallace_double.encounter.1"],
+    victory: ["doubleBattleDialogue:steven_wallace_double.victory.1"],
+  },
+  alder_iris_double: {
+    encounter: ["doubleBattleDialogue:alder_iris_double.encounter.1"],
+    victory: ["doubleBattleDialogue:alder_iris_double.victory.1"],
+  },
+  iris_alder_double: {
+    encounter: ["doubleBattleDialogue:iris_alder_double.encounter.1"],
+    victory: ["doubleBattleDialogue:iris_alder_double.victory.1"],
+  },
+  marnie_piers_double: {
+    encounter: ["doubleBattleDialogue:marnie_piers_double.encounter.1"],
+    victory: ["doubleBattleDialogue:marnie_piers_double.victory.1"],
+  },
+  piers_marnie_double: {
+    encounter: ["doubleBattleDialogue:piers_marnie_double.encounter.1"],
+    victory: ["doubleBattleDialogue:piers_marnie_double.victory.1"],
+  },
+};

src/data/moves/invalid-moves.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { MoveId } from "#enums/move-id";
 
-/** Set of moves that cannot be called by {@linkcode MoveId.METRONOME Metronome} */
+/** Set of moves that cannot be called by {@linkcode MoveId.METRONOME | Metronome}. */
 export const invalidMetronomeMoves: ReadonlySet<MoveId> = new Set([
   MoveId.AFTER_YOU,
   MoveId.ASSIST,
@@ -255,3 +255,28 @@ export const noAbilityTypeOverrideMoves: ReadonlySet<MoveId> = new Set([
   MoveId.TECHNO_BLAST,
   MoveId.HIDDEN_POWER,
 ]);
+
+/** Set of all moves that cannot be copied by {@linkcode Moves.SKETCH}. */
+export const invalidSketchMoves: ReadonlySet<MoveId> = new Set([
+  MoveId.NONE,
+  MoveId.CHATTER,
+  MoveId.MIRROR_MOVE,
+  MoveId.SLEEP_TALK,
+  MoveId.STRUGGLE,
+  MoveId.SKETCH,
+  MoveId.REVIVAL_BLESSING,
+  MoveId.TERA_STARSTORM,
+  MoveId.BREAKNECK_BLITZ__PHYSICAL,
+  MoveId.BREAKNECK_BLITZ__SPECIAL,
+]);
+
+/** Set of all moves that cannot be locked into by {@linkcode Moves.ENCORE}. */
+export const invalidEncoreMoves: ReadonlySet<MoveId> = new Set([
+  MoveId.MIMIC,
+  MoveId.MIRROR_MOVE,
+  MoveId.TRANSFORM,
+  MoveId.STRUGGLE,
+  MoveId.SKETCH,
+  MoveId.SLEEP_TALK,
+  MoveId.ENCORE,
+]);

src/data/moves/pokemon-move.ts

@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ export class PokemonMove {
   public moveId: MoveId;
   public ppUsed: number;
   public ppUp: number;
-  public virtual: boolean;
 
   /**
    * If defined and nonzero, overrides the maximum PP of the move (e.g., due to move being copied by Transform).
@@ -29,11 +28,10 @@ export class PokemonMove {
    */
   public maxPpOverride?: number;
 
-  constructor(moveId: MoveId, ppUsed = 0, ppUp = 0, virtual = false, maxPpOverride?: number) {
+  constructor(moveId: MoveId, ppUsed = 0, ppUp = 0, maxPpOverride?: number) {
     this.moveId = moveId;
     this.ppUsed = ppUsed;
     this.ppUp = ppUp;
-    this.virtual = virtual;
     this.maxPpOverride = maxPpOverride;
   }
 
@@ -47,6 +45,7 @@ export class PokemonMove {
    * @returns `true` if the move can be selected and used by the Pokemon, otherwise `false`.
    */
   isUsable(pokemon: Pokemon, ignorePp = false, ignoreRestrictionTags = false): boolean {
+    // TODO: Add Sky Drop's 1 turn stall
     if (this.moveId && !ignoreRestrictionTags && pokemon.isMoveRestricted(this.moveId, pokemon)) {
       return false;
     }
@@ -88,6 +87,6 @@ export class PokemonMove {
    * @returns A valid {@linkcode PokemonMove} object
    */
   static loadMove(source: PokemonMove | any): PokemonMove {
-    return new PokemonMove(source.moveId, source.ppUsed, source.ppUp, source.virtual, source.maxPpOverride);
+    return new PokemonMove(source.moveId, source.ppUsed, source.ppUp, source.maxPpOverride);
   }
 }

src/data/mystery-encounters/encounters/a-trainers-test-encounter.ts

@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ import i18next from "i18next";
 import type { IEggOptions } from "#app/data/egg";
 import { EggSourceType } from "#enums/egg-source-types";
 import { EggTier } from "#enums/egg-type";
-import { ModifierTier } from "#app/modifier/modifier-tier";
-import { modifierTypes } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { ModifierTier } from "#enums/modifier-tier";
+import { modifierTypes } from "#app/data/data-lists";
 import { CLASSIC_MODE_MYSTERY_ENCOUNTER_WAVES } from "#app/constants";
 
 /** the i18n namespace for the encounter */

src/data/mystery-encounters/encounters/absolute-avarice-encounter.ts

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import type Pokemon from "#app/field/pokemon";
 import { EnemyPokemon } from "#app/field/pokemon";
 import { PokemonMove } from "#app/data/moves/pokemon-move";
 import type { BerryModifierType, PokemonHeldItemModifierType } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
-import { modifierTypes } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { modifierTypes } from "#app/data/data-lists";
 import { MysteryEncounterType } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-type";
 import { SpeciesId } from "#enums/species-id";
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ import type HeldModifierConfig from "#app/@types/held-modifier-config";
 import type { BerryType } from "#enums/berry-type";
 import { Stat } from "#enums/stat";
 import i18next from "i18next";
+import { MoveUseMode } from "#enums/move-use-mode";
 
 /** the i18n namespace for this encounter */
 const namespace = "mysteryEncounters/absoluteAvarice";
@@ -307,7 +308,7 @@ export const AbsoluteAvariceEncounter: MysteryEncounter = MysteryEncounterBuilde
           sourceBattlerIndex: BattlerIndex.ENEMY,
           targets: [BattlerIndex.ENEMY],
           move: new PokemonMove(MoveId.STUFF_CHEEKS),
-          ignorePp: true,
+          useMode: MoveUseMode.IGNORE_PP,
         });
 
         await transitionMysteryEncounterIntroVisuals(true, true, 500);

src/data/mystery-encounters/encounters/an-offer-you-cant-refuse-encounter.ts

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import {
   setEncounterExp,
   updatePlayerMoney,
 } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/utils/encounter-phase-utils";
-import { modifierTypes } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { modifierTypes } from "#app/data/data-lists";
 import { MysteryEncounterType } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-type";
 import { SpeciesId } from "#enums/species-id";
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";

src/data/mystery-encounters/encounters/berries-abound-encounter.ts

@@ -12,7 +12,9 @@ import {
 import type { PlayerPokemon } from "#app/field/pokemon";
 import type Pokemon from "#app/field/pokemon";
 import type { BerryModifierType, ModifierTypeOption } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
-import { ModifierPoolType, modifierTypes, regenerateModifierPoolThresholds } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { regenerateModifierPoolThresholds } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { modifierTypes } from "#app/data/data-lists";
+import { ModifierPoolType } from "#enums/modifier-pool-type";
 import { randSeedInt } from "#app/utils/common";
 import { BattlerTagType } from "#enums/battler-tag-type";
 import { MysteryEncounterType } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-type";

src/data/mystery-encounters/encounters/bug-type-superfan-encounter.ts

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ import {
 } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/mystery-encounter-requirements";
 import { PokemonType } from "#enums/pokemon-type";
 import type { AttackTypeBoosterModifierType, ModifierTypeOption } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
-import { modifierTypes } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { modifierTypes } from "#app/data/data-lists";
 import type { PokemonHeldItemModifier } from "#app/modifier/modifier";
 import {
   AttackTypeBoosterModifier,
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ import {
 import i18next from "i18next";
 import MoveInfoOverlay from "#app/ui/move-info-overlay";
 import { allMoves } from "#app/data/data-lists";
-import { ModifierTier } from "#app/modifier/modifier-tier";
+import { ModifierTier } from "#enums/modifier-tier";
 import { CLASSIC_MODE_MYSTERY_ENCOUNTER_WAVES } from "#app/constants";
 import { getSpriteKeysFromSpecies } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/utils/encounter-pokemon-utils";
 

src/data/mystery-encounters/encounters/clowning-around-encounter.ts

@@ -11,9 +11,9 @@ import {
 import { trainerConfigs } from "#app/data/trainers/trainer-config";
 import { TrainerPartyCompoundTemplate } from "#app/data/trainers/TrainerPartyTemplate";
 import { TrainerPartyTemplate } from "#app/data/trainers/TrainerPartyTemplate";
-import { ModifierTier } from "#app/modifier/modifier-tier";
+import { ModifierTier } from "#enums/modifier-tier";
 import type { PokemonHeldItemModifierType } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
-import { ModifierPoolType, modifierTypes } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { ModifierPoolType } from "#enums/modifier-pool-type";
 import { MysteryEncounterType } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-type";
 import { PartyMemberStrength } from "#enums/party-member-strength";
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
@@ -38,7 +38,6 @@ import i18next from "i18next";
 import type { OptionSelectConfig } from "#app/ui/abstact-option-select-ui-handler";
 import type { PlayerPokemon } from "#app/field/pokemon";
 import { PokemonMove } from "#app/data/moves/pokemon-move";
-import { Ability } from "#app/data/abilities/ability-class";
 import { BerryModifier } from "#app/modifier/modifier";
 import { BerryType } from "#enums/berry-type";
 import { BattlerIndex } from "#enums/battler-index";
@@ -49,6 +48,8 @@ import { CustomPokemonData } from "#app/data/custom-pokemon-data";
 import { CLASSIC_MODE_MYSTERY_ENCOUNTER_WAVES } from "#app/constants";
 import { EncounterAnim } from "#enums/encounter-anims";
 import { Challenges } from "#enums/challenges";
+import { MoveUseMode } from "#enums/move-use-mode";
+import { allAbilities, modifierTypes } from "#app/data/data-lists";
 
 /** the i18n namespace for the encounter */
 const namespace = "mysteryEncounters/clowningAround";
@@ -139,7 +140,7 @@ export const ClowningAroundEncounter: MysteryEncounter = MysteryEncounterBuilder
 
     // Generate random ability for Blacephalon from pool
     const ability = RANDOM_ABILITY_POOL[randSeedInt(RANDOM_ABILITY_POOL.length)];
-    encounter.setDialogueToken("ability", new Ability(ability, 3).name);
+    encounter.setDialogueToken("ability", allAbilities[ability].name);
     encounter.misc = { ability };
 
     // Decide the random types for Blacephalon. They should not be the same.
@@ -209,19 +210,19 @@ export const ClowningAroundEncounter: MysteryEncounter = MysteryEncounterBuilder
             sourceBattlerIndex: BattlerIndex.ENEMY,
             targets: [BattlerIndex.ENEMY_2],
             move: new PokemonMove(MoveId.ROLE_PLAY),
-            ignorePp: true,
+            useMode: MoveUseMode.IGNORE_PP,
           },
           {
             sourceBattlerIndex: BattlerIndex.ENEMY_2,
             targets: [BattlerIndex.PLAYER],
             move: new PokemonMove(MoveId.TAUNT),
-            ignorePp: true,
+            useMode: MoveUseMode.IGNORE_PP,
           },
           {
             sourceBattlerIndex: BattlerIndex.ENEMY_2,
             targets: [BattlerIndex.PLAYER_2],
             move: new PokemonMove(MoveId.TAUNT),
-            ignorePp: true,
+            useMode: MoveUseMode.IGNORE_PP,
           },
         );
 

src/data/mystery-encounters/encounters/dancing-lessons-encounter.ts

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ import type Pokemon from "#app/field/pokemon";
 import { EnemyPokemon } from "#app/field/pokemon";
 import { PokemonMove } from "#app/data/moves/pokemon-move";
 import { CLASSIC_MODE_MYSTERY_ENCOUNTER_WAVES } from "#app/constants";
-import { modifierTypes } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { modifierTypes } from "#app/data/data-lists";
 import PokemonData from "#app/system/pokemon-data";
 import type { OptionSelectItem } from "#app/ui/abstact-option-select-ui-handler";
 import { BattlerTagType } from "#enums/battler-tag-type";
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ import { PokeballType } from "#enums/pokeball";
 import { SpeciesId } from "#enums/species-id";
 import { Stat } from "#enums/stat";
 import i18next from "i18next";
+import { MoveUseMode } from "#enums/move-use-mode";
 
 /** the i18n namespace for this encounter */
 const namespace = "mysteryEncounters/dancingLessons";
@@ -214,7 +215,7 @@ export const DancingLessonsEncounter: MysteryEncounter = MysteryEncounterBuilder
           sourceBattlerIndex: BattlerIndex.ENEMY,
           targets: [BattlerIndex.PLAYER],
           move: new PokemonMove(MoveId.REVELATION_DANCE),
-          ignorePp: true,
+          useMode: MoveUseMode.IGNORE_PP,
         });
 
         await hideOricorioPokemon();

src/data/mystery-encounters/encounters/dark-deal-encounter.ts

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { isNullOrUndefined, randSeedInt } from "#app/utils/common";
 import { MysteryEncounterType } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-type";
 import { SpeciesId } from "#enums/species-id";
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
-import { modifierTypes } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { modifierTypes } from "#app/data/data-lists";
 import { getPokemonSpecies } from "#app/data/pokemon-species";
 import type MysteryEncounter from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/mystery-encounter";
 import { MysteryEncounterBuilder } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/mystery-encounter";

src/data/mystery-encounters/encounters/delibirdy-encounter.ts

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ import {
   PreserveBerryModifier,
 } from "#app/modifier/modifier";
 import type { PokemonHeldItemModifierType } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
-import { modifierTypes } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { modifierTypes } from "#app/data/data-lists";
 import i18next from "#app/plugins/i18n";
 import type { OptionSelectItem } from "#app/ui/abstact-option-select-ui-handler";
 import { randSeedItem } from "#app/utils/common";

src/data/mystery-encounters/encounters/department-store-sale-encounter.ts

@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@ import {
   leaveEncounterWithoutBattle,
   setEncounterRewards,
 } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/utils/encounter-phase-utils";
-import type { ModifierTypeFunc } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
-import { modifierTypes } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import type { ModifierTypeFunc } from "#app/@types/modifier-types";
+import { modifierTypes } from "#app/data/data-lists";
 import { randSeedInt } from "#app/utils/common";
 import { MysteryEncounterType } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-type";
 import { SpeciesId } from "#enums/species-id";

src/data/mystery-encounters/encounters/field-trip-encounter.ts

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import {
 } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/utils/encounter-phase-utils";
 import type { PlayerPokemon } from "#app/field/pokemon";
 import type { PokemonMove } from "#app/data/moves/pokemon-move";
-import { modifierTypes } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { modifierTypes } from "#app/data/data-lists";
 import type { OptionSelectItem } from "#app/ui/abstact-option-select-ui-handler";
 import { MysteryEncounterType } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-type";
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";

src/data/mystery-encounters/encounters/fiery-fallout-encounter.ts

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ import {
   generateModifierType,
 } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/utils/encounter-phase-utils";
 import type { AttackTypeBoosterModifierType } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
-import { modifierTypes } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
 import { MysteryEncounterType } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-type";
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
 import type MysteryEncounter from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/mystery-encounter";
@@ -45,8 +44,9 @@ import { CLASSIC_MODE_MYSTERY_ENCOUNTER_WAVES } from "#app/constants";
 import { AbilityId } from "#enums/ability-id";
 import { BattlerTagType } from "#enums/battler-tag-type";
 import { Stat } from "#enums/stat";
-import { Ability } from "#app/data/abilities/ability-class";
 import { FIRE_RESISTANT_ABILITIES } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/requirements/requirement-groups";
+import { MoveUseMode } from "#enums/move-use-mode";
+import { allAbilities, modifierTypes } from "#app/data/data-lists";
 
 /** the i18n namespace for the encounter */
 const namespace = "mysteryEncounters/fieryFallout";
@@ -201,13 +201,13 @@ export const FieryFalloutEncounter: MysteryEncounter = MysteryEncounterBuilder.w
           sourceBattlerIndex: BattlerIndex.ENEMY,
           targets: [BattlerIndex.PLAYER],
           move: new PokemonMove(MoveId.FIRE_SPIN),
-          ignorePp: true,
+          useMode: MoveUseMode.IGNORE_PP,
         },
         {
           sourceBattlerIndex: BattlerIndex.ENEMY_2,
           targets: [BattlerIndex.PLAYER_2],
           move: new PokemonMove(MoveId.FIRE_SPIN),
-          ignorePp: true,
+          useMode: MoveUseMode.IGNORE_PP,
         },
       );
       await initBattleWithEnemyConfig(globalScene.currentBattle.mysteryEncounter!.enemyPartyConfigs[0]);
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ export const FieryFalloutEncounter: MysteryEncounter = MysteryEncounterBuilder.w
         if (chosenPokemon.trySetStatus(StatusEffect.BURN)) {
           // Burn applied
           encounter.setDialogueToken("burnedPokemon", chosenPokemon.getNameToRender());
-          encounter.setDialogueToken("abilityName", new Ability(AbilityId.HEATPROOF, 3).name);
+          encounter.setDialogueToken("abilityName", allAbilities[AbilityId.HEATPROOF].name);
           queueEncounterMessage(`${namespace}:option.2.target_burned`);
 
           // Also permanently change the burned Pokemon's ability to Heatproof

src/data/mystery-encounters/encounters/fight-or-flight-encounter.ts

@@ -9,13 +9,10 @@ import {
 } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/utils/encounter-phase-utils";
 import { STEALING_MOVES } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/requirements/requirement-groups";
 import type Pokemon from "#app/field/pokemon";
-import { ModifierTier } from "#app/modifier/modifier-tier";
+import { ModifierTier } from "#enums/modifier-tier";
 import type { ModifierTypeOption } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
-import {
-  getPlayerModifierTypeOptions,
-  ModifierPoolType,
-  regenerateModifierPoolThresholds,
-} from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { getPlayerModifierTypeOptions, regenerateModifierPoolThresholds } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { ModifierPoolType } from "#enums/modifier-pool-type";
 import { MysteryEncounterType } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-type";
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
 import type MysteryEncounter from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/mystery-encounter";

src/data/mystery-encounters/encounters/fun-and-games-encounter.ts

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ import { PlayerGender } from "#enums/player-gender";
 import { getPokeballAtlasKey, getPokeballTintColor } from "#app/data/pokeball";
 import { addPokeballOpenParticles } from "#app/field/anims";
 import { SpeciesFormChangeActiveTrigger } from "#app/data/pokemon-forms/form-change-triggers";
-import { modifierTypes } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { modifierTypes } from "#app/data/data-lists";
 import { Nature } from "#enums/nature";
 import { CLASSIC_MODE_MYSTERY_ENCOUNTER_WAVES } from "#app/constants";
 import { isPokemonValidForEncounterOptionSelection } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/utils/encounter-pokemon-utils";

src/data/mystery-encounters/encounters/global-trade-system-encounter.ts

@@ -4,14 +4,11 @@ import {
   setEncounterRewards,
 } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/utils/encounter-phase-utils";
 import { TrainerSlot } from "#enums/trainer-slot";
-import { ModifierTier } from "#app/modifier/modifier-tier";
+import { ModifierTier } from "#enums/modifier-tier";
 import { MusicPreference } from "#app/system/settings/settings";
 import type { ModifierTypeOption } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
-import {
-  getPlayerModifierTypeOptions,
-  ModifierPoolType,
-  regenerateModifierPoolThresholds,
-} from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { getPlayerModifierTypeOptions, regenerateModifierPoolThresholds } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { ModifierPoolType } from "#enums/modifier-pool-type";
 import { MysteryEncounterType } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-type";
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
 import type MysteryEncounter from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/mystery-encounter";

src/data/mystery-encounters/encounters/mysterious-challengers-encounter.ts

@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ import { trainerConfigs } from "#app/data/trainers/trainer-config";
 import { trainerPartyTemplates } from "#app/data/trainers/TrainerPartyTemplate";
 import { TrainerPartyCompoundTemplate } from "#app/data/trainers/TrainerPartyTemplate";
 import { TrainerPartyTemplate } from "#app/data/trainers/TrainerPartyTemplate";
-import { ModifierTier } from "#app/modifier/modifier-tier";
-import { modifierTypes } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { ModifierTier } from "#enums/modifier-tier";
+import { modifierTypes } from "#app/data/data-lists";
 import { MysteryEncounterType } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-type";
 import { PartyMemberStrength } from "#enums/party-member-strength";
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";

src/data/mystery-encounters/encounters/mysterious-chest-encounter.ts

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import {
 } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/utils/encounter-pokemon-utils";
 import { getPokemonSpecies } from "#app/data/pokemon-species";
 import { CLASSIC_MODE_MYSTERY_ENCOUNTER_WAVES } from "#app/constants";
-import { ModifierTier } from "#app/modifier/modifier-tier";
+import { ModifierTier } from "#enums/modifier-tier";
 import { randSeedInt } from "#app/utils/common";
 import { MoveId } from "#enums/move-id";
 import { MysteryEncounterOptionMode } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-option-mode";

src/data/mystery-encounters/encounters/shady-vitamin-dealer-encounter.ts

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import {
 } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/utils/encounter-phase-utils";
 import type { PlayerPokemon } from "#app/field/pokemon";
 import type Pokemon from "#app/field/pokemon";
-import { modifierTypes } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { modifierTypes } from "#app/data/data-lists";
 import { randSeedInt } from "#app/utils/common";
 import { MysteryEncounterType } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-type";
 import { SpeciesId } from "#enums/species-id";

src/data/mystery-encounters/encounters/slumbering-snorlax-encounter.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { STEALING_MOVES } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/requirements/requirement-groups";
 import type { PokemonHeldItemModifierType } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
-import { modifierTypes } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { modifierTypes } from "#app/data/data-lists";
 import { MysteryEncounterType } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-type";
 import { SpeciesId } from "#enums/species-id";
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ import { BerryType } from "#enums/berry-type";
 import { Stat } from "#enums/stat";
 import { CustomPokemonData } from "#app/data/custom-pokemon-data";
 import { randSeedInt } from "#app/utils/common";
+import { MoveUseMode } from "#enums/move-use-mode";
 
 /** i18n namespace for the encounter */
 const namespace = "mysteryEncounters/slumberingSnorlax";
@@ -137,7 +138,7 @@ export const SlumberingSnorlaxEncounter: MysteryEncounter = MysteryEncounterBuil
         sourceBattlerIndex: BattlerIndex.ENEMY,
         targets: [BattlerIndex.PLAYER],
         move: new PokemonMove(MoveId.SNORE),
-        ignorePp: true,
+        useMode: MoveUseMode.IGNORE_PP,
       });
       await initBattleWithEnemyConfig(encounter.enemyPartyConfigs[0]);
     },

src/data/mystery-encounters/encounters/teleporting-hijinks-encounter.ts

@@ -23,7 +23,8 @@ import { MysteryEncounterOptionMode } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-option-mode
 import { BiomeId } from "#enums/biome-id";
 import { getBiomeKey } from "#app/field/arena";
 import { PokemonType } from "#enums/pokemon-type";
-import { getPartyLuckValue, modifierTypes } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { getPartyLuckValue } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { modifierTypes } from "#app/data/data-lists";
 import { TrainerSlot } from "#enums/trainer-slot";
 import { BattlerTagType } from "#enums/battler-tag-type";
 import { getPokemonNameWithAffix } from "#app/messages";

src/data/mystery-encounters/encounters/the-expert-pokemon-breeder-encounter.ts

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ import { EggSourceType } from "#enums/egg-source-types";
 import { EggTier } from "#enums/egg-type";
 import { MysteryEncounterOptionBuilder } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/mystery-encounter-option";
 import { MysteryEncounterOptionMode } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-option-mode";
-import { modifierTypes } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { modifierTypes } from "#app/data/data-lists";
 import { PokemonType } from "#enums/pokemon-type";
 import { getPokeballTintColor } from "#app/data/pokeball";
 

src/data/mystery-encounters/encounters/the-strong-stuff-encounter.ts

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import {
   generateModifierType,
 } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/utils/encounter-phase-utils";
 import type { PokemonHeldItemModifierType } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
-import { modifierTypes } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { modifierTypes } from "#app/data/data-lists";
 import { MysteryEncounterType } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-type";
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
 import type MysteryEncounter from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/mystery-encounter";
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ import { MysteryEncounterTier } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-tier";
 import { CustomPokemonData } from "#app/data/custom-pokemon-data";
 import { Stat } from "#enums/stat";
 import { CLASSIC_MODE_MYSTERY_ENCOUNTER_WAVES } from "#app/constants";
+import { MoveUseMode } from "#enums/move-use-mode";
 
 /** the i18n namespace for the encounter */
 const namespace = "mysteryEncounters/theStrongStuff";
@@ -214,13 +215,13 @@ export const TheStrongStuffEncounter: MysteryEncounter = MysteryEncounterBuilder
           sourceBattlerIndex: BattlerIndex.ENEMY,
           targets: [BattlerIndex.PLAYER],
           move: new PokemonMove(MoveId.GASTRO_ACID),
-          ignorePp: true,
+          useMode: MoveUseMode.IGNORE_PP,
         },
         {
           sourceBattlerIndex: BattlerIndex.ENEMY,
           targets: [BattlerIndex.PLAYER],
           move: new PokemonMove(MoveId.STEALTH_ROCK),
-          ignorePp: true,
+          useMode: MoveUseMode.IGNORE_PP,
         },
       );
 

src/data/mystery-encounters/encounters/the-winstrate-challenge-encounter.ts

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import {
   transitionMysteryEncounterIntroVisuals,
 } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/utils/encounter-phase-utils";
 import type { PokemonHeldItemModifierType } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
-import { modifierTypes } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { modifierTypes } from "#app/data/data-lists";
 import { MysteryEncounterType } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-type";
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
 import type MysteryEncounter from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/mystery-encounter";
@@ -24,11 +24,11 @@ import { PokemonType } from "#enums/pokemon-type";
 import { BerryType } from "#enums/berry-type";
 import { Stat } from "#enums/stat";
 import { SpeciesFormChangeAbilityTrigger } from "#app/data/pokemon-forms/form-change-triggers";
-import { applyPostBattleInitAbAttrs, PostBattleInitAbAttr } from "#app/data/abilities/ability";
+import { applyPostBattleInitAbAttrs } from "#app/data/abilities/apply-ab-attrs";
 import { showEncounterDialogue, showEncounterText } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/utils/encounter-dialogue-utils";
 import { MysteryEncounterMode } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-mode";
 import i18next from "i18next";
-import { ModifierTier } from "#app/modifier/modifier-tier";
+import { ModifierTier } from "#enums/modifier-tier";
 import { CLASSIC_MODE_MYSTERY_ENCOUNTER_WAVES } from "#app/constants";
 import { BattlerTagType } from "#enums/battler-tag-type";
 
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ function endTrainerBattleAndShowDialogue(): Promise<void> {
 
         // Each trainer battle is supposed to be a new fight, so reset all per-battle activation effects
         pokemon.resetBattleAndWaveData();
-        applyPostBattleInitAbAttrs(PostBattleInitAbAttr, pokemon);
+        applyPostBattleInitAbAttrs("PostBattleInitAbAttr", pokemon);
       }
 
       globalScene.phaseManager.unshiftNew("ShowTrainerPhase");

src/data/mystery-encounters/encounters/training-session-encounter.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { Ability } from "#app/data/abilities/ability-class";
+import type { Ability } from "#app/data/abilities/ability";
 import { allAbilities } from "#app/data/data-lists";
 import type { EnemyPartyConfig } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/utils/encounter-phase-utils";
 import {

src/data/mystery-encounters/encounters/trash-to-treasure-encounter.ts

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import {
   transitionMysteryEncounterIntroVisuals,
 } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/utils/encounter-phase-utils";
 import type { PokemonHeldItemModifierType } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
-import { modifierTypes } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { modifierTypes } from "#app/data/data-lists";
 import { MysteryEncounterType } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-type";
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
 import type MysteryEncounter from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/mystery-encounter";
@@ -21,13 +21,14 @@ import { HitHealModifier, PokemonHeldItemModifier, TurnHealModifier } from "#app
 import { applyModifierTypeToPlayerPokemon } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/utils/encounter-pokemon-utils";
 import { showEncounterText } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/utils/encounter-dialogue-utils";
 import i18next from "#app/plugins/i18n";
-import { ModifierTier } from "#app/modifier/modifier-tier";
+import { ModifierTier } from "#enums/modifier-tier";
 import { getPokemonSpecies } from "#app/data/pokemon-species";
 import { MoveId } from "#enums/move-id";
 import { BattlerIndex } from "#enums/battler-index";
 import { PokemonMove } from "#app/data/moves/pokemon-move";
 import { CLASSIC_MODE_MYSTERY_ENCOUNTER_WAVES } from "#app/constants";
 import { randSeedInt } from "#app/utils/common";
+import { MoveUseMode } from "#enums/move-use-mode";
 
 /** the i18n namespace for this encounter */
 const namespace = "mysteryEncounters/trashToTreasure";
@@ -207,13 +208,13 @@ export const TrashToTreasureEncounter: MysteryEncounter = MysteryEncounterBuilde
             sourceBattlerIndex: BattlerIndex.ENEMY,
             targets: [BattlerIndex.PLAYER],
             move: new PokemonMove(MoveId.TOXIC),
-            ignorePp: true,
+            useMode: MoveUseMode.IGNORE_PP,
           },
           {
             sourceBattlerIndex: BattlerIndex.ENEMY,
             targets: [BattlerIndex.ENEMY],
             move: new PokemonMove(MoveId.STOCKPILE),
-            ignorePp: true,
+            useMode: MoveUseMode.IGNORE_PP,
           },
         );
         await initBattleWithEnemyConfig(encounter.enemyPartyConfigs[0]);

src/data/mystery-encounters/encounters/uncommon-breed-encounter.ts

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ import { queueEncounterMessage } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/utils/encoun
 import { BerryModifier } from "#app/modifier/modifier";
 import { Stat } from "#enums/stat";
 import { CLASSIC_MODE_MYSTERY_ENCOUNTER_WAVES } from "#app/constants";
+import { MoveUseMode } from "#enums/move-use-mode";
 
 /** the i18n namespace for the encounter */
 const namespace = "mysteryEncounters/uncommonBreed";
@@ -180,7 +181,7 @@ export const UncommonBreedEncounter: MysteryEncounter = MysteryEncounterBuilder.
           sourceBattlerIndex: BattlerIndex.ENEMY,
           targets: [target],
           move: pokemonMove,
-          ignorePp: true,
+          useMode: MoveUseMode.IGNORE_PP,
         });
       }
 

src/data/mystery-encounters/encounters/weird-dream-encounter.ts

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ import { HiddenAbilityRateBoosterModifier, PokemonFormChangeItemModifier } from
 import { achvs } from "#app/system/achv";
 import { showEncounterText } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/utils/encounter-dialogue-utils";
 import type { PokemonHeldItemModifierType } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
-import { modifierTypes } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { modifierTypes } from "#app/data/data-lists";
 import i18next from "#app/plugins/i18n";
 import {
   doPokemonTransformationSequence,
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ import {
 import { getLevelTotalExp } from "#app/data/exp";
 import { Stat } from "#enums/stat";
 import { Challenges } from "#enums/challenges";
-import { ModifierTier } from "#app/modifier/modifier-tier";
+import { ModifierTier } from "#enums/modifier-tier";
 import { PlayerGender } from "#enums/player-gender";
 import { TrainerType } from "#enums/trainer-type";
 import PokemonData from "#app/system/pokemon-data";

src/data/mystery-encounters/mystery-encounter-requirements.ts

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import { WeatherType } from "#enums/weather-type";
 import type { PlayerPokemon } from "#app/field/pokemon";
 import { AttackTypeBoosterModifier } from "#app/modifier/modifier";
 import type { AttackTypeBoosterModifierType } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
-import { isNullOrUndefined } from "#app/utils/common";
+import { coerceArray, isNullOrUndefined } from "#app/utils/common";
 import type { AbilityId } from "#enums/ability-id";
 import { MoveId } from "#enums/move-id";
 import type { MysteryEncounterType } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-type";
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ export class TimeOfDayRequirement extends EncounterSceneRequirement {
 
   constructor(timeOfDay: TimeOfDay | TimeOfDay[]) {
     super();
-    this.requiredTimeOfDay = Array.isArray(timeOfDay) ? timeOfDay : [timeOfDay];
+    this.requiredTimeOfDay = coerceArray(timeOfDay);
   }
 
   override meetsRequirement(): boolean {
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ export class WeatherRequirement extends EncounterSceneRequirement {
 
   constructor(weather: WeatherType | WeatherType[]) {
     super();
-    this.requiredWeather = Array.isArray(weather) ? weather : [weather];
+    this.requiredWeather = coerceArray(weather);
   }
 
   override meetsRequirement(): boolean {
@@ -360,7 +360,7 @@ export class PersistentModifierRequirement extends EncounterSceneRequirement {
   constructor(heldItem: string | string[], minNumberOfItems = 1) {
     super();
     this.minNumberOfItems = minNumberOfItems;
-    this.requiredHeldItemModifiers = Array.isArray(heldItem) ? heldItem : [heldItem];
+    this.requiredHeldItemModifiers = coerceArray(heldItem);
   }
 
   override meetsRequirement(): boolean {
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ export class SpeciesRequirement extends EncounterPokemonRequirement {
     super();
     this.minNumberOfPokemon = minNumberOfPokemon;
     this.invertQuery = invertQuery;
-    this.requiredSpecies = Array.isArray(species) ? species : [species];
+    this.requiredSpecies = coerceArray(species);
   }
 
   override meetsRequirement(): boolean {
@@ -466,7 +466,7 @@ export class NatureRequirement extends EncounterPokemonRequirement {
     super();
     this.minNumberOfPokemon = minNumberOfPokemon;
     this.invertQuery = invertQuery;
-    this.requiredNature = Array.isArray(nature) ? nature : [nature];
+    this.requiredNature = coerceArray(nature);
   }
 
   override meetsRequirement(): boolean {
@@ -504,7 +504,7 @@ export class TypeRequirement extends EncounterPokemonRequirement {
     this.excludeFainted = excludeFainted;
     this.minNumberOfPokemon = minNumberOfPokemon;
     this.invertQuery = invertQuery;
-    this.requiredType = Array.isArray(type) ? type : [type];
+    this.requiredType = coerceArray(type);
   }
 
   override meetsRequirement(): boolean {
@@ -558,7 +558,7 @@ export class MoveRequirement extends EncounterPokemonRequirement {
     this.excludeDisallowedPokemon = excludeDisallowedPokemon;
     this.minNumberOfPokemon = minNumberOfPokemon;
     this.invertQuery = invertQuery;
-    this.requiredMoves = Array.isArray(moves) ? moves : [moves];
+    this.requiredMoves = coerceArray(moves);
   }
 
   override meetsRequirement(): boolean {
@@ -609,7 +609,7 @@ export class CompatibleMoveRequirement extends EncounterPokemonRequirement {
     super();
     this.minNumberOfPokemon = minNumberOfPokemon;
     this.invertQuery = invertQuery;
-    this.requiredMoves = Array.isArray(learnableMove) ? learnableMove : [learnableMove];
+    this.requiredMoves = coerceArray(learnableMove);
   }
 
   override meetsRequirement(): boolean {
@@ -665,7 +665,7 @@ export class AbilityRequirement extends EncounterPokemonRequirement {
     this.excludeDisallowedPokemon = excludeDisallowedPokemon;
     this.minNumberOfPokemon = minNumberOfPokemon;
     this.invertQuery = invertQuery;
-    this.requiredAbilities = Array.isArray(abilities) ? abilities : [abilities];
+    this.requiredAbilities = coerceArray(abilities);
   }
 
   override meetsRequirement(): boolean {
@@ -710,7 +710,7 @@ export class StatusEffectRequirement extends EncounterPokemonRequirement {
     super();
     this.minNumberOfPokemon = minNumberOfPokemon;
     this.invertQuery = invertQuery;
-    this.requiredStatusEffect = Array.isArray(statusEffect) ? statusEffect : [statusEffect];
+    this.requiredStatusEffect = coerceArray(statusEffect);
   }
 
   override meetsRequirement(): boolean {
@@ -785,7 +785,7 @@ export class CanFormChangeWithItemRequirement extends EncounterPokemonRequiremen
     super();
     this.minNumberOfPokemon = minNumberOfPokemon;
     this.invertQuery = invertQuery;
-    this.requiredFormChangeItem = Array.isArray(formChangeItem) ? formChangeItem : [formChangeItem];
+    this.requiredFormChangeItem = coerceArray(formChangeItem);
   }
 
   override meetsRequirement(): boolean {
@@ -843,7 +843,7 @@ export class CanEvolveWithItemRequirement extends EncounterPokemonRequirement {
     super();
     this.minNumberOfPokemon = minNumberOfPokemon;
     this.invertQuery = invertQuery;
-    this.requiredEvolutionItem = Array.isArray(evolutionItems) ? evolutionItems : [evolutionItems];
+    this.requiredEvolutionItem = coerceArray(evolutionItems);
   }
 
   override meetsRequirement(): boolean {
@@ -908,7 +908,7 @@ export class HeldItemRequirement extends EncounterPokemonRequirement {
     super();
     this.minNumberOfPokemon = minNumberOfPokemon;
     this.invertQuery = invertQuery;
-    this.requiredHeldItemModifiers = Array.isArray(heldItem) ? heldItem : [heldItem];
+    this.requiredHeldItemModifiers = coerceArray(heldItem);
     this.requireTransferable = requireTransferable;
   }
 
@@ -972,7 +972,7 @@ export class AttackTypeBoosterHeldItemTypeRequirement extends EncounterPokemonRe
     super();
     this.minNumberOfPokemon = minNumberOfPokemon;
     this.invertQuery = invertQuery;
-    this.requiredHeldItemTypes = Array.isArray(heldItemTypes) ? heldItemTypes : [heldItemTypes];
+    this.requiredHeldItemTypes = coerceArray(heldItemTypes);
     this.requireTransferable = requireTransferable;
   }
 

src/data/mystery-encounters/mystery-encounter-save-data.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import type { MysteryEncounterType } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-type";
-import { BASE_MYSTERY_ENCOUNTER_SPAWN_WEIGHT } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/mystery-encounters";
+import { BASE_MYSTERY_ENCOUNTER_SPAWN_WEIGHT } from "#app/constants";
 import { isNullOrUndefined } from "#app/utils/common";
 import type { MysteryEncounterTier } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-tier";
 

src/data/mystery-encounters/mystery-encounter.ts

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import type { EnemyPartyConfig } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/utils/encoun
 import type { PlayerPokemon } from "#app/field/pokemon";
 import type { PokemonMove } from "../moves/pokemon-move";
 import type Pokemon from "#app/field/pokemon";
-import { capitalizeFirstLetter, isNullOrUndefined } from "#app/utils/common";
+import { capitalizeFirstLetter, coerceArray, isNullOrUndefined } from "#app/utils/common";
 import type { MysteryEncounterType } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-type";
 import type { MysteryEncounterSpriteConfig } from "#app/field/mystery-encounter-intro";
 import MysteryEncounterIntroVisuals from "#app/field/mystery-encounter-intro";
@@ -29,14 +29,14 @@ import type { GameModes } from "#enums/game-modes";
 import type { EncounterAnim } from "#enums/encounter-anims";
 import type { Challenges } from "#enums/challenges";
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
+import type { MoveUseMode } from "#enums/move-use-mode";
 
 export interface EncounterStartOfBattleEffect {
   sourcePokemon?: Pokemon;
   sourceBattlerIndex?: BattlerIndex;
   targets: BattlerIndex[];
   move: PokemonMove;
-  ignorePp: boolean;
-  followUp?: boolean;
+  useMode: MoveUseMode; // TODO: This should always be ignore PP...
 }
 
 const DEFAULT_MAX_ALLOWED_ENCOUNTERS = 2;
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ export default class MysteryEncounter implements IMysteryEncounter {
    */
   selectedOption?: MysteryEncounterOption;
   /**
-   * Will be set by option select handlers automatically, and can be used to refer to which option was chosen by later phases
+   * Array containing data pertaining to free moves used at the start of a battle mystery envounter.
    */
   startOfBattleEffects: EncounterStartOfBattleEffect[] = [];
   /**
@@ -717,7 +717,7 @@ export class MysteryEncounterBuilder implements Partial<IMysteryEncounter> {
   withAnimations(
     ...encounterAnimations: EncounterAnim[]
   ): this & Required<Pick<IMysteryEncounter, "encounterAnimations">> {
-    const animations = Array.isArray(encounterAnimations) ? encounterAnimations : [encounterAnimations];
+    const animations = coerceArray(encounterAnimations);
     return Object.assign(this, { encounterAnimations: animations });
   }
 
@@ -729,7 +729,7 @@ export class MysteryEncounterBuilder implements Partial<IMysteryEncounter> {
   withDisallowedGameModes(
     ...disallowedGameModes: GameModes[]
   ): this & Required<Pick<IMysteryEncounter, "disallowedGameModes">> {
-    const gameModes = Array.isArray(disallowedGameModes) ? disallowedGameModes : [disallowedGameModes];
+    const gameModes = coerceArray(disallowedGameModes);
     return Object.assign(this, { disallowedGameModes: gameModes });
   }
 
@@ -741,7 +741,7 @@ export class MysteryEncounterBuilder implements Partial<IMysteryEncounter> {
   withDisallowedChallenges(
     ...disallowedChallenges: Challenges[]
   ): this & Required<Pick<IMysteryEncounter, "disallowedChallenges">> {
-    const challenges = Array.isArray(disallowedChallenges) ? disallowedChallenges : [disallowedChallenges];
+    const challenges = coerceArray(disallowedChallenges);
     return Object.assign(this, { disallowedChallenges: challenges });
   }
 

src/data/mystery-encounters/mystery-encounters.ts

@@ -34,42 +34,6 @@ import { GlobalTradeSystemEncounter } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/encount
 import { TheExpertPokemonBreederEncounter } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/encounters/the-expert-pokemon-breeder-encounter";
 import { getBiomeName } from "#app/data/balance/biomes";
 
-/**
- * Spawn chance: (BASE_MYSTERY_ENCOUNTER_SPAWN_WEIGHT + WIGHT_INCREMENT_ON_SPAWN_MISS * <number of missed spawns>) / MYSTERY_ENCOUNTER_SPAWN_MAX_WEIGHT
- */
-export const BASE_MYSTERY_ENCOUNTER_SPAWN_WEIGHT = 3;
-/**
- * The divisor for determining ME spawns, defines the "maximum" weight required for a spawn
- * If spawn_weight === MYSTERY_ENCOUNTER_SPAWN_MAX_WEIGHT, 100% chance to spawn a ME
- */
-export const MYSTERY_ENCOUNTER_SPAWN_MAX_WEIGHT = 256;
-/**
- * When an ME spawn roll fails, WEIGHT_INCREMENT_ON_SPAWN_MISS is added to future rolls for ME spawn checks.
- * These values are cleared whenever the next ME spawns, and spawn weight returns to BASE_MYSTERY_ENCOUNTER_SPAWN_WEIGHT
- */
-export const WEIGHT_INCREMENT_ON_SPAWN_MISS = 3;
-/**
- * Specifies the target average for total ME spawns in a single Classic run.
- * Used by anti-variance mechanic to check whether a run is above or below the target on a given wave.
- */
-export const AVERAGE_ENCOUNTERS_PER_RUN_TARGET = 12;
-/**
- * Will increase/decrease the chance of spawning a ME based on the current run's total MEs encountered vs AVERAGE_ENCOUNTERS_PER_RUN_TARGET
- * Example:
- * AVERAGE_ENCOUNTERS_PER_RUN_TARGET = 17 (expects avg 1 ME every 10 floors)
- * ANTI_VARIANCE_WEIGHT_MODIFIER = 15
- *
- * On wave 20, if 1 ME has been encountered, the difference from expected average is 0 MEs.
- * So anti-variance adds 0/256 to the spawn weight check for ME spawn.
- *
- * On wave 20, if 0 MEs have been encountered, the difference from expected average is 1 ME.
- * So anti-variance adds 15/256 to the spawn weight check for ME spawn.
- *
- * On wave 20, if 2 MEs have been encountered, the difference from expected average is -1 ME.
- * So anti-variance adds -15/256 to the spawn weight check for ME spawn.
- */
-export const ANTI_VARIANCE_WEIGHT_MODIFIER = 15;
-
 export const EXTREME_ENCOUNTER_BIOMES = [
   BiomeId.SEA,
   BiomeId.SEABED,

src/data/mystery-encounters/requirements/can-learn-move-requirement.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import type { MoveId } from "#enums/move-id";
 import type { PlayerPokemon } from "#app/field/pokemon";
 import { PokemonMove } from "#app/data/moves/pokemon-move";
-import { isNullOrUndefined } from "#app/utils/common";
+import { coerceArray, isNullOrUndefined } from "#app/utils/common";
 import { EncounterPokemonRequirement } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/mystery-encounter-requirements";
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
 
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ export class CanLearnMoveRequirement extends EncounterPokemonRequirement {
 
   constructor(requiredMoves: MoveId | MoveId[], options: CanLearnMoveRequirementOptions = {}) {
     super();
-    this.requiredMoves = Array.isArray(requiredMoves) ? requiredMoves : [requiredMoves];
+    this.requiredMoves = coerceArray(requiredMoves);
 
     this.excludeLevelMoves = options.excludeLevelMoves ?? false;
     this.excludeTmMoves = options.excludeTmMoves ?? false;

src/data/mystery-encounters/utils/encounter-phase-utils.ts

@@ -1,12 +1,8 @@
 import type Battle from "#app/battle";
-import { BattlerIndex } from "#enums/battler-index";
 import { BattleType } from "#enums/battle-type";
 import { biomeLinks, BiomePoolTier } from "#app/data/balance/biomes";
 import type MysteryEncounterOption from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/mystery-encounter-option";
-import {
-  AVERAGE_ENCOUNTERS_PER_RUN_TARGET,
-  WEIGHT_INCREMENT_ON_SPAWN_MISS,
-} from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/mystery-encounters";
+import { AVERAGE_ENCOUNTERS_PER_RUN_TARGET, WEIGHT_INCREMENT_ON_SPAWN_MISS } from "#app/constants";
 import { showEncounterText } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/utils/encounter-dialogue-utils";
 import type { PlayerPokemon } from "#app/field/pokemon";
 import type { AiType } from "#enums/ai-type";
@@ -17,18 +13,18 @@ import { FieldPosition } from "#enums/field-position";
 import type { CustomModifierSettings, ModifierType } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
 import {
   getPartyLuckValue,
-  ModifierPoolType,
   ModifierTypeGenerator,
   ModifierTypeOption,
-  modifierTypes,
   regenerateModifierPoolThresholds,
 } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { modifierTypes } from "#app/data/data-lists";
+import { ModifierPoolType } from "#enums/modifier-pool-type";
 import type PokemonData from "#app/system/pokemon-data";
 import type { OptionSelectConfig, OptionSelectItem } from "#app/ui/abstact-option-select-ui-handler";
 import type { PartyOption, PokemonSelectFilter } from "#app/ui/party-ui-handler";
 import { PartyUiMode } from "#app/ui/party-ui-handler";
 import { UiMode } from "#enums/ui-mode";
-import { isNullOrUndefined, randSeedInt, randomString, randSeedItem } from "#app/utils/common";
+import { isNullOrUndefined, randSeedInt, randomString, randSeedItem, coerceArray } from "#app/utils/common";
 import type { BattlerTagType } from "#enums/battler-tag-type";
 import { BiomeId } from "#enums/biome-id";
 import type { TrainerType } from "#enums/trainer-type";
@@ -452,7 +448,7 @@ export async function initBattleWithEnemyConfig(partyConfig: EnemyPartyConfig):
  * @param moves
  */
 export function loadCustomMovesForEncounter(moves: MoveId | MoveId[]) {
-  moves = Array.isArray(moves) ? moves : [moves];
+  moves = coerceArray(moves);
   return Promise.all(moves.map(move => initMoveAnim(move))).then(() => loadMoveAnimAssets(moves));
 }
 
@@ -795,7 +791,7 @@ export function setEncounterRewards(
  * @param useWaveIndex - set to false when directly passing the the full exp value instead of baseExpValue
  */
 export function setEncounterExp(participantId: number | number[], baseExpValue: number, useWaveIndex = true) {
-  const participantIds = Array.isArray(participantId) ? participantId : [participantId];
+  const participantIds = coerceArray(participantId);
 
   globalScene.currentBattle.mysteryEncounter!.doEncounterExp = () => {
     globalScene.phaseManager.unshiftNew("PartyExpPhase", baseExpValue, useWaveIndex, new Set(participantIds));
@@ -977,33 +973,8 @@ export function handleMysteryEncounterBattleStartEffects() {
   ) {
     const effects = encounter.startOfBattleEffects;
     effects.forEach(effect => {
-      let source: EnemyPokemon | Pokemon;
-      if (effect.sourcePokemon) {
-        source = effect.sourcePokemon;
-      } else if (!isNullOrUndefined(effect.sourceBattlerIndex)) {
-        if (effect.sourceBattlerIndex === BattlerIndex.ATTACKER) {
-          source = globalScene.getEnemyField()[0];
-        } else if (effect.sourceBattlerIndex === BattlerIndex.ENEMY) {
-          source = globalScene.getEnemyField()[0];
-        } else if (effect.sourceBattlerIndex === BattlerIndex.ENEMY_2) {
-          source = globalScene.getEnemyField()[1];
-        } else if (effect.sourceBattlerIndex === BattlerIndex.PLAYER) {
-          source = globalScene.getPlayerField()[0];
-        } else if (effect.sourceBattlerIndex === BattlerIndex.PLAYER_2) {
-          source = globalScene.getPlayerField()[1];
-        }
-      } else {
-        source = globalScene.getEnemyField()[0];
-      }
-      globalScene.phaseManager.pushNew(
-        "MovePhase",
-        // @ts-expect-error: source is guaranteed to be defined
-        source,
-        effect.targets,
-        effect.move,
-        effect.followUp,
-        effect.ignorePp,
-      );
+      const source = effect.sourcePokemon ?? globalScene.getField()[effect.sourceBattlerIndex ?? 0];
+      globalScene.phaseManager.pushNew("MovePhase", source, effect.targets, effect.move, effect.useMode);
     });
 
     // Pseudo turn end phase to reset flinch states, Endure, etc.

src/data/mystery-encounters/utils/encounter-pokemon-utils.ts

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ import {
 } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/utils/encounter-dialogue-utils";
 import { getPokemonNameWithAffix } from "#app/messages";
 import type { PokemonHeldItemModifierType } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
-import { modifierTypes } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { modifierTypes } from "#app/data/data-lists";
 import { Gender } from "#app/data/gender";
 import type { PermanentStat } from "#enums/stat";
 import { SummaryUiMode } from "#app/ui/summary-ui-handler";

src/data/phase-priority-queue.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
+import type { Phase } from "#app/phase";
+import { ActivatePriorityQueuePhase } from "#app/phases/activate-priority-queue-phase";
+import type { PostSummonPhase } from "#app/phases/post-summon-phase";
+import { PostSummonActivateAbilityPhase } from "#app/phases/post-summon-activate-ability-phase";
+import { Stat } from "#enums/stat";
+import { BooleanHolder } from "#app/utils/common";
+import { TrickRoomTag } from "#app/data/arena-tag";
+import { DynamicPhaseType } from "#enums/dynamic-phase-type";
+
+/**
+ * Stores a list of {@linkcode Phase}s
+ *
+ * Dynamically updates ordering to always pop the highest "priority", based on implementation of {@linkcode reorder}
+ */
+export abstract class PhasePriorityQueue {
+  protected abstract queue: Phase[];
+
+  /**
+   * Sorts the elements in the queue
+   */
+  public abstract reorder(): void;
+
+  /**
+   * Calls {@linkcode reorder} and shifts the queue
+   * @returns The front element of the queue after sorting
+   */
+  public pop(): Phase | undefined {
+    this.reorder();
+    return this.queue.shift();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Adds a phase to the queue
+   * @param phase The phase to add
+   */
+  public push(phase: Phase): void {
+    this.queue.push(phase);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Removes all phases from the queue
+   */
+  public clear(): void {
+    this.queue.splice(0, this.queue.length);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Priority Queue for {@linkcode PostSummonPhase} and {@linkcode PostSummonActivateAbilityPhase}
+ *
+ * Orders phases first by ability priority, then by the {@linkcode Pokemon}'s effective speed
+ */
+export class PostSummonPhasePriorityQueue extends PhasePriorityQueue {
+  protected override queue: PostSummonPhase[] = [];
+
+  public override reorder(): void {
+    this.queue.sort((phaseA: PostSummonPhase, phaseB: PostSummonPhase) => {
+      if (phaseA.getPriority() === phaseB.getPriority()) {
+        return (
+          (phaseB.getPokemon().getEffectiveStat(Stat.SPD) - phaseA.getPokemon().getEffectiveStat(Stat.SPD)) *
+          (isTrickRoom() ? -1 : 1)
+        );
+      }
+
+      return phaseB.getPriority() - phaseA.getPriority();
+    });
+  }
+
+  public override push(phase: PostSummonPhase): void {
+    super.push(phase);
+    this.queueAbilityPhase(phase);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Queues all necessary {@linkcode PostSummonActivateAbilityPhase}s for each pushed {@linkcode PostSummonPhase}
+   * @param phase The {@linkcode PostSummonPhase} that was pushed onto the queue
+   */
+  private queueAbilityPhase(phase: PostSummonPhase): void {
+    const phasePokemon = phase.getPokemon();
+
+    phasePokemon.getAbilityPriorities().forEach((priority, idx) => {
+      this.queue.push(new PostSummonActivateAbilityPhase(phasePokemon.getBattlerIndex(), priority, !!idx));
+      globalScene.phaseManager.appendToPhase(
+        new ActivatePriorityQueuePhase(DynamicPhaseType.POST_SUMMON),
+        "ActivatePriorityQueuePhase",
+        (p: ActivatePriorityQueuePhase) => p.getType() === DynamicPhaseType.POST_SUMMON,
+      );
+    });
+  }
+}
+
+function isTrickRoom(): boolean {
+  const speedReversed = new BooleanHolder(false);
+  globalScene.arena.applyTags(TrickRoomTag, false, speedReversed);
+  return speedReversed.value;
+}

src/data/pokeball.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
-import { CriticalCatchChanceBoosterModifier } from "#app/modifier/modifier";
 import { NumberHolder } from "#app/utils/common";
 import { PokeballType } from "#enums/pokeball";
 import i18next from "i18next";
@@ -94,7 +93,7 @@ export function getCriticalCaptureChance(modifiedCatchRate: number): number {
   }
   const dexCount = globalScene.gameData.getSpeciesCount(d => !!d.caughtAttr);
   const catchingCharmMultiplier = new NumberHolder(1);
-  globalScene.findModifier(m => m instanceof CriticalCatchChanceBoosterModifier)?.apply(catchingCharmMultiplier);
+  globalScene.findModifier(m => m.is("CriticalCatchChanceBoosterModifier"))?.apply(catchingCharmMultiplier);
   const dexMultiplier =
     globalScene.gameMode.isDaily || dexCount > 800
       ? 2.5

src/data/pokemon-forms/form-change-triggers.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import i18next from "i18next";
-import type { Constructor } from "#app/utils/common";
+import { coerceArray, type Constructor } from "#app/utils/common";
 import type { TimeOfDay } from "#enums/time-of-day";
 import type Pokemon from "#app/field/pokemon";
 import type { SpeciesFormChange } from "#app/data/pokemon-forms";
@@ -125,10 +125,7 @@ export class SpeciesFormChangeStatusEffectTrigger extends SpeciesFormChangeTrigg
 
   constructor(statusEffects: StatusEffect | StatusEffect[], invert = false) {
     super();
-    if (!Array.isArray(statusEffects)) {
-      statusEffects = [statusEffects];
-    }
-    this.statusEffects = statusEffects;
+    this.statusEffects = coerceArray(statusEffects);
     this.invert = invert;
     // this.description = i18next.t("pokemonEvolutions:Forms.statusEffect");
   }

src/data/pokemon-species.ts

@@ -84,13 +84,14 @@ export const normalForm: SpeciesId[] = [
 
 /**
  * Gets the {@linkcode PokemonSpecies} object associated with the {@linkcode SpeciesId} enum given
- * @param species The species to fetch
+ * @param species - The {@linkcode SpeciesId} to fetch.
+ * If an array of `SpeciesId`s is passed (such as for named trainer spawn pools),
+ * one will be selected at random.
  * @returns The associated {@linkcode PokemonSpecies} object
  */
 export function getPokemonSpecies(species: SpeciesId | SpeciesId[]): PokemonSpecies {
-  // If a special pool (named trainers) is used here it CAN happen that they have a array as species (which means choose one of those two). So we catch that with this code block
   if (Array.isArray(species)) {
-    // Pick a random species from the list
+    // TODO: this RNG roll should not be handled by this function
     species = species[Math.floor(Math.random() * species.length)];
   }
   if (species >= 2000) {

src/data/trainers/trainer-config.ts

@@ -1,11 +1,18 @@
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
-import { modifierTypes } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { modifierTypes } from "../data-lists";
 import { PokemonMove } from "../moves/pokemon-move";
-import { toReadableString, isNullOrUndefined, randSeedItem, randSeedInt, randSeedIntRange } from "#app/utils/common";
+import {
+  toReadableString,
+  isNullOrUndefined,
+  randSeedItem,
+  randSeedInt,
+  coerceArray,
+  randSeedIntRange,
+} from "#app/utils/common";
 import { pokemonEvolutions, pokemonPrevolutions } from "#app/data/balance/pokemon-evolutions";
 import { getPokemonSpecies } from "#app/data/pokemon-species";
 import { tmSpecies } from "#app/data/balance/tms";
-import { doubleBattleDialogue } from "#app/data/dialogue";
+import { doubleBattleDialogue } from "../double-battle-dialogue";
 import { TrainerVariant } from "#enums/trainer-variant";
 import { getIsInitialized, initI18n } from "#app/plugins/i18n";
 import i18next from "i18next";
@@ -37,7 +44,7 @@ import { timedEventManager } from "#app/global-event-manager";
 // Type imports
 import type { PokemonSpeciesFilter } from "#app/data/pokemon-species";
 import type PokemonSpecies from "#app/data/pokemon-species";
-import type { ModifierTypeFunc } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import type { ModifierTypeFunc } from "#app/@types/modifier-types";
 import type { EnemyPokemon } from "#app/field/pokemon";
 import type { EvilTeam } from "./evil-admin-trainer-pools";
 import type {
@@ -554,10 +561,7 @@ export class TrainerConfig {
     this.speciesPools = evilAdminTrainerPools[poolName];
 
     signatureSpecies.forEach((speciesPool, s) => {
-      if (!Array.isArray(speciesPool)) {
-        speciesPool = [speciesPool];
-      }
-      this.setPartyMemberFunc(-(s + 1), getRandomPartyMemberFunc(speciesPool));
+      this.setPartyMemberFunc(-(s + 1), getRandomPartyMemberFunc(coerceArray(speciesPool)));
     });
 
     const nameForCall = this.name.toLowerCase().replace(/\s/g, "_");
@@ -620,10 +624,7 @@ export class TrainerConfig {
       this.setPartyTemplates(trainerPartyTemplates.RIVAL_5);
     }
     signatureSpecies.forEach((speciesPool, s) => {
-      if (!Array.isArray(speciesPool)) {
-        speciesPool = [speciesPool];
-      }
-      this.setPartyMemberFunc(-(s + 1), getRandomPartyMemberFunc(speciesPool));
+      this.setPartyMemberFunc(-(s + 1), getRandomPartyMemberFunc(coerceArray(speciesPool)));
     });
     if (!isNullOrUndefined(specialtyType)) {
       this.setSpeciesFilter(p => p.isOfType(specialtyType));
@@ -668,12 +669,8 @@ export class TrainerConfig {
 
     // Set up party members with their corresponding species.
     signatureSpecies.forEach((speciesPool, s) => {
-      // Ensure speciesPool is an array.
-      if (!Array.isArray(speciesPool)) {
-        speciesPool = [speciesPool];
-      }
       // Set a function to get a random party member from the species pool.
-      this.setPartyMemberFunc(-(s + 1), getRandomPartyMemberFunc(speciesPool));
+      this.setPartyMemberFunc(-(s + 1), getRandomPartyMemberFunc(coerceArray(speciesPool)));
     });
 
     // If specialty type is provided, set species filter and specialty type.
@@ -729,12 +726,8 @@ export class TrainerConfig {
 
     // Set up party members with their corresponding species.
     signatureSpecies.forEach((speciesPool, s) => {
-      // Ensure speciesPool is an array.
-      if (!Array.isArray(speciesPool)) {
-        speciesPool = [speciesPool];
-      }
       // Set a function to get a random party member from the species pool.
-      this.setPartyMemberFunc(-(s + 1), getRandomPartyMemberFunc(speciesPool));
+      this.setPartyMemberFunc(-(s + 1), getRandomPartyMemberFunc(coerceArray(speciesPool)));
     });
 
     // Set species filter and specialty type if provided, otherwise filter by base total.

src/data/weather.ts

@@ -5,12 +5,12 @@ import type Pokemon from "../field/pokemon";
 import { PokemonType } from "#enums/pokemon-type";
 import type Move from "./moves/move";
 import { randSeedInt } from "#app/utils/common";
-import { SuppressWeatherEffectAbAttr } from "./abilities/ability";
 import { TerrainType, getTerrainName } from "./terrain";
 import i18next from "i18next";
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
 import type { Arena } from "#app/field/arena";
 import { timedEventManager } from "#app/global-event-manager";
+import type { SuppressWeatherEffectAbAttr } from "./abilities/ability";
 
 export class Weather {
   public weatherType: WeatherType;
@@ -108,10 +108,10 @@ export class Weather {
     for (const pokemon of field) {
       let suppressWeatherEffectAbAttr: SuppressWeatherEffectAbAttr | null = pokemon
         .getAbility()
-        .getAttrs(SuppressWeatherEffectAbAttr)[0];
+        .getAttrs("SuppressWeatherEffectAbAttr")[0];
       if (!suppressWeatherEffectAbAttr) {
         suppressWeatherEffectAbAttr = pokemon.hasPassive()
-          ? pokemon.getPassiveAbility().getAttrs(SuppressWeatherEffectAbAttr)[0]
+          ? pokemon.getPassiveAbility().getAttrs("SuppressWeatherEffectAbAttr")[0]
           : null;
       }
       if (suppressWeatherEffectAbAttr && (!this.isImmutable() || suppressWeatherEffectAbAttr.affectsImmutable)) {

src/enums/battler-tag-lapse-type.ts

@@ -1,12 +1,37 @@
+/**
+ * Enum representing the possible ways a given BattlerTag can activate and/or tick down.
+ * Each tag can have multiple different behaviors attached to different lapse types.
+ */
 export enum BattlerTagLapseType {
+  // TODO: This is unused...
   FAINT,
+  /**
+   * Tag activate before the holder uses a non-virtual move, possibly interrupting its action.
+   * @see MoveUseMode for more information
+   */
   MOVE,
+  /** Tag activates before the holder uses **any** move, triggering effects or interrupting its action. */
   PRE_MOVE,
+  /** Tag activates immediately after the holder's move finishes triggering (successful or not). */
   AFTER_MOVE,
+  /**
+   * Tag activates before move effects are applied.
+   * TODO: Stop using this as a catch-all "semi-invulnerability" tag
+   */
   MOVE_EFFECT,
+  /** Tag activates at the end of the turn. */
   TURN_END,
+  /**
+   * Tag activates after the holder is hit by an attack, but before damage is applied.
+   * Occurs even if the user's {@linkcode SubstituteTag | Substitute} is hit.
+   */
   HIT,
-  /** Tag lapses AFTER_HIT, applying its effects even if the user faints */
+  /**
+   * Tag activates after the holder is directly hit by an attack.
+   * Does **not** occur on hits to the holder's {@linkcode SubstituteTag | Substitute},
+   * but still triggers on being KO'd.
+   */
   AFTER_HIT,
-  CUSTOM
+  /** The tag has some other custom activation or removal condition. */
+  CUSTOM,
 }

src/enums/confirm-ui-mode.ts

@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-// biome-ignore lint/correctness/noUnusedImports: Used in tsdoc
-import type ConfirmUiHandler from "#app/ui/confirm-ui-handler";
-
-/**
- * Used by {@linkcode ConfirmUiHandler} to determine whether the cursor should start on Yes or No
- */
-export const ConfirmUiMode = Object.freeze({
-    /** Start cursor on Yes */
-    DEFAULT_YES: 1,
-    /** Start cursor on No */
-    DEFAULT_NO: 2
-});
-export type ConfirmUiMode = typeof ConfirmUiMode[keyof typeof ConfirmUiMode];

src/enums/dynamic-phase-type.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+/**
+ * Enum representation of the phase types held by implementations of {@linkcode PhasePriorityQueue}
+ */
+export enum DynamicPhaseType {
+  POST_SUMMON
+}

src/enums/modifier-pool-type.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+export enum ModifierPoolType {
+  PLAYER,
+  WILD,
+  TRAINER,
+  ENEMY_BUFF,
+  DAILY_STARTER
+}

src/enums/move-use-mode.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+import type { PostDancingMoveAbAttr } from "#app/data/abilities/ability";
+import type { BattlerTagLapseType } from "#enums/battler-tag-lapse-type";
+
+/**
+ * Enum representing all the possible means through which a given move can be executed.
+ * Each one inherits the properties (or exclusions) of all types preceding it.
+ * Properties newly found on a given use mode will be **bolded**,
+ * while oddities breaking a previous trend will be listed in _italics_.
+
+ * Callers should refrain from performing non-equality checks on `MoveUseMode`s directly,
+ * instead using the available helper functions
+ * ({@linkcode isVirtual}, {@linkcode isIgnoreStatus}, {@linkcode isIgnorePP} and {@linkcode isReflected}).
+ */
+export const MoveUseMode = {
+  /**
+  * This move was used normally (i.e. clicking on the button) or called via Instruct.
+  * It deducts PP from the user's moveset (failing if out of PP), and interacts normally with other moves and abilities.
+  */
+  NORMAL: 1,
+
+  /**
+   * This move was called by an effect that ignores PP, such as a consecutively executed move (e.g. Outrage).
+   *
+   * PP-ignoring moves (as their name implies) **do not consume PP** when used
+   * and **will not fail** if none is left prior to execution.
+   * All other effects remain identical to {@linkcode MoveUseMode.NORMAL}.
+   *
+   * PP can still be reduced by other effects (such as Spite or Eerie Spell).
+   */
+  IGNORE_PP: 2,
+
+  /**
+   * This move was called indirectly by an out-of-turn effect other than Instruct or the user's previous move.
+   * Currently only used by {@linkcode PostDancingMoveAbAttr | Dancer}.
+   *
+   * Indirect moves ignore PP checks similar to {@linkcode MoveUseMode.IGNORE_PP}, but additionally **cannot be copied**
+   * by all move-copying effects (barring reflection).
+   * They are also **"skipped over" by most moveset and move history-related effects** (PP reduction, Last Resort, etc).
+   *
+   * They still respect the user's volatile status conditions and confusion (though will uniquely _cure freeze and sleep before use_).
+   */
+  INDIRECT: 3,
+
+  /**
+    * This move was called as part of another move's effect (such as for most {@link https://bulbapedia.bulbagarden.net/wiki/Category:Moves_that_call_other_moves | Move-calling moves}).
+
+    * Follow-up moves **bypass cancellation** from all **non-volatile status conditions** and **{@linkcode BattlerTagLapseType.MOVE}-type effects**
+    * (having been checked already on the calling move).
+
+    * They are _not ignored_ by other move-calling moves and abilities (unlike {@linkcode MoveUseMode.FOLLOW_UP} and {@linkcode MoveUseMode.REFLECTED}),
+    * but still inherit the former's disregard for moveset-related effects.
+    */
+  FOLLOW_UP: 4,
+
+  /**
+   * This move was reflected by Magic Coat or Magic Bounce.
+
+   * Reflected moves ignore all the same cancellation checks as {@linkcode MoveUseMode.INDIRECT}
+   * and retain the same copy prevention as {@linkcode MoveUseMode.FOLLOW_UP}, but additionally
+   * **cannot be reflected by other reflecting effects**.
+   */
+  REFLECTED: 5
+  // TODO: Add use type TRANSPARENT for Future Sight and Doom Desire to prevent move history pushing
+} as const;
+
+export type MoveUseMode = (typeof MoveUseMode)[keyof typeof MoveUseMode];
+
+// # HELPER FUNCTIONS
+// Please update the markdown tables if any new `MoveUseMode`s get added.
+
+/**
+ * Check if a given {@linkcode MoveUseMode} is virtual (i.e. called by another move or effect).
+ * Virtual moves are ignored by most moveset-related effects due to not being executed directly.
+ * @returns Whether {@linkcode useMode} is virtual.
+ * @remarks
+ * This function is equivalent to the following truth table:
+ *
+ * | Use Type                           | Returns |
+ * |------------------------------------|---------|
+ * | {@linkcode MoveUseMode.NORMAL}     | `false` |
+ * | {@linkcode MoveUseMode.IGNORE_PP}  | `false` |
+ * | {@linkcode MoveUseMode.INDIRECT}   | `true`  |
+ * | {@linkcode MoveUseMode.FOLLOW_UP}  | `true`  |
+ * | {@linkcode MoveUseMode.REFLECTED}  | `true`  |
+ */
+export function isVirtual(useMode: MoveUseMode): boolean {
+  return useMode >= MoveUseMode.INDIRECT
+}
+
+/**
+ * Check if a given {@linkcode MoveUseMode} should ignore pre-move cancellation checks
+ * from {@linkcode StatusEffect.PARALYSIS} and {@linkcode BattlerTagLapseType.MOVE}-type effects.
+ * @param useMode - The {@linkcode MoveUseMode} to check.
+ * @returns Whether {@linkcode useMode} should ignore status and otehr cancellation checks.
+ * @remarks
+ * This function is equivalent to the following truth table:
+ *
+ * | Use Type                           | Returns |
+ * |------------------------------------|---------|
+ * | {@linkcode MoveUseMode.NORMAL}     | `false` |
+ * | {@linkcode MoveUseMode.IGNORE_PP}  | `false` |
+ * | {@linkcode MoveUseMode.INDIRECT}   | `false` |
+ * | {@linkcode MoveUseMode.FOLLOW_UP}  | `true`  |
+ * | {@linkcode MoveUseMode.REFLECTED}  | `true`  |
+ */
+export function isIgnoreStatus(useMode: MoveUseMode): boolean {
+  return useMode >= MoveUseMode.FOLLOW_UP;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Check if a given {@linkcode MoveUseMode} should ignore PP.
+ * PP-ignoring moves will ignore normal PP consumption as well as associated failure checks.
+ * @param useMode - The {@linkcode MoveUseMode} to check.
+ * @returns Whether {@linkcode useMode} ignores PP.
+ * @remarks
+ * This function is equivalent to the following truth table:
+ *
+ * | Use Type                           | Returns |
+ * |------------------------------------|---------|
+ * | {@linkcode MoveUseMode.NORMAL}     | `false` |
+ * | {@linkcode MoveUseMode.IGNORE_PP}  | `true`  |
+ * | {@linkcode MoveUseMode.INDIRECT}   | `true`  |
+ * | {@linkcode MoveUseMode.FOLLOW_UP}  | `true`  |
+ * | {@linkcode MoveUseMode.REFLECTED}  | `true`  |
+ */
+export function isIgnorePP(useMode: MoveUseMode): boolean {
+  return useMode >= MoveUseMode.IGNORE_PP;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Check if a given {@linkcode MoveUseMode} is reflected.
+ * Reflected moves cannot be reflected, copied, or cancelled by status effects,
+ * nor will they trigger {@linkcode PostDancingMoveAbAttr | Dancer}.
+ * @param useMode - The {@linkcode MoveUseMode} to check.
+ * @returns Whether {@linkcode useMode} is reflected.
+ * @remarks
+ * This function is equivalent to the following truth table:
+ *
+ * | Use Type                           | Returns |
+ * |------------------------------------|---------|
+ * | {@linkcode MoveUseMode.NORMAL}     | `false` |
+ * | {@linkcode MoveUseMode.IGNORE_PP}  | `false` |
+ * | {@linkcode MoveUseMode.INDIRECT}   | `false` |
+ * | {@linkcode MoveUseMode.FOLLOW_UP}  | `false` |
+ * | {@linkcode MoveUseMode.REFLECTED}  | `true`  |
+ */
+export function isReflected(useMode: MoveUseMode): boolean {
+  return useMode === MoveUseMode.REFLECTED;
+}

src/enums/unlockables.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+
+export enum Unlockables {
+  ENDLESS_MODE,
+  MINI_BLACK_HOLE,
+  SPLICED_ENDLESS_MODE,
+  EVIOLITE
+}

src/field/arena.ts

@@ -24,10 +24,7 @@ import {
   applyAbAttrs,
   applyPostTerrainChangeAbAttrs,
   applyPostWeatherChangeAbAttrs,
-  PostTerrainChangeAbAttr,
-  PostWeatherChangeAbAttr,
-  TerrainEventTypeChangeAbAttr,
-} from "#app/data/abilities/ability";
+} from "#app/data/abilities/apply-ab-attrs";
 import type Pokemon from "#app/field/pokemon";
 import Overrides from "#app/overrides";
 import { TagAddedEvent, TagRemovedEvent, TerrainChangedEvent, WeatherChangedEvent } from "#app/events/arena";
@@ -265,7 +262,7 @@ export class Arena {
             return 5;
         }
         break;
-      case SpeciesId.LYCANROC:
+      case SpeciesId.LYCANROC: {
         const timeOfDay = this.getTimeOfDay();
         switch (timeOfDay) {
           case TimeOfDay.DAY:
@@ -277,6 +274,7 @@ export class Arena {
             return 1;
         }
         break;
+      }
     }
 
     return 0;
@@ -374,7 +372,7 @@ export class Arena {
         pokemon.findAndRemoveTags(
           t => "weatherTypes" in t && !(t.weatherTypes as WeatherType[]).find(t => t === weather),
         );
-        applyPostWeatherChangeAbAttrs(PostWeatherChangeAbAttr, pokemon, weather);
+        applyPostWeatherChangeAbAttrs("PostWeatherChangeAbAttr", pokemon, weather);
       });
 
     return true;
@@ -463,8 +461,8 @@ export class Arena {
         pokemon.findAndRemoveTags(
           t => "terrainTypes" in t && !(t.terrainTypes as TerrainType[]).find(t => t === terrain),
         );
-        applyPostTerrainChangeAbAttrs(PostTerrainChangeAbAttr, pokemon, terrain);
-        applyAbAttrs(TerrainEventTypeChangeAbAttr, pokemon, null, false);
+        applyPostTerrainChangeAbAttrs("PostTerrainChangeAbAttr", pokemon, terrain);
+        applyAbAttrs("TerrainEventTypeChangeAbAttr", pokemon, null, false);
       });
 
     return true;
@@ -767,6 +765,9 @@ export class Arena {
         );
   }
 
+  // TODO: Add an overload similar to `Array.prototype.find` if the predicate func is of the form
+  // `(x): x is T`
+
   /**
    * Uses {@linkcode findTagsOnSide} to filter (using the parameter function) for specific tags that apply to both sides
    * @param tagPredicate a function mapping {@linkcode ArenaTag}s to `boolean`s

src/field/pokemon-sprite-sparkle-handler.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
 import Pokemon from "./pokemon";
-import { fixedInt, randInt } from "#app/utils/common";
+import { fixedInt, coerceArray, randInt } from "#app/utils/common";
 
 export default class PokemonSpriteSparkleHandler {
   private sprites: Set<Phaser.GameObjects.Sprite>;
@@ -57,9 +57,7 @@ export default class PokemonSpriteSparkleHandler {
   }
 
   add(sprites: Phaser.GameObjects.Sprite | Phaser.GameObjects.Sprite[]): void {
-    if (!Array.isArray(sprites)) {
-      sprites = [sprites];
-    }
+    sprites = coerceArray(sprites);
     for (const s of sprites) {
       if (this.sprites.has(s)) {
         continue;
@@ -69,9 +67,7 @@ export default class PokemonSpriteSparkleHandler {
   }
 
   remove(sprites: Phaser.GameObjects.Sprite | Phaser.GameObjects.Sprite[]): void {
-    if (!Array.isArray(sprites)) {
-      sprites = [sprites];
-    }
+    sprites = coerceArray(sprites);
     for (const s of sprites) {
       this.sprites.delete(s);
     }

src/field/pokemon.ts

@@ -38,9 +38,9 @@ import {
   deltaRgb,
   isBetween,
   randSeedFloat,
-  type nil,
   type Constructor,
   randSeedIntRange,
+  coerceArray,
 } from "#app/utils/common";
 import type { TypeDamageMultiplier } from "#app/data/type";
 import { getTypeDamageMultiplier, getTypeRgb } from "#app/data/type";
@@ -111,61 +111,23 @@ import { WeatherType } from "#enums/weather-type";
 import { NoCritTag, WeakenMoveScreenTag } from "#app/data/arena-tag";
 import { ArenaTagSide } from "#enums/arena-tag-side";
 import type { SuppressAbilitiesTag } from "#app/data/arena-tag";
-import type { Ability } from "#app/data/abilities/ability-class";
-import type { AbAttr } from "#app/data/abilities/ab-attrs/ab-attr";
+import type { Ability } from "#app/data/abilities/ability";
 import {
-  StatMultiplierAbAttr,
-  BlockCritAbAttr,
-  BonusCritAbAttr,
-  BypassBurnDamageReductionAbAttr,
-  FieldPriorityMoveImmunityAbAttr,
-  IgnoreOpponentStatStagesAbAttr,
-  MoveImmunityAbAttr,
-  PreDefendFullHpEndureAbAttr,
-  ReceivedMoveDamageMultiplierAbAttr,
-  StabBoostAbAttr,
-  StatusEffectImmunityAbAttr,
-  TypeImmunityAbAttr,
-  WeightMultiplierAbAttr,
   applyAbAttrs,
   applyStatMultiplierAbAttrs,
   applyPreApplyBattlerTagAbAttrs,
   applyPreAttackAbAttrs,
   applyPreDefendAbAttrs,
   applyPreSetStatusAbAttrs,
-  NoFusionAbilityAbAttr,
-  MultCritAbAttr,
-  IgnoreTypeImmunityAbAttr,
-  DamageBoostAbAttr,
-  IgnoreTypeStatusEffectImmunityAbAttr,
-  ConditionalCritAbAttr,
   applyFieldStatMultiplierAbAttrs,
-  FieldMultiplyStatAbAttr,
-  AddSecondStrikeAbAttr,
-  UserFieldStatusEffectImmunityAbAttr,
-  UserFieldBattlerTagImmunityAbAttr,
-  BattlerTagImmunityAbAttr,
-  MoveTypeChangeAbAttr,
-  FullHpResistTypeAbAttr,
   applyCheckTrappedAbAttrs,
-  CheckTrappedAbAttr,
-  InfiltratorAbAttr,
-  AlliedFieldDamageReductionAbAttr,
-  PostDamageAbAttr,
   applyPostDamageAbAttrs,
-  CommanderAbAttr,
   applyPostItemLostAbAttrs,
-  PostItemLostAbAttr,
   applyOnGainAbAttrs,
-  PreLeaveFieldAbAttr,
   applyPreLeaveFieldAbAttrs,
   applyOnLoseAbAttrs,
-  PreLeaveFieldRemoveSuppressAbilitiesSourceAbAttr,
   applyAllyStatMultiplierAbAttrs,
-  AllyStatMultiplierAbAttr,
-  MoveAbilityBypassAbAttr,
-  PreSummonAbAttr,
-} from "#app/data/abilities/ability";
+} from "#app/data/abilities/apply-ab-attrs";
 import { allAbilities } from "#app/data/data-lists";
 import type PokemonData from "#app/system/pokemon-data";
 import { BattlerIndex } from "#enums/battler-index";
@@ -192,7 +154,7 @@ import type { TrainerSlot } from "#enums/trainer-slot";
 import Overrides from "#app/overrides";
 import i18next from "i18next";
 import { speciesEggMoves } from "#app/data/balance/egg-moves";
-import { ModifierTier } from "#app/modifier/modifier-tier";
+import { ModifierTier } from "#enums/modifier-tier";
 import { applyChallenges } from "#app/data/challenge";
 import { ChallengeType } from "#enums/challenge-type";
 import { AbilityId } from "#enums/ability-id";
@@ -223,12 +185,14 @@ import { doShinySparkleAnim } from "#app/field/anims";
 import { MoveFlags } from "#enums/MoveFlags";
 import { timedEventManager } from "#app/global-event-manager";
 import { loadMoveAnimations } from "#app/sprites/pokemon-asset-loader";
+import { isVirtual, isIgnorePP, MoveUseMode } from "#enums/move-use-mode";
 import { FieldPosition } from "#enums/field-position";
 import { LearnMoveSituation } from "#enums/learn-move-situation";
 import { HitResult } from "#enums/hit-result";
 import { AiType } from "#enums/ai-type";
 import type { MoveResult } from "#enums/move-result";
 import { PokemonMove } from "#app/data/moves/pokemon-move";
+import type { AbAttrMap, AbAttrString } from "#app/@types/ability-types";
 
 /** Base typeclass for damage parameter methods, used for DRY */
 type damageParams = {
@@ -360,7 +324,7 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
     super(globalScene, x, y);
 
     if (!species.isObtainable() && this.isPlayer()) {
-      throw `Cannot create a player Pokemon for species '${species.getName(formIndex)}'`;
+      throw `Cannot create a player Pokemon for species "${species.getName(formIndex)}"`;
     }
 
     this.species = species;
@@ -1403,7 +1367,7 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
     applyMoveAttrs("HighCritAttr", source, this, move, critStage);
     globalScene.applyModifiers(CritBoosterModifier, source.isPlayer(), source, critStage);
     globalScene.applyModifiers(TempCritBoosterModifier, source.isPlayer(), critStage);
-    applyAbAttrs(BonusCritAbAttr, source, null, false, critStage);
+    applyAbAttrs("BonusCritAbAttr", source, null, false, critStage);
     const critBoostTag = source.getTag(CritBoostTag);
     if (critBoostTag) {
       if (critBoostTag instanceof DragonCheerTag) {
@@ -1464,19 +1428,27 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
     // The Ruin abilities here are never ignored, but they reveal themselves on summon anyway
     const fieldApplied = new BooleanHolder(false);
     for (const pokemon of globalScene.getField(true)) {
-      applyFieldStatMultiplierAbAttrs(FieldMultiplyStatAbAttr, pokemon, stat, statValue, this, fieldApplied, simulated);
+      applyFieldStatMultiplierAbAttrs(
+        "FieldMultiplyStatAbAttr",
+        pokemon,
+        stat,
+        statValue,
+        this,
+        fieldApplied,
+        simulated,
+      );
       if (fieldApplied.value) {
         break;
       }
     }
     if (!ignoreAbility) {
-      applyStatMultiplierAbAttrs(StatMultiplierAbAttr, this, stat, statValue, simulated);
+      applyStatMultiplierAbAttrs("StatMultiplierAbAttr", this, stat, statValue, simulated);
     }
 
     const ally = this.getAlly();
     if (!isNullOrUndefined(ally)) {
       applyAllyStatMultiplierAbAttrs(
-        AllyStatMultiplierAbAttr,
+        "AllyStatMultiplierAbAttr",
         ally,
         stat,
         statValue,
@@ -1803,9 +1775,7 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
     let overrideArray: MoveId | Array<MoveId> = this.isPlayer()
       ? Overrides.MOVESET_OVERRIDE
       : Overrides.OPP_MOVESET_OVERRIDE;
-    if (!Array.isArray(overrideArray)) {
-      overrideArray = [overrideArray];
-    }
+    overrideArray = coerceArray(overrideArray);
     if (overrideArray.length > 0) {
       if (!this.isPlayer()) {
         this.moveset = [];
@@ -2059,15 +2029,11 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
    * @param ignoreOverride - Whether to ignore ability changing effects; Default `false`
    * @returns An array of all the ability attributes on this ability.
    */
-  public getAbilityAttrs<T extends AbAttr = AbAttr>(
-    attrType: { new (...args: any[]): T },
-    canApply = true,
-    ignoreOverride = false,
-  ): T[] {
-    const abilityAttrs: T[] = [];
+  public getAbilityAttrs<T extends AbAttrString>(attrType: T, canApply = true, ignoreOverride = false): AbAttrMap[T][] {
+    const abilityAttrs: AbAttrMap[T][] = [];
 
     if (!canApply || this.canApplyAbility()) {
-      abilityAttrs.push(...this.getAbility(ignoreOverride).getAttrs<T>(attrType));
+      abilityAttrs.push(...this.getAbility(ignoreOverride).getAttrs(attrType));
     }
 
     if (!canApply || this.canApplyAbility(true)) {
@@ -2152,7 +2118,7 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
       return false;
     }
     const ability = !passive ? this.getAbility() : this.getPassiveAbility();
-    if (this.isFusion() && ability.hasAttr(NoFusionAbilityAbAttr)) {
+    if (this.isFusion() && ability.hasAttr("NoFusionAbilityAbAttr")) {
       return false;
     }
     const arena = globalScene?.arena;
@@ -2163,10 +2129,10 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
       return false;
     }
     const suppressAbilitiesTag = arena.getTag(ArenaTagType.NEUTRALIZING_GAS) as SuppressAbilitiesTag;
-    const suppressOffField = ability.hasAttr(PreSummonAbAttr);
+    const suppressOffField = ability.hasAttr("PreSummonAbAttr");
     if ((this.isOnField() || suppressOffField) && suppressAbilitiesTag && !suppressAbilitiesTag.isBeingRemoved()) {
-      const thisAbilitySuppressing = ability.hasAttr(PreLeaveFieldRemoveSuppressAbilitiesSourceAbAttr);
-      const hasSuppressingAbility = this.hasAbilityWithAttr(PreLeaveFieldRemoveSuppressAbilitiesSourceAbAttr, false);
+      const thisAbilitySuppressing = ability.hasAttr("PreLeaveFieldRemoveSuppressAbilitiesSourceAbAttr");
+      const hasSuppressingAbility = this.hasAbilityWithAttr("PreLeaveFieldRemoveSuppressAbilitiesSourceAbAttr", false);
       // Neutralizing gas is up - suppress abilities unless they are unsuppressable or this pokemon is responsible for the gas
       // (Balance decided that the other ability of a neutralizing gas pokemon should not be neutralized)
       // If the ability itself is neutralizing gas, don't suppress it (handled through arena tag)
@@ -2207,13 +2173,17 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
    * @param ignoreOverride Whether to ignore ability changing effects; default `false`
    * @returns `true` if an ability with the given {@linkcode AbAttr} is present and active
    */
-  public hasAbilityWithAttr(attrType: Constructor<AbAttr>, canApply = true, ignoreOverride = false): boolean {
+  public hasAbilityWithAttr(attrType: AbAttrString, canApply = true, ignoreOverride = false): boolean {
     if ((!canApply || this.canApplyAbility()) && this.getAbility(ignoreOverride).hasAttr(attrType)) {
       return true;
     }
     return this.hasPassive() && (!canApply || this.canApplyAbility(true)) && this.getPassiveAbility().hasAttr(attrType);
   }
 
+  public getAbilityPriorities(): [number, number] {
+    return [this.getAbility().postSummonPriority, this.getPassiveAbility().postSummonPriority];
+  }
+
   /**
    * Gets the weight of the Pokemon with subtractive modifiers (Autotomize) happening first
    * and then multiplicative modifiers happening after (Heavy Metal and Light Metal)
@@ -2229,7 +2199,7 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
     const weight = new NumberHolder(this.species.weight - weightRemoved);
 
     // This will trigger the ability overlay so only call this function when necessary
-    applyAbAttrs(WeightMultiplierAbAttr, this, null, false, weight);
+    applyAbAttrs("WeightMultiplierAbAttr", this, null, false, weight);
     return Math.max(minWeight, weight.value);
   }
 
@@ -2300,7 +2270,7 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
     const opposingField = opposingFieldUnfiltered.filter(enemyPkm => enemyPkm.switchOutStatus === false);
 
     for (const opponent of opposingField) {
-      applyCheckTrappedAbAttrs(CheckTrappedAbAttr, opponent, trappedByAbility, this, trappedAbMessages, simulated);
+      applyCheckTrappedAbAttrs("CheckTrappedAbAttr", opponent, trappedByAbility, this, trappedAbMessages, simulated);
     }
 
     const side = this.isPlayer() ? ArenaTagSide.PLAYER : ArenaTagSide.ENEMY;
@@ -2322,7 +2292,7 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
     const moveTypeHolder = new NumberHolder(move.type);
 
     applyMoveAttrs("VariableMoveTypeAttr", this, null, move, moveTypeHolder);
-    applyPreAttackAbAttrs(MoveTypeChangeAbAttr, this, null, move, simulated, moveTypeHolder);
+    applyPreAttackAbAttrs("MoveTypeChangeAbAttr", this, null, move, simulated, moveTypeHolder);
 
     // If the user is terastallized and the move is tera blast, or tera starstorm that is stellar type,
     // then bypass the check for ion deluge and electrify
@@ -2387,16 +2357,16 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
 
     const cancelledHolder = cancelled ?? new BooleanHolder(false);
     if (!ignoreAbility) {
-      applyPreDefendAbAttrs(TypeImmunityAbAttr, this, source, move, cancelledHolder, simulated, typeMultiplier);
+      applyPreDefendAbAttrs("TypeImmunityAbAttr", this, source, move, cancelledHolder, simulated, typeMultiplier);
 
       if (!cancelledHolder.value) {
-        applyPreDefendAbAttrs(MoveImmunityAbAttr, this, source, move, cancelledHolder, simulated, typeMultiplier);
+        applyPreDefendAbAttrs("MoveImmunityAbAttr", this, source, move, cancelledHolder, simulated, typeMultiplier);
       }
 
       if (!cancelledHolder.value) {
         const defendingSidePlayField = this.isPlayer() ? globalScene.getPlayerField() : globalScene.getEnemyField();
         defendingSidePlayField.forEach(p =>
-          applyPreDefendAbAttrs(FieldPriorityMoveImmunityAbAttr, p, source, move, cancelledHolder),
+          applyPreDefendAbAttrs("FieldPriorityMoveImmunityAbAttr", p, source, move, cancelledHolder),
         );
       }
     }
@@ -2411,7 +2381,7 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
 
     // Apply Tera Shell's effect to attacks after all immunities are accounted for
     if (!ignoreAbility && move.category !== MoveCategory.STATUS) {
-      applyPreDefendAbAttrs(FullHpResistTypeAbAttr, this, source, move, cancelledHolder, simulated, typeMultiplier);
+      applyPreDefendAbAttrs("FullHpResistTypeAbAttr", this, source, move, cancelledHolder, simulated, typeMultiplier);
     }
 
     if (move.category === MoveCategory.STATUS && move.hitsSubstitute(source, this)) {
@@ -2463,8 +2433,8 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
         }
         if (source) {
           const ignoreImmunity = new BooleanHolder(false);
-          if (source.isActive(true) && source.hasAbilityWithAttr(IgnoreTypeImmunityAbAttr)) {
-            applyAbAttrs(IgnoreTypeImmunityAbAttr, source, ignoreImmunity, simulated, moveType, defType);
+          if (source.isActive(true) && source.hasAbilityWithAttr("IgnoreTypeImmunityAbAttr")) {
+            applyAbAttrs("IgnoreTypeImmunityAbAttr", source, ignoreImmunity, simulated, moveType, defType);
           }
           if (ignoreImmunity.value) {
             if (multiplier.value === 0) {
@@ -3167,7 +3137,7 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
       while (rand > stabMovePool[index][1]) {
         rand -= stabMovePool[index++][1];
       }
-      this.moveset.push(new PokemonMove(stabMovePool[index][0], 0, 0));
+      this.moveset.push(new PokemonMove(stabMovePool[index][0]));
     }
 
     while (baseWeights.length > this.moveset.length && this.moveset.length < 4) {
@@ -3220,7 +3190,7 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
       while (rand > movePool[index][1]) {
         rand -= movePool[index++][1];
       }
-      this.moveset.push(new PokemonMove(movePool[index][0], 0, 0));
+      this.moveset.push(new PokemonMove(movePool[index][0]));
     }
 
     // Trigger FormChange, except for enemy Pokemon during Mystery Encounters, to avoid crashes
@@ -3415,7 +3385,7 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
         }
       }
       if (!ignoreOppAbility) {
-        applyAbAttrs(IgnoreOpponentStatStagesAbAttr, opponent, null, simulated, stat, ignoreStatStage);
+        applyAbAttrs("IgnoreOpponentStatStagesAbAttr", opponent, null, simulated, stat, ignoreStatStage);
       }
       if (move) {
         applyMoveAttrs("IgnoreOpponentStatStagesAttr", this, opponent, move, ignoreStatStage);
@@ -3454,8 +3424,8 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
     const ignoreAccStatStage = new BooleanHolder(false);
     const ignoreEvaStatStage = new BooleanHolder(false);
 
-    applyAbAttrs(IgnoreOpponentStatStagesAbAttr, target, null, false, Stat.ACC, ignoreAccStatStage);
-    applyAbAttrs(IgnoreOpponentStatStagesAbAttr, this, null, false, Stat.EVA, ignoreEvaStatStage);
+    applyAbAttrs("IgnoreOpponentStatStagesAbAttr", target, null, false, Stat.ACC, ignoreAccStatStage);
+    applyAbAttrs("IgnoreOpponentStatStagesAbAttr", this, null, false, Stat.EVA, ignoreEvaStatStage);
     applyMoveAttrs("IgnoreOpponentStatStagesAttr", this, target, sourceMove, ignoreEvaStatStage);
 
     globalScene.applyModifiers(TempStatStageBoosterModifier, this.isPlayer(), Stat.ACC, userAccStage);
@@ -3475,16 +3445,33 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
           : 3 / (3 + Math.min(targetEvaStage.value - userAccStage.value, 6));
     }
 
-    applyStatMultiplierAbAttrs(StatMultiplierAbAttr, this, Stat.ACC, accuracyMultiplier, false, sourceMove);
+    applyStatMultiplierAbAttrs("StatMultiplierAbAttr", this, Stat.ACC, accuracyMultiplier, false, sourceMove);
 
     const evasionMultiplier = new NumberHolder(1);
-    applyStatMultiplierAbAttrs(StatMultiplierAbAttr, target, Stat.EVA, evasionMultiplier);
+    applyStatMultiplierAbAttrs("StatMultiplierAbAttr", target, Stat.EVA, evasionMultiplier);
 
     const ally = this.getAlly();
     if (!isNullOrUndefined(ally)) {
-      const ignore = this.hasAbilityWithAttr(MoveAbilityBypassAbAttr) || sourceMove.hasFlag(MoveFlags.IGNORE_ABILITIES);
-      applyAllyStatMultiplierAbAttrs(AllyStatMultiplierAbAttr, ally, Stat.ACC, accuracyMultiplier, false, this, ignore);
-      applyAllyStatMultiplierAbAttrs(AllyStatMultiplierAbAttr, ally, Stat.EVA, evasionMultiplier, false, this, ignore);
+      const ignore =
+        this.hasAbilityWithAttr("MoveAbilityBypassAbAttr") || sourceMove.hasFlag(MoveFlags.IGNORE_ABILITIES);
+      applyAllyStatMultiplierAbAttrs(
+        "AllyStatMultiplierAbAttr",
+        ally,
+        Stat.ACC,
+        accuracyMultiplier,
+        false,
+        this,
+        ignore,
+      );
+      applyAllyStatMultiplierAbAttrs(
+        "AllyStatMultiplierAbAttr",
+        ally,
+        Stat.EVA,
+        evasionMultiplier,
+        false,
+        this,
+        ignore,
+      );
     }
 
     return accuracyMultiplier.value / evasionMultiplier.value;
@@ -3599,7 +3586,7 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
     applyMoveAttrs("CombinedPledgeStabBoostAttr", source, this, move, stabMultiplier);
 
     if (!ignoreSourceAbility) {
-      applyAbAttrs(StabBoostAbAttr, source, null, simulated, stabMultiplier);
+      applyAbAttrs("StabBoostAbAttr", source, null, simulated, stabMultiplier);
     }
 
     if (source.isTerastallized && sourceTeraType === moveType && moveType !== PokemonType.STELLAR) {
@@ -3748,7 +3735,7 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
     );
     if (!ignoreSourceAbility) {
       applyPreAttackAbAttrs(
-        AddSecondStrikeAbAttr,
+        "AddSecondStrikeAbAttr",
         source,
         this,
         move,
@@ -3766,7 +3753,7 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
 
     /** The damage multiplier when the given move critically hits */
     const criticalMultiplier = new NumberHolder(isCritical ? 1.5 : 1);
-    applyAbAttrs(MultCritAbAttr, source, null, simulated, criticalMultiplier);
+    applyAbAttrs("MultCritAbAttr", source, null, simulated, criticalMultiplier);
 
     /**
      * A multiplier for random damage spread in the range [0.85, 1]
@@ -3787,7 +3774,7 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
     ) {
       const burnDamageReductionCancelled = new BooleanHolder(false);
       if (!ignoreSourceAbility) {
-        applyAbAttrs(BypassBurnDamageReductionAbAttr, source, burnDamageReductionCancelled, simulated);
+        applyAbAttrs("BypassBurnDamageReductionAbAttr", source, burnDamageReductionCancelled, simulated);
       }
       if (!burnDamageReductionCancelled.value) {
         burnMultiplier = 0.5;
@@ -3851,7 +3838,7 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
 
     /** Doubles damage if the attacker has Tinted Lens and is using a resisted move */
     if (!ignoreSourceAbility) {
-      applyPreAttackAbAttrs(DamageBoostAbAttr, source, this, move, simulated, damage);
+      applyPreAttackAbAttrs("DamageBoostAbAttr", source, this, move, simulated, damage);
     }
 
     /** Apply the enemy's Damage and Resistance tokens */
@@ -3864,12 +3851,12 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
 
     /** Apply this Pokemon's post-calc defensive modifiers (e.g. Fur Coat) */
     if (!ignoreAbility) {
-      applyPreDefendAbAttrs(ReceivedMoveDamageMultiplierAbAttr, this, source, move, cancelled, simulated, damage);
+      applyPreDefendAbAttrs("ReceivedMoveDamageMultiplierAbAttr", this, source, move, cancelled, simulated, damage);
 
       const ally = this.getAlly();
       /** Additionally apply friend guard damage reduction if ally has it. */
       if (globalScene.currentBattle.double && !isNullOrUndefined(ally) && ally.isActive(true)) {
-        applyPreDefendAbAttrs(AlliedFieldDamageReductionAbAttr, ally, source, move, cancelled, simulated, damage);
+        applyPreDefendAbAttrs("AlliedFieldDamageReductionAbAttr", ally, source, move, cancelled, simulated, damage);
       }
     }
 
@@ -3877,7 +3864,7 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
     applyMoveAttrs("ModifiedDamageAttr", source, this, move, damage);
 
     if (this.isFullHp() && !ignoreAbility) {
-      applyPreDefendAbAttrs(PreDefendFullHpEndureAbAttr, this, source, move, cancelled, false, damage);
+      applyPreDefendAbAttrs("PreDefendFullHpEndureAbAttr", this, source, move, cancelled, false, damage);
     }
 
     // debug message for when damage is applied (i.e. not simulated)
@@ -3919,13 +3906,13 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
       isCritical.value = true;
     }
     applyMoveAttrs("CritOnlyAttr", source, this, move, isCritical);
-    applyAbAttrs(ConditionalCritAbAttr, source, null, simulated, isCritical, this, move);
+    applyAbAttrs("ConditionalCritAbAttr", source, null, simulated, isCritical, this, move);
     if (!isCritical.value) {
       const critChance = [24, 8, 2, 1][Math.max(0, Math.min(this.getCritStage(source, move), 3))];
       isCritical.value = critChance === 1 || !globalScene.randBattleSeedInt(critChance);
     }
 
-    applyAbAttrs(BlockCritAbAttr, this, null, simulated, isCritical);
+    applyAbAttrs("BlockCritAbAttr", this, null, simulated, isCritical);
 
     return isCritical.value;
   }
@@ -4032,7 +4019,7 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
      * Multi-hits are handled in move-effect-phase.ts for PostDamageAbAttr
      */
     if (!source || source.turnData.hitCount <= 1) {
-      applyPostDamageAbAttrs(PostDamageAbAttr, this, damage, this.hasPassive(), false, [], source);
+      applyPostDamageAbAttrs("PostDamageAbAttr", this, damage, this.hasPassive(), false, [], source);
     }
     return damage;
   }
@@ -4080,11 +4067,11 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
     const stubTag = new BattlerTag(tagType, 0, 0);
 
     const cancelled = new BooleanHolder(false);
-    applyPreApplyBattlerTagAbAttrs(BattlerTagImmunityAbAttr, this, stubTag, cancelled, true);
+    applyPreApplyBattlerTagAbAttrs("BattlerTagImmunityAbAttr", this, stubTag, cancelled, true);
 
     const userField = this.getAlliedField();
     userField.forEach(pokemon =>
-      applyPreApplyBattlerTagAbAttrs(UserFieldBattlerTagImmunityAbAttr, pokemon, stubTag, cancelled, true, this),
+      applyPreApplyBattlerTagAbAttrs("UserFieldBattlerTagImmunityAbAttr", pokemon, stubTag, cancelled, true, this),
     );
 
     return !cancelled.value;
@@ -4100,13 +4087,13 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
     const newTag = getBattlerTag(tagType, turnCount, sourceMove!, sourceId!); // TODO: are the bangs correct?
 
     const cancelled = new BooleanHolder(false);
-    applyPreApplyBattlerTagAbAttrs(BattlerTagImmunityAbAttr, this, newTag, cancelled);
+    applyPreApplyBattlerTagAbAttrs("BattlerTagImmunityAbAttr", this, newTag, cancelled);
     if (cancelled.value) {
       return false;
     }
 
     for (const pokemon of this.getAlliedField()) {
-      applyPreApplyBattlerTagAbAttrs(UserFieldBattlerTagImmunityAbAttr, pokemon, newTag, cancelled, false, this);
+      applyPreApplyBattlerTagAbAttrs("UserFieldBattlerTagImmunityAbAttr", pokemon, newTag, cancelled, false, this);
       if (cancelled.value) {
         return false;
       }
@@ -4122,7 +4109,10 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
   }
 
   /**@overload */
-  getTag(tagType: BattlerTagType.GRUDGE): GrudgeTag | nil;
+  getTag(tagType: BattlerTagType.GRUDGE): GrudgeTag | undefined;
+
+  /** @overload */
+  getTag(tagType: BattlerTagType.SUBSTITUTE): SubstituteTag | undefined;
 
   /** @overload */
   getTag(tagType: BattlerTagType): BattlerTag | undefined;
@@ -4336,10 +4326,41 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
     return moveHistory.slice(0).reverse();
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Return the most recently executed {@linkcode TurnMove} this {@linkcode Pokemon} has used that is:
+   * - Not {@linkcode MoveId.NONE}
+   * - Non-virtual ({@linkcode MoveUseMode | useMode} < {@linkcode MoveUseMode.INDIRECT})
+   * @param ignoreStruggle - Whether to additionally ignore {@linkcode Moves.STRUGGLE}; default `false`
+   * @param ignoreFollowUp - Whether to ignore moves with a use type of {@linkcode MoveUseMode.FOLLOW_UP}
+   * (e.g. ones called by Copycat/Mirror Move); default `true`.
+   * @returns The last move this Pokemon has used satisfying the aforementioned conditions,
+   * or `undefined` if no applicable moves have been used since switching in.
+   */
+  getLastNonVirtualMove(ignoreStruggle = false, ignoreFollowUp = true): TurnMove | undefined {
+    return this.getLastXMoves(-1).find(
+      m =>
+        m.move !== MoveId.NONE &&
+        (!ignoreStruggle || m.move !== MoveId.STRUGGLE) &&
+        (!isVirtual(m.useMode) || (!ignoreFollowUp && m.useMode === MoveUseMode.FOLLOW_UP)),
+    );
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Return this Pokemon's move queue, consisting of all the moves it is slated to perform.
+   * @returns An array of {@linkcode TurnMove}, as described above
+   */
   getMoveQueue(): TurnMove[] {
     return this.summonData.moveQueue;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Add a new entry to the end of this Pokemon's move queue.
+   * @param queuedMove - A {@linkcode TurnMove} to push to this Pokemon's queue.
+   */
+  pushMoveQueue(queuedMove: TurnMove): void {
+    this.summonData.moveQueue.push(queuedMove);
+  }
+
   changeForm(formChange: SpeciesFormChange): Promise<void> {
     return new Promise(resolve => {
       this.formIndex = Math.max(
@@ -4395,14 +4416,16 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
   // biome-ignore lint: there are a ton of issues..
   faintCry(callback: Function): void {
     if (this.fusionSpecies && this.getSpeciesForm() !== this.getFusionSpeciesForm()) {
-      return this.fusionFaintCry(callback);
+      this.fusionFaintCry(callback);
+      return;
     }
 
     const key = this.species.getCryKey(this.formIndex);
     let rate = 0.85;
     const cry = globalScene.playSound(key, { rate: rate }) as AnySound;
     if (!cry || globalScene.fieldVolume === 0) {
-      return callback();
+      callback();
+      return;
     }
     const sprite = this.getSprite();
     const tintSprite = this.getTintSprite();
@@ -4470,7 +4493,8 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
       rate: rate,
     }) as AnySound;
     if (!cry || !fusionCry || globalScene.fieldVolume === 0) {
-      return callback();
+      callback();
+      return;
     }
     fusionCry.stop();
     duration = Math.min(duration, fusionCry.totalDuration * 1000);
@@ -4626,7 +4650,7 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
           // Check if the source Pokemon has an ability that cancels the Poison/Toxic immunity
           const cancelImmunity = new BooleanHolder(false);
           if (sourcePokemon) {
-            applyAbAttrs(IgnoreTypeStatusEffectImmunityAbAttr, sourcePokemon, cancelImmunity, false, effect, defType);
+            applyAbAttrs("IgnoreTypeStatusEffectImmunityAbAttr", sourcePokemon, cancelImmunity, false, effect, defType);
             if (cancelImmunity.value) {
               return false;
             }
@@ -4675,14 +4699,14 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
     }
 
     const cancelled = new BooleanHolder(false);
-    applyPreSetStatusAbAttrs(StatusEffectImmunityAbAttr, this, effect, cancelled, quiet);
+    applyPreSetStatusAbAttrs("StatusEffectImmunityAbAttr", this, effect, cancelled, quiet);
     if (cancelled.value) {
       return false;
     }
 
     for (const pokemon of this.getAlliedField()) {
       applyPreSetStatusAbAttrs(
-        UserFieldStatusEffectImmunityAbAttr,
+        "UserFieldStatusEffectImmunityAbAttr",
         pokemon,
         effect,
         cancelled,
@@ -4839,7 +4863,7 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
     if (globalScene.arena.getTagOnSide(ArenaTagType.SAFEGUARD, defendingSide)) {
       const bypassed = new BooleanHolder(false);
       if (attacker) {
-        applyAbAttrs(InfiltratorAbAttr, attacker, null, false, bypassed);
+        applyAbAttrs("InfiltratorAbAttr", attacker, null, false, bypassed);
       }
       return !bypassed.value;
     }
@@ -4863,7 +4887,7 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
 
     // If this Pokemon has Commander and Dondozo as an active ally, hide this Pokemon's sprite.
     if (
-      this.hasAbilityWithAttr(CommanderAbAttr) &&
+      this.hasAbilityWithAttr("CommanderAbAttr") &&
       globalScene.currentBattle.double &&
       this.getAlly()?.species.speciesId === SpeciesId.DONDOZO
     ) {
@@ -5388,7 +5412,7 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
       this.hideInfo();
     }
     // Trigger abilities that activate upon leaving the field
-    applyPreLeaveFieldAbAttrs(PreLeaveFieldAbAttr, this);
+    applyPreLeaveFieldAbAttrs("PreLeaveFieldAbAttr", this);
     this.setSwitchOutStatus(true);
     globalScene.triggerPokemonFormChange(this, SpeciesFormChangeActiveTrigger, true);
     globalScene.field.remove(this, destroy);
@@ -5448,7 +5472,7 @@ export default abstract class Pokemon extends Phaser.GameObjects.Container {
       globalScene.removeModifier(heldItem, this.isEnemy());
     }
     if (forBattle) {
-      applyPostItemLostAbAttrs(PostItemLostAbAttr, this, false);
+      applyPostItemLostAbAttrs("PostItemLostAbAttr", this, false);
     }
 
     return true;
@@ -5994,7 +6018,7 @@ export class PlayerPokemon extends Pokemon {
   copyMoveset(): PokemonMove[] {
     const newMoveset: PokemonMove[] = [];
     this.moveset.forEach(move => {
-      newMoveset.push(new PokemonMove(move.moveId, 0, move.ppUp, move.virtual, move.maxPpOverride));
+      newMoveset.push(new PokemonMove(move.moveId, 0, move.ppUp, move.maxPpOverride));
     });
 
     return newMoveset;
@@ -6174,33 +6198,39 @@ export class EnemyPokemon extends Pokemon {
    * the Pokemon the move will target.
    * @returns this Pokemon's next move in the format {move, moveTargets}
    */
+  // TODO: split this up and move it elsewhere
   getNextMove(): TurnMove {
-    // If this Pokemon has a move already queued, return it.
+    // If this Pokemon has a usable move already queued, return it,
+    // removing all unusable moves before it in the queue.
     const moveQueue = this.getMoveQueue();
-    if (moveQueue.length !== 0) {
-      const queuedMove = moveQueue[0];
-      if (queuedMove) {
-        const moveIndex = this.getMoveset().findIndex(m => m.moveId === queuedMove.move);
-        if (
-          (moveIndex > -1 && this.getMoveset()[moveIndex].isUsable(this, queuedMove.ignorePP)) ||
-          queuedMove.virtual
-        ) {
-          return queuedMove;
-        }
-        this.getMoveQueue().shift();
-        return this.getNextMove();
+    for (const [i, queuedMove] of moveQueue.entries()) {
+      const movesetMove = this.getMoveset().find(m => m.moveId === queuedMove.move);
+      // If the queued move was called indirectly, ignore all PP and usability checks.
+      // Otherwise, ensure that the move being used is actually usable & in our moveset.
+      // TODO: What should happen if a pokemon forgets a charging move mid-use?
+      if (isVirtual(queuedMove.useMode) || movesetMove?.isUsable(this, isIgnorePP(queuedMove.useMode))) {
+        moveQueue.splice(0, i); // TODO: This should not be done here
+        return queuedMove;
       }
     }
 
+    // We went through the entire queue without a match; clear the entire thing.
+    this.summonData.moveQueue = [];
+
     // Filter out any moves this Pokemon cannot use
     let movePool = this.getMoveset().filter(m => m.isUsable(this));
     // If no moves are left, use Struggle. Otherwise, continue with move selection
     if (movePool.length) {
       // If there's only 1 move in the move pool, use it.
       if (movePool.length === 1) {
-        return { move: movePool[0].moveId, targets: this.getNextTargets(movePool[0].moveId) };
+        return {
+          move: movePool[0].moveId,
+          targets: this.getNextTargets(movePool[0].moveId),
+          useMode: MoveUseMode.NORMAL,
+        };
       }
       // If a move is forced because of Encore, use it.
+      // Said moves are executed normally
       const encoreTag = this.getTag(EncoreTag) as EncoreTag;
       if (encoreTag) {
         const encoreMove = movePool.find(m => m.moveId === encoreTag.moveId);
@@ -6208,6 +6238,7 @@ export class EnemyPokemon extends Pokemon {
           return {
             move: encoreMove.moveId,
             targets: this.getNextTargets(encoreMove.moveId),
+            useMode: MoveUseMode.NORMAL,
           };
         }
       }
@@ -6215,7 +6246,7 @@ export class EnemyPokemon extends Pokemon {
         // No enemy should spawn with this AI type in-game
         case AiType.RANDOM: {
           const moveId = movePool[globalScene.randBattleSeedInt(movePool.length)].moveId;
-          return { move: moveId, targets: this.getNextTargets(moveId) };
+          return { move: moveId, targets: this.getNextTargets(moveId), useMode: MoveUseMode.NORMAL };
         }
         case AiType.SMART_RANDOM:
         case AiType.SMART: {
@@ -6384,14 +6415,20 @@ export class EnemyPokemon extends Pokemon {
             r,
             sortedMovePool.map(m => m.getName()),
           );
-          return { move: sortedMovePool[r]!.moveId, targets: moveTargets[sortedMovePool[r]!.moveId] };
+          return {
+            move: sortedMovePool[r]!.moveId,
+            targets: moveTargets[sortedMovePool[r]!.moveId],
+            useMode: MoveUseMode.NORMAL,
+          };
         }
       }
     }
 
+    // No moves left means struggle
     return {
       move: MoveId.STRUGGLE,
       targets: this.getNextTargets(MoveId.STRUGGLE),
+      useMode: MoveUseMode.IGNORE_PP,
     };
   }
 
@@ -6737,10 +6774,9 @@ interface IllusionData {
 export interface TurnMove {
   move: MoveId;
   targets: BattlerIndex[];
+  useMode: MoveUseMode;
   result?: MoveResult;
-  virtual?: boolean;
   turn?: number;
-  ignorePP?: boolean;
 }
 
 export interface AttackMoveResult {
@@ -6759,6 +6795,12 @@ export interface AttackMoveResult {
 export class PokemonSummonData {
   /** [Atk, Def, SpAtk, SpDef, Spd, Acc, Eva] */
   public statStages: number[] = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0];
+  /**
+   * A queue of moves yet to be executed, used by charging, recharging and frenzy moves.
+   * So long as this array is nonempty, this Pokemon's corresponding `CommandPhase` will be skipped over entirely
+   * in favor of using the queued move.
+   * TODO: Clean up a lot of the code surrounding the move queue.
+   */
   public moveQueue: TurnMove[] = [];
   public tags: BattlerTag[] = [];
   public abilitySuppressed = false;
@@ -6878,7 +6920,6 @@ export class PokemonWaveData {
  * Resets at the start of a new turn, as well as on switch.
  */
 export class PokemonTurnData {
-  public flinched = false;
   public acted = false;
   /** How many times the current move should hit the target(s) */
   public hitCount = 0;
@@ -6900,8 +6941,9 @@ export class PokemonTurnData {
   public failedRunAway = false;
   public joinedRound = false;
   /**
+   * The amount of times this Pokemon has acted again and used a move in the current turn.
    * Used to make sure multi-hits occur properly when the user is
-   * forced to act again in the same turn
+   * forced to act again in the same turn, and **must be incremented** by any effects that grant extra actions.
    */
   public extraTurns = 0;
   /**

src/loading-scene.ts

@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ import { initVouchers } from "#app/system/voucher";
 import { BiomeId } from "#enums/biome-id";
 import { initMysteryEncounters } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/mystery-encounters";
 import { timedEventManager } from "./global-event-manager";
+import { initModifierPools } from "./modifier/init-modifier-pools";
+import { initModifierTypes } from "./modifier/modifier-type";
 
 export class LoadingScene extends SceneBase {
   public static readonly KEY = "loading";
@@ -363,6 +365,9 @@ export class LoadingScene extends SceneBase {
 
     this.loadLoadingScreen();
 
+    initModifierTypes();
+    initModifierPools();
+
     initAchievements();
     initVouchers();
     initStatsKeys();

src/modifier/init-modifier-pools.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,854 @@
+import type Pokemon from "#app/field/pokemon";
+import {
+  dailyStarterModifierPool,
+  enemyBuffModifierPool,
+  modifierPool,
+  trainerModifierPool,
+  wildModifierPool,
+} from "#app/modifier/modifier-pools";
+import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
+import { DoubleBattleChanceBoosterModifier, SpeciesCritBoosterModifier, TurnStatusEffectModifier } from "./modifier";
+import { WeightedModifierType } from "./modifier-type";
+import { ModifierTier } from "../enums/modifier-tier";
+import type { WeightedModifierTypeWeightFunc } from "#app/@types/modifier-types";
+import { modifierTypes } from "#app/data/data-lists";
+import { PokeballType } from "#enums/pokeball";
+import { BerryModifier } from "./modifier";
+import { BerryType } from "#enums/berry-type";
+import { SpeciesId } from "#enums/species-id";
+import { timedEventManager } from "#app/global-event-manager";
+import { pokemonEvolutions } from "#app/data/balance/pokemon-evolutions";
+import { Unlockables } from "#enums/unlockables";
+import { isNullOrUndefined } from "#app/utils/common";
+import { MoveId } from "#enums/move-id";
+import { StatusEffect } from "#enums/status-effect";
+import { AbilityId } from "#enums/ability-id";
+import { MAX_PER_TYPE_POKEBALLS } from "#app/data/pokeball";
+// biome-ignore lint/correctness/noUnusedImports: This is used in a tsdoc comment
+import type { initModifierTypes } from "./modifier-type";
+
+/**
+ * Initialize the wild modifier pool
+ */
+function initWildModifierPool() {
+  wildModifierPool[ModifierTier.COMMON] = [new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.BERRY, 1)].map(m => {
+    m.setTier(ModifierTier.COMMON);
+    return m;
+  });
+  wildModifierPool[ModifierTier.GREAT] = [new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.BASE_STAT_BOOSTER, 1)].map(m => {
+    m.setTier(ModifierTier.GREAT);
+    return m;
+  });
+  wildModifierPool[ModifierTier.ULTRA] = [
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.ATTACK_TYPE_BOOSTER, 10),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.WHITE_HERB, 0),
+  ].map(m => {
+    m.setTier(ModifierTier.ULTRA);
+    return m;
+  });
+  wildModifierPool[ModifierTier.ROGUE] = [new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.LUCKY_EGG, 4)].map(m => {
+    m.setTier(ModifierTier.ROGUE);
+    return m;
+  });
+  wildModifierPool[ModifierTier.MASTER] = [new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.GOLDEN_EGG, 1)].map(m => {
+    m.setTier(ModifierTier.MASTER);
+    return m;
+  });
+}
+
+/**
+ * Initialize the common modifier pool
+ */
+function initCommonModifierPool() {
+  modifierPool[ModifierTier.COMMON] = [
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.POKEBALL, () => (hasMaximumBalls(PokeballType.POKEBALL) ? 0 : 6), 6),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.RARE_CANDY, 2),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.POTION,
+      (party: Pokemon[]) => {
+        const thresholdPartyMemberCount = Math.min(
+          party.filter(p => p.getInverseHp() >= 10 && p.getHpRatio() <= 0.875 && !p.isFainted()).length,
+          3,
+        );
+        return thresholdPartyMemberCount * 3;
+      },
+      9,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.SUPER_POTION,
+      (party: Pokemon[]) => {
+        const thresholdPartyMemberCount = Math.min(
+          party.filter(p => p.getInverseHp() >= 25 && p.getHpRatio() <= 0.75 && !p.isFainted()).length,
+          3,
+        );
+        return thresholdPartyMemberCount;
+      },
+      3,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.ETHER,
+      (party: Pokemon[]) => {
+        const thresholdPartyMemberCount = Math.min(
+          party.filter(
+            p =>
+              p.hp &&
+              !p.getHeldItems().some(m => m instanceof BerryModifier && m.berryType === BerryType.LEPPA) &&
+              p
+                .getMoveset()
+                .filter(m => m.ppUsed && m.getMovePp() - m.ppUsed <= 5 && m.ppUsed > Math.floor(m.getMovePp() / 2))
+                .length,
+          ).length,
+          3,
+        );
+        return thresholdPartyMemberCount * 3;
+      },
+      9,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.MAX_ETHER,
+      (party: Pokemon[]) => {
+        const thresholdPartyMemberCount = Math.min(
+          party.filter(
+            p =>
+              p.hp &&
+              !p.getHeldItems().some(m => m instanceof BerryModifier && m.berryType === BerryType.LEPPA) &&
+              p
+                .getMoveset()
+                .filter(m => m.ppUsed && m.getMovePp() - m.ppUsed <= 5 && m.ppUsed > Math.floor(m.getMovePp() / 2))
+                .length,
+          ).length,
+          3,
+        );
+        return thresholdPartyMemberCount;
+      },
+      3,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.LURE, lureWeightFunc(10, 2)),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.TEMP_STAT_STAGE_BOOSTER, 4),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.BERRY, 2),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.TM_COMMON, 2),
+  ].map(m => {
+    m.setTier(ModifierTier.COMMON);
+    return m;
+  });
+}
+
+/**
+ * Initialize the Great modifier pool
+ */
+function initGreatModifierPool() {
+  modifierPool[ModifierTier.GREAT] = [
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.GREAT_BALL, () => (hasMaximumBalls(PokeballType.GREAT_BALL) ? 0 : 6), 6),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.PP_UP, 2),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.FULL_HEAL,
+      (party: Pokemon[]) => {
+        const statusEffectPartyMemberCount = Math.min(
+          party.filter(
+            p =>
+              p.hp &&
+              !!p.status &&
+              !p.getHeldItems().some(i => {
+                if (i instanceof TurnStatusEffectModifier) {
+                  return (i as TurnStatusEffectModifier).getStatusEffect() === p.status?.effect;
+                }
+                return false;
+              }),
+          ).length,
+          3,
+        );
+        return statusEffectPartyMemberCount * 6;
+      },
+      18,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.REVIVE,
+      (party: Pokemon[]) => {
+        const faintedPartyMemberCount = Math.min(party.filter(p => p.isFainted()).length, 3);
+        return faintedPartyMemberCount * 9;
+      },
+      27,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.MAX_REVIVE,
+      (party: Pokemon[]) => {
+        const faintedPartyMemberCount = Math.min(party.filter(p => p.isFainted()).length, 3);
+        return faintedPartyMemberCount * 3;
+      },
+      9,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.SACRED_ASH,
+      (party: Pokemon[]) => {
+        return party.filter(p => p.isFainted()).length >= Math.ceil(party.length / 2) ? 1 : 0;
+      },
+      1,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.HYPER_POTION,
+      (party: Pokemon[]) => {
+        const thresholdPartyMemberCount = Math.min(
+          party.filter(p => p.getInverseHp() >= 100 && p.getHpRatio() <= 0.625 && !p.isFainted()).length,
+          3,
+        );
+        return thresholdPartyMemberCount * 3;
+      },
+      9,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.MAX_POTION,
+      (party: Pokemon[]) => {
+        const thresholdPartyMemberCount = Math.min(
+          party.filter(p => p.getInverseHp() >= 100 && p.getHpRatio() <= 0.5 && !p.isFainted()).length,
+          3,
+        );
+        return thresholdPartyMemberCount;
+      },
+      3,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.FULL_RESTORE,
+      (party: Pokemon[]) => {
+        const statusEffectPartyMemberCount = Math.min(
+          party.filter(
+            p =>
+              p.hp &&
+              !!p.status &&
+              !p.getHeldItems().some(i => {
+                if (i instanceof TurnStatusEffectModifier) {
+                  return (i as TurnStatusEffectModifier).getStatusEffect() === p.status?.effect;
+                }
+                return false;
+              }),
+          ).length,
+          3,
+        );
+        const thresholdPartyMemberCount = Math.floor(
+          (Math.min(party.filter(p => p.getInverseHp() >= 100 && p.getHpRatio() <= 0.5 && !p.isFainted()).length, 3) +
+            statusEffectPartyMemberCount) /
+            2,
+        );
+        return thresholdPartyMemberCount;
+      },
+      3,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.ELIXIR,
+      (party: Pokemon[]) => {
+        const thresholdPartyMemberCount = Math.min(
+          party.filter(
+            p =>
+              p.hp &&
+              !p.getHeldItems().some(m => m instanceof BerryModifier && m.berryType === BerryType.LEPPA) &&
+              p
+                .getMoveset()
+                .filter(m => m.ppUsed && m.getMovePp() - m.ppUsed <= 5 && m.ppUsed > Math.floor(m.getMovePp() / 2))
+                .length,
+          ).length,
+          3,
+        );
+        return thresholdPartyMemberCount * 3;
+      },
+      9,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.MAX_ELIXIR,
+      (party: Pokemon[]) => {
+        const thresholdPartyMemberCount = Math.min(
+          party.filter(
+            p =>
+              p.hp &&
+              !p.getHeldItems().some(m => m instanceof BerryModifier && m.berryType === BerryType.LEPPA) &&
+              p
+                .getMoveset()
+                .filter(m => m.ppUsed && m.getMovePp() - m.ppUsed <= 5 && m.ppUsed > Math.floor(m.getMovePp() / 2))
+                .length,
+          ).length,
+          3,
+        );
+        return thresholdPartyMemberCount;
+      },
+      3,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.DIRE_HIT, 4),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.SUPER_LURE, lureWeightFunc(15, 4)),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.NUGGET, skipInLastClassicWaveOrDefault(5)),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.SPECIES_STAT_BOOSTER, 4),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.EVOLUTION_ITEM,
+      () => {
+        return Math.min(Math.ceil(globalScene.currentBattle.waveIndex / 15), 8);
+      },
+      8,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.MAP,
+      () => (globalScene.gameMode.isClassic && globalScene.currentBattle.waveIndex < 180 ? 2 : 0),
+      2,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.SOOTHE_BELL, 2),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.TM_GREAT, 3),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.MEMORY_MUSHROOM,
+      (party: Pokemon[]) => {
+        if (!party.find(p => p.getLearnableLevelMoves().length)) {
+          return 0;
+        }
+        const highestPartyLevel = party
+          .map(p => p.level)
+          .reduce((highestLevel: number, level: number) => Math.max(highestLevel, level), 1);
+        return Math.min(Math.ceil(highestPartyLevel / 20), 4);
+      },
+      4,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.BASE_STAT_BOOSTER, 3),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.TERA_SHARD, (party: Pokemon[]) =>
+      party.filter(
+        p =>
+          !(p.hasSpecies(SpeciesId.TERAPAGOS) || p.hasSpecies(SpeciesId.OGERPON) || p.hasSpecies(SpeciesId.SHEDINJA)),
+      ).length > 0
+        ? 1
+        : 0,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.DNA_SPLICERS,
+      (party: Pokemon[]) => {
+        if (party.filter(p => !p.fusionSpecies).length > 1) {
+          if (globalScene.gameMode.isSplicedOnly) {
+            return 4;
+          }
+          if (globalScene.gameMode.isClassic && timedEventManager.areFusionsBoosted()) {
+            return 2;
+          }
+        }
+        return 0;
+      },
+      4,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.VOUCHER,
+      (_party: Pokemon[], rerollCount: number) => (!globalScene.gameMode.isDaily ? Math.max(1 - rerollCount, 0) : 0),
+      1,
+    ),
+  ].map(m => {
+    m.setTier(ModifierTier.GREAT);
+    return m;
+  });
+}
+
+/**
+ * Initialize the Ultra modifier pool
+ */
+function initUltraModifierPool() {
+  modifierPool[ModifierTier.ULTRA] = [
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.ULTRA_BALL, () => (hasMaximumBalls(PokeballType.ULTRA_BALL) ? 0 : 15), 15),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.MAX_LURE, lureWeightFunc(30, 4)),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.BIG_NUGGET, skipInLastClassicWaveOrDefault(12)),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.PP_MAX, 3),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.MINT, 4),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.RARE_EVOLUTION_ITEM,
+      () => Math.min(Math.ceil(globalScene.currentBattle.waveIndex / 15) * 4, 32),
+      32,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.FORM_CHANGE_ITEM,
+      () => Math.min(Math.ceil(globalScene.currentBattle.waveIndex / 50), 4) * 6,
+      24,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.AMULET_COIN, skipInLastClassicWaveOrDefault(3)),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.EVIOLITE, (party: Pokemon[]) => {
+      const { gameMode, gameData } = globalScene;
+      if (gameMode.isDaily || (!gameMode.isFreshStartChallenge() && gameData.isUnlocked(Unlockables.EVIOLITE))) {
+        return party.some(p => {
+          // Check if Pokemon's species (or fusion species, if applicable) can evolve or if they're G-Max'd
+          if (
+            !p.isMax() &&
+            (p.getSpeciesForm(true).speciesId in pokemonEvolutions ||
+              (p.isFusion() && p.getFusionSpeciesForm(true).speciesId in pokemonEvolutions))
+          ) {
+            // Check if Pokemon is already holding an Eviolite
+            return !p.getHeldItems().some(i => i.type.id === "EVIOLITE");
+          }
+          return false;
+        })
+          ? 10
+          : 0;
+      }
+      return 0;
+    }),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.RARE_SPECIES_STAT_BOOSTER, 12),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.LEEK,
+      (party: Pokemon[]) => {
+        const checkedSpecies = [SpeciesId.FARFETCHD, SpeciesId.GALAR_FARFETCHD, SpeciesId.SIRFETCHD];
+        // If a party member doesn't already have a Leek and is one of the relevant species, Leek can appear
+        return party.some(
+          p =>
+            !p.getHeldItems().some(i => i instanceof SpeciesCritBoosterModifier) &&
+            (checkedSpecies.includes(p.getSpeciesForm(true).speciesId) ||
+              (p.isFusion() && checkedSpecies.includes(p.getFusionSpeciesForm(true).speciesId))),
+        )
+          ? 12
+          : 0;
+      },
+      12,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.TOXIC_ORB,
+      (party: Pokemon[]) => {
+        return party.some(p => {
+          const isHoldingOrb = p.getHeldItems().some(i => i.type.id === "FLAME_ORB" || i.type.id === "TOXIC_ORB");
+
+          if (!isHoldingOrb) {
+            const moveset = p
+              .getMoveset(true)
+              .filter(m => !isNullOrUndefined(m))
+              .map(m => m.moveId);
+            const canSetStatus = p.canSetStatus(StatusEffect.TOXIC, true, true, null, true);
+
+            // Moves that take advantage of obtaining the actual status effect
+            const hasStatusMoves = [MoveId.FACADE, MoveId.PSYCHO_SHIFT].some(m => moveset.includes(m));
+            // Moves that take advantage of being able to give the target a status orb
+            // TODO: Take moves (Trick, Fling, Switcheroo) from comment when they are implemented
+            const hasItemMoves = [
+              /* MoveId.TRICK, MoveId.FLING, MoveId.SWITCHEROO */
+            ].some(m => moveset.includes(m));
+
+            if (canSetStatus) {
+              // Abilities that take advantage of obtaining the actual status effect, separated based on specificity to the orb
+              const hasGeneralAbility = [
+                AbilityId.QUICK_FEET,
+                AbilityId.GUTS,
+                AbilityId.MARVEL_SCALE,
+                AbilityId.MAGIC_GUARD,
+              ].some(a => p.hasAbility(a, false, true));
+              const hasSpecificAbility = [AbilityId.TOXIC_BOOST, AbilityId.POISON_HEAL].some(a =>
+                p.hasAbility(a, false, true),
+              );
+              const hasOppositeAbility = [AbilityId.FLARE_BOOST].some(a => p.hasAbility(a, false, true));
+
+              return hasSpecificAbility || (hasGeneralAbility && !hasOppositeAbility) || hasStatusMoves;
+            }
+            return hasItemMoves;
+          }
+
+          return false;
+        })
+          ? 10
+          : 0;
+      },
+      10,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.FLAME_ORB,
+      (party: Pokemon[]) => {
+        return party.some(p => {
+          const isHoldingOrb = p.getHeldItems().some(i => i.type.id === "FLAME_ORB" || i.type.id === "TOXIC_ORB");
+
+          if (!isHoldingOrb) {
+            const moveset = p
+              .getMoveset(true)
+              .filter(m => !isNullOrUndefined(m))
+              .map(m => m.moveId);
+            const canSetStatus = p.canSetStatus(StatusEffect.BURN, true, true, null, true);
+
+            // Moves that take advantage of obtaining the actual status effect
+            const hasStatusMoves = [MoveId.FACADE, MoveId.PSYCHO_SHIFT].some(m => moveset.includes(m));
+            // Moves that take advantage of being able to give the target a status orb
+            // TODO: Take moves (Trick, Fling, Switcheroo) from comment when they are implemented
+            const hasItemMoves = [
+              /* MoveId.TRICK, MoveId.FLING, MoveId.SWITCHEROO */
+            ].some(m => moveset.includes(m));
+
+            if (canSetStatus) {
+              // Abilities that take advantage of obtaining the actual status effect, separated based on specificity to the orb
+              const hasGeneralAbility = [
+                AbilityId.QUICK_FEET,
+                AbilityId.GUTS,
+                AbilityId.MARVEL_SCALE,
+                AbilityId.MAGIC_GUARD,
+              ].some(a => p.hasAbility(a, false, true));
+              const hasSpecificAbility = [AbilityId.FLARE_BOOST].some(a => p.hasAbility(a, false, true));
+              const hasOppositeAbility = [AbilityId.TOXIC_BOOST, AbilityId.POISON_HEAL].some(a =>
+                p.hasAbility(a, false, true),
+              );
+
+              return hasSpecificAbility || (hasGeneralAbility && !hasOppositeAbility) || hasStatusMoves;
+            }
+            return hasItemMoves;
+          }
+
+          return false;
+        })
+          ? 10
+          : 0;
+      },
+      10,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.MYSTICAL_ROCK,
+      (party: Pokemon[]) => {
+        return party.some(p => {
+          let isHoldingMax = false;
+          for (const i of p.getHeldItems()) {
+            if (i.type.id === "MYSTICAL_ROCK") {
+              isHoldingMax = i.getStackCount() === i.getMaxStackCount();
+              break;
+            }
+          }
+
+          if (!isHoldingMax) {
+            const moveset = p.getMoveset(true).map(m => m.moveId);
+
+            const hasAbility = [
+              AbilityId.DROUGHT,
+              AbilityId.ORICHALCUM_PULSE,
+              AbilityId.DRIZZLE,
+              AbilityId.SAND_STREAM,
+              AbilityId.SAND_SPIT,
+              AbilityId.SNOW_WARNING,
+              AbilityId.ELECTRIC_SURGE,
+              AbilityId.HADRON_ENGINE,
+              AbilityId.PSYCHIC_SURGE,
+              AbilityId.GRASSY_SURGE,
+              AbilityId.SEED_SOWER,
+              AbilityId.MISTY_SURGE,
+            ].some(a => p.hasAbility(a, false, true));
+
+            const hasMoves = [
+              MoveId.SUNNY_DAY,
+              MoveId.RAIN_DANCE,
+              MoveId.SANDSTORM,
+              MoveId.SNOWSCAPE,
+              MoveId.HAIL,
+              MoveId.CHILLY_RECEPTION,
+              MoveId.ELECTRIC_TERRAIN,
+              MoveId.PSYCHIC_TERRAIN,
+              MoveId.GRASSY_TERRAIN,
+              MoveId.MISTY_TERRAIN,
+            ].some(m => moveset.includes(m));
+
+            return hasAbility || hasMoves;
+          }
+          return false;
+        })
+          ? 10
+          : 0;
+      },
+      10,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.REVIVER_SEED, 4),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.CANDY_JAR, skipInLastClassicWaveOrDefault(5)),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.ATTACK_TYPE_BOOSTER, 9),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.TM_ULTRA, 11),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.RARER_CANDY, 4),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.GOLDEN_PUNCH, skipInLastClassicWaveOrDefault(2)),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.IV_SCANNER, skipInLastClassicWaveOrDefault(4)),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.EXP_CHARM, skipInLastClassicWaveOrDefault(8)),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.EXP_SHARE, skipInLastClassicWaveOrDefault(10)),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.TERA_ORB,
+      () =>
+        !globalScene.gameMode.isClassic
+          ? Math.min(Math.max(Math.floor(globalScene.currentBattle.waveIndex / 50) * 2, 1), 4)
+          : 0,
+      4,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.QUICK_CLAW, 3),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.WIDE_LENS, 7),
+  ].map(m => {
+    m.setTier(ModifierTier.ULTRA);
+    return m;
+  });
+}
+
+function initRogueModifierPool() {
+  modifierPool[ModifierTier.ROGUE] = [
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.ROGUE_BALL, () => (hasMaximumBalls(PokeballType.ROGUE_BALL) ? 0 : 16), 16),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.RELIC_GOLD, skipInLastClassicWaveOrDefault(2)),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.LEFTOVERS, 3),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.SHELL_BELL, 3),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.BERRY_POUCH, 4),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.GRIP_CLAW, 5),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.SCOPE_LENS, 4),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.BATON, 2),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.SOUL_DEW, 7),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.CATCHING_CHARM, () => (!globalScene.gameMode.isClassic ? 4 : 0), 4),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.ABILITY_CHARM, skipInClassicAfterWave(189, 6)),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.FOCUS_BAND, 5),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.KINGS_ROCK, 3),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.LOCK_CAPSULE, () => (globalScene.gameMode.isClassic ? 0 : 3)),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.SUPER_EXP_CHARM, skipInLastClassicWaveOrDefault(8)),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.RARE_FORM_CHANGE_ITEM,
+      () => Math.min(Math.ceil(globalScene.currentBattle.waveIndex / 50), 4) * 6,
+      24,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.MEGA_BRACELET,
+      () => Math.min(Math.ceil(globalScene.currentBattle.waveIndex / 50), 4) * 9,
+      36,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.DYNAMAX_BAND,
+      () => Math.min(Math.ceil(globalScene.currentBattle.waveIndex / 50), 4) * 9,
+      36,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.VOUCHER_PLUS,
+      (_party: Pokemon[], rerollCount: number) =>
+        !globalScene.gameMode.isDaily ? Math.max(3 - rerollCount * 1, 0) : 0,
+      3,
+    ),
+  ].map(m => {
+    m.setTier(ModifierTier.ROGUE);
+    return m;
+  });
+}
+
+/**
+ * Initialize the Master modifier pool
+ */
+function initMasterModifierPool() {
+  modifierPool[ModifierTier.MASTER] = [
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.MASTER_BALL, () => (hasMaximumBalls(PokeballType.MASTER_BALL) ? 0 : 24), 24),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.SHINY_CHARM, 14),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.HEALING_CHARM, 18),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.MULTI_LENS, 18),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.VOUCHER_PREMIUM,
+      (_party: Pokemon[], rerollCount: number) =>
+        !globalScene.gameMode.isDaily && !globalScene.gameMode.isEndless && !globalScene.gameMode.isSplicedOnly
+          ? Math.max(5 - rerollCount * 2, 0)
+          : 0,
+      5,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.DNA_SPLICERS,
+      (party: Pokemon[]) =>
+        !(globalScene.gameMode.isClassic && timedEventManager.areFusionsBoosted()) &&
+        !globalScene.gameMode.isSplicedOnly &&
+        party.filter(p => !p.fusionSpecies).length > 1
+          ? 24
+          : 0,
+      24,
+    ),
+    new WeightedModifierType(
+      modifierTypes.MINI_BLACK_HOLE,
+      () =>
+        globalScene.gameMode.isDaily ||
+        (!globalScene.gameMode.isFreshStartChallenge() && globalScene.gameData.isUnlocked(Unlockables.MINI_BLACK_HOLE))
+          ? 1
+          : 0,
+      1,
+    ),
+  ].map(m => {
+    m.setTier(ModifierTier.MASTER);
+    return m;
+  });
+}
+
+function initTrainerModifierPool() {
+  trainerModifierPool[ModifierTier.COMMON] = [
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.BERRY, 8),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.BASE_STAT_BOOSTER, 3),
+  ].map(m => {
+    m.setTier(ModifierTier.COMMON);
+    return m;
+  });
+  trainerModifierPool[ModifierTier.GREAT] = [new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.BASE_STAT_BOOSTER, 3)].map(m => {
+    m.setTier(ModifierTier.GREAT);
+    return m;
+  });
+  trainerModifierPool[ModifierTier.ULTRA] = [
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.ATTACK_TYPE_BOOSTER, 10),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.WHITE_HERB, 0),
+  ].map(m => {
+    m.setTier(ModifierTier.ULTRA);
+    return m;
+  });
+  trainerModifierPool[ModifierTier.ROGUE] = [
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.FOCUS_BAND, 2),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.LUCKY_EGG, 4),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.QUICK_CLAW, 1),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.GRIP_CLAW, 1),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.WIDE_LENS, 1),
+  ].map(m => {
+    m.setTier(ModifierTier.ROGUE);
+    return m;
+  });
+  trainerModifierPool[ModifierTier.MASTER] = [
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.KINGS_ROCK, 1),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.LEFTOVERS, 1),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.SHELL_BELL, 1),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.SCOPE_LENS, 1),
+  ].map(m => {
+    m.setTier(ModifierTier.MASTER);
+    return m;
+  });
+}
+
+/**
+ * Initialize the enemy buff modifier pool
+ */
+function initEnemyBuffModifierPool() {
+  enemyBuffModifierPool[ModifierTier.COMMON] = [
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.ENEMY_DAMAGE_BOOSTER, 9),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.ENEMY_DAMAGE_REDUCTION, 9),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.ENEMY_ATTACK_POISON_CHANCE, 3),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.ENEMY_ATTACK_PARALYZE_CHANCE, 3),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.ENEMY_ATTACK_BURN_CHANCE, 3),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.ENEMY_STATUS_EFFECT_HEAL_CHANCE, 9),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.ENEMY_ENDURE_CHANCE, 4),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.ENEMY_FUSED_CHANCE, 1),
+  ].map(m => {
+    m.setTier(ModifierTier.COMMON);
+    return m;
+  });
+  enemyBuffModifierPool[ModifierTier.GREAT] = [
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.ENEMY_DAMAGE_BOOSTER, 5),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.ENEMY_DAMAGE_REDUCTION, 5),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.ENEMY_STATUS_EFFECT_HEAL_CHANCE, 5),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.ENEMY_ENDURE_CHANCE, 5),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.ENEMY_FUSED_CHANCE, 1),
+  ].map(m => {
+    m.setTier(ModifierTier.GREAT);
+    return m;
+  });
+  enemyBuffModifierPool[ModifierTier.ULTRA] = [
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.ENEMY_DAMAGE_BOOSTER, 10),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.ENEMY_DAMAGE_REDUCTION, 10),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.ENEMY_HEAL, 10),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.ENEMY_STATUS_EFFECT_HEAL_CHANCE, 10),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.ENEMY_ENDURE_CHANCE, 10),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.ENEMY_FUSED_CHANCE, 5),
+  ].map(m => {
+    m.setTier(ModifierTier.ULTRA);
+    return m;
+  });
+  enemyBuffModifierPool[ModifierTier.ROGUE] = [].map((m: WeightedModifierType) => {
+    m.setTier(ModifierTier.ROGUE);
+    return m;
+  });
+  enemyBuffModifierPool[ModifierTier.MASTER] = [].map((m: WeightedModifierType) => {
+    m.setTier(ModifierTier.MASTER);
+    return m;
+  });
+}
+
+/**
+ * Initialize the daily starter modifier pool
+ */
+function initDailyStarterModifierPool() {
+  dailyStarterModifierPool[ModifierTier.COMMON] = [
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.BASE_STAT_BOOSTER, 1),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.BERRY, 3),
+  ].map(m => {
+    m.setTier(ModifierTier.COMMON);
+    return m;
+  });
+  dailyStarterModifierPool[ModifierTier.GREAT] = [new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.ATTACK_TYPE_BOOSTER, 5)].map(
+    m => {
+      m.setTier(ModifierTier.GREAT);
+      return m;
+    },
+  );
+  dailyStarterModifierPool[ModifierTier.ULTRA] = [
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.REVIVER_SEED, 4),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.SOOTHE_BELL, 1),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.SOUL_DEW, 1),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.GOLDEN_PUNCH, 1),
+  ].map(m => {
+    m.setTier(ModifierTier.ULTRA);
+    return m;
+  });
+  dailyStarterModifierPool[ModifierTier.ROGUE] = [
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.GRIP_CLAW, 5),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.BATON, 2),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.FOCUS_BAND, 5),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.QUICK_CLAW, 3),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.KINGS_ROCK, 3),
+  ].map(m => {
+    m.setTier(ModifierTier.ROGUE);
+    return m;
+  });
+  dailyStarterModifierPool[ModifierTier.MASTER] = [
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.LEFTOVERS, 1),
+    new WeightedModifierType(modifierTypes.SHELL_BELL, 1),
+  ].map(m => {
+    m.setTier(ModifierTier.MASTER);
+    return m;
+  });
+}
+
+/**
+ * Initialize {@linkcode modifierPool} with the initial set of modifier types.
+ * {@linkcode initModifierTypes} MUST be called before this function.
+ */
+export function initModifierPools() {
+  // The modifier pools the player chooses from during modifier selection
+  initCommonModifierPool();
+  initGreatModifierPool();
+  initUltraModifierPool();
+  initRogueModifierPool();
+  initMasterModifierPool();
+
+  // Modifier pools for specific scenarios
+  initWildModifierPool();
+  initTrainerModifierPool();
+  initEnemyBuffModifierPool();
+  initDailyStarterModifierPool();
+}
+
+/**
+ * High order function that returns a WeightedModifierTypeWeightFunc that will only be applied on
+ * classic and skip an ModifierType if current wave is greater or equal to the one passed down
+ * @param wave - Wave where we should stop showing the modifier
+ * @param defaultWeight - ModifierType default weight
+ * @returns A WeightedModifierTypeWeightFunc
+ */
+function skipInClassicAfterWave(wave: number, defaultWeight: number): WeightedModifierTypeWeightFunc {
+  return () => {
+    const gameMode = globalScene.gameMode;
+    const currentWave = globalScene.currentBattle.waveIndex;
+    return gameMode.isClassic && currentWave >= wave ? 0 : defaultWeight;
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * High order function that returns a WeightedModifierTypeWeightFunc that will only be applied on
+ * classic and it will skip a ModifierType if it is the last wave pull.
+ * @param defaultWeight ModifierType default weight
+ * @returns A WeightedModifierTypeWeightFunc
+ */
+function skipInLastClassicWaveOrDefault(defaultWeight: number): WeightedModifierTypeWeightFunc {
+  return skipInClassicAfterWave(199, defaultWeight);
+}
+
+/**
+ * High order function that returns a WeightedModifierTypeWeightFunc to ensure Lures don't spawn on Classic 199
+ * or if the lure still has over 60% of its duration left
+ * @param maxBattles The max battles the lure type in question lasts. 10 for green, 15 for Super, 30 for Max
+ * @param weight The desired weight for the lure when it does spawn
+ * @returns A WeightedModifierTypeWeightFunc
+ */
+function lureWeightFunc(maxBattles: number, weight: number): WeightedModifierTypeWeightFunc {
+  return () => {
+    const lures = globalScene.getModifiers(DoubleBattleChanceBoosterModifier);
+    return !(globalScene.gameMode.isClassic && globalScene.currentBattle.waveIndex === 199) &&
+      (lures.length === 0 ||
+        lures.filter(m => m.getMaxBattles() === maxBattles && m.getBattleCount() >= maxBattles * 0.6).length === 0)
+      ? weight
+      : 0;
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Used to check if the player has max of a given ball type in Classic
+ * @param ballType The {@linkcode PokeballType} being checked
+ * @returns boolean: true if the player has the maximum of a given ball type
+ */
+function hasMaximumBalls(ballType: PokeballType): boolean {
+  return globalScene.gameMode.isClassic && globalScene.pokeballCounts[ballType] >= MAX_PER_TYPE_POKEBALLS;
+}

src/modifier/modifier-pools.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+/**
+ * Contains modifier pools for different contexts in the game.
+ * Can be safely imported without worrying about circular dependencies.
+ */
+
+import type { ModifierPool } from "#app/@types/modifier-types";
+
+export const modifierPool: ModifierPool = {};
+
+export const wildModifierPool: ModifierPool = {};
+
+export const trainerModifierPool: ModifierPool = {};
+
+export const enemyBuffModifierPool: ModifierPool = {};
+
+export const dailyStarterModifierPool: ModifierPool = {};

src/modifier/modifier.ts

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 import { FusionSpeciesFormEvolution, pokemonEvolutions } from "#app/data/balance/pokemon-evolutions";
 import { getBerryEffectFunc, getBerryPredicate } from "#app/data/berry";
 import { getLevelTotalExp } from "#app/data/exp";
-import { allMoves } from "#app/data/data-lists";
+import { allMoves, modifierTypes } from "#app/data/data-lists";
 import { MAX_PER_TYPE_POKEBALLS } from "#app/data/pokeball";
 import { SpeciesFormChangeItemTrigger } from "#app/data/pokemon-forms/form-change-triggers";
 import type { FormChangeItem } from "#enums/form-change-item";
 import { getStatusEffectHealText } from "#app/data/status-effect";
-import Pokemon, { type PlayerPokemon } from "#app/field/pokemon";
+import type { PlayerPokemon } from "#app/field/pokemon";
+import type Pokemon from "#app/field/pokemon";
 import { getPokemonNameWithAffix } from "#app/messages";
 import Overrides from "#app/overrides";
 import { LearnMoveType } from "#enums/learn-move-type";
@@ -24,33 +25,26 @@ import { type PermanentStat, type TempBattleStat, BATTLE_STATS, Stat, TEMP_BATTL
 import { StatusEffect } from "#enums/status-effect";
 import type { PokemonType } from "#enums/pokemon-type";
 import i18next from "i18next";
-import {
-  type DoubleBattleChanceBoosterModifierType,
-  type EvolutionItemModifierType,
-  type FormChangeItemModifierType,
-  type ModifierOverride,
-  type ModifierType,
-  type PokemonBaseStatTotalModifierType,
-  type PokemonExpBoosterModifierType,
-  type PokemonFriendshipBoosterModifierType,
-  type PokemonMoveAccuracyBoosterModifierType,
-  type PokemonMultiHitModifierType,
-  type TerastallizeModifierType,
-  type TmModifierType,
-  getModifierType,
-  ModifierTypeGenerator,
-  modifierTypes,
-  PokemonHeldItemModifierType,
+import type {
+  DoubleBattleChanceBoosterModifierType,
+  EvolutionItemModifierType,
+  FormChangeItemModifierType,
+  ModifierOverride,
+  ModifierType,
+  PokemonBaseStatTotalModifierType,
+  PokemonExpBoosterModifierType,
+  PokemonFriendshipBoosterModifierType,
+  PokemonMoveAccuracyBoosterModifierType,
+  PokemonMultiHitModifierType,
+  TerastallizeModifierType,
+  TmModifierType,
 } from "./modifier-type";
+import { getModifierType } from "#app/utils/modifier-utils";
 import { Color, ShadowColor } from "#enums/color";
 import { FRIENDSHIP_GAIN_FROM_RARE_CANDY } from "#app/data/balance/starters";
-import {
-  applyAbAttrs,
-  applyPostItemLostAbAttrs,
-  CommanderAbAttr,
-  PostItemLostAbAttr,
-} from "#app/data/abilities/ability";
+import { applyAbAttrs, applyPostItemLostAbAttrs } from "#app/data/abilities/apply-ab-attrs";
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
+import type { ModifierInstanceMap, ModifierString } from "#app/@types/modifier-types";
 
 export type ModifierPredicate = (modifier: Modifier) => boolean;
 
@@ -164,6 +158,23 @@ export abstract class Modifier {
     this.type = type;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Return whether this modifier is of the given class
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * Used to avoid requiring the caller to have imported the specific modifier class, avoiding circular dependencies.
+   *
+   * @param modifier - The modifier to check against
+   * @returns Whether the modiifer is an instance of the given type
+   */
+  public is<T extends ModifierString>(modifier: T): this is ModifierInstanceMap[T] {
+    const targetModifier = ModifierClassMap[modifier];
+    if (!targetModifier) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    return this instanceof targetModifier;
+  }
+
   match(_modifier: Modifier): boolean {
     return false;
   }
@@ -188,6 +199,11 @@ export abstract class PersistentModifier extends Modifier {
   public stackCount: number;
   public virtualStackCount: number;
 
+  /** This field does not exist at runtime and must not be used.
+   * Its sole purpose is to ensure that typescript is able to properly narrow when the `is` method is called.
+   */
+  private declare _: never;
+
   constructor(type: ModifierType, stackCount = 1) {
     super(type);
     this.stackCount = stackCount;
@@ -1593,7 +1609,7 @@ export class BypassSpeedChanceModifier extends PokemonHeldItemModifier {
       doBypassSpeed.value = true;
       const isCommandFight =
         globalScene.currentBattle.turnCommands[pokemon.getBattlerIndex()]?.command === Command.FIGHT;
-      const hasQuickClaw = this.type instanceof PokemonHeldItemModifierType && this.type.id === "QUICK_CLAW";
+      const hasQuickClaw = this.type.is("PokemonHeldItemModifierType") && this.type.id === "QUICK_CLAW";
 
       if (isCommandFight && hasQuickClaw) {
         globalScene.phaseManager.queueMessage(
@@ -1877,7 +1893,7 @@ export class BerryModifier extends PokemonHeldItemModifier {
 
     // munch the berry and trigger unburden-like effects
     getBerryEffectFunc(this.berryType)(pokemon);
-    applyPostItemLostAbAttrs(PostItemLostAbAttr, pokemon, false);
+    applyPostItemLostAbAttrs("PostItemLostAbAttr", pokemon, false);
 
     // Update berry eaten trackers for Belch, Harvest, Cud Chew, etc.
     // Don't recover it if we proc berry pouch (no item duplication)
@@ -1965,7 +1981,7 @@ export class PokemonInstantReviveModifier extends PokemonHeldItemModifier {
     // Reapply Commander on the Pokemon's side of the field, if applicable
     const field = pokemon.isPlayer() ? globalScene.getPlayerField() : globalScene.getEnemyField();
     for (const p of field) {
-      applyAbAttrs(CommanderAbAttr, p, null, false);
+      applyAbAttrs("CommanderAbAttr", p, null, false);
     }
     return true;
   }
@@ -3215,7 +3231,7 @@ export abstract class HeldItemTransferModifier extends PokemonHeldItemModifier {
    * @returns the opponents of the source {@linkcode Pokemon}
    */
   getTargets(pokemon?: Pokemon, ..._args: unknown[]): Pokemon[] {
-    return pokemon instanceof Pokemon ? pokemon.getOpponents() : [];
+    return pokemon?.getOpponents?.() ?? [];
   }
 
   /**
@@ -3787,7 +3803,7 @@ export function overrideModifiers(isPlayer = true): void {
     const modifierFunc = modifierTypes[item.name];
     let modifierType: ModifierType | null = modifierFunc();
 
-    if (modifierType instanceof ModifierTypeGenerator) {
+    if (modifierType.is("ModifierTypeGenerator")) {
       const pregenArgs = "type" in item && item.type !== null ? [item.type] : undefined;
       modifierType = modifierType.generateType([], pregenArgs);
     }
@@ -3829,7 +3845,7 @@ export function overrideHeldItems(pokemon: Pokemon, isPlayer = true): void {
     let modifierType: ModifierType | null = modifierFunc();
     const qty = item.count || 1;
 
-    if (modifierType instanceof ModifierTypeGenerator) {
+    if (modifierType.is("ModifierTypeGenerator")) {
       const pregenArgs = "type" in item && item.type !== null ? [item.type] : undefined;
       modifierType = modifierType.generateType([], pregenArgs);
     }
@@ -3847,3 +3863,102 @@ export function overrideHeldItems(pokemon: Pokemon, isPlayer = true): void {
     }
   }
 }
+
+/**
+ * Private map from modifier strings to their constructors.
+ *
+ * @remarks
+ * Used for {@linkcode Modifier.is} to check if a modifier is of a certain type without
+ * requiring modifier types to be imported in every file.
+ */
+const ModifierClassMap = Object.freeze({
+  PersistentModifier,
+  ConsumableModifier,
+  AddPokeballModifier,
+  AddVoucherModifier,
+  LapsingPersistentModifier,
+  DoubleBattleChanceBoosterModifier,
+  TempStatStageBoosterModifier,
+  TempCritBoosterModifier,
+  MapModifier,
+  MegaEvolutionAccessModifier,
+  GigantamaxAccessModifier,
+  TerastallizeAccessModifier,
+  PokemonHeldItemModifier,
+  LapsingPokemonHeldItemModifier,
+  BaseStatModifier,
+  EvoTrackerModifier,
+  PokemonBaseStatTotalModifier,
+  PokemonBaseStatFlatModifier,
+  PokemonIncrementingStatModifier,
+  StatBoosterModifier,
+  SpeciesStatBoosterModifier,
+  CritBoosterModifier,
+  SpeciesCritBoosterModifier,
+  AttackTypeBoosterModifier,
+  SurviveDamageModifier,
+  BypassSpeedChanceModifier,
+  FlinchChanceModifier,
+  TurnHealModifier,
+  TurnStatusEffectModifier,
+  HitHealModifier,
+  LevelIncrementBoosterModifier,
+  BerryModifier,
+  PreserveBerryModifier,
+  PokemonInstantReviveModifier,
+  ResetNegativeStatStageModifier,
+  FieldEffectModifier,
+  ConsumablePokemonModifier,
+  TerrastalizeModifier,
+  PokemonHpRestoreModifier,
+  PokemonStatusHealModifier,
+  ConsumablePokemonMoveModifier,
+  PokemonPpRestoreModifier,
+  PokemonAllMovePpRestoreModifier,
+  PokemonPpUpModifier,
+  PokemonNatureChangeModifier,
+  PokemonLevelIncrementModifier,
+  TmModifier,
+  RememberMoveModifier,
+  EvolutionItemModifier,
+  FusePokemonModifier,
+  MultipleParticipantExpBonusModifier,
+  HealingBoosterModifier,
+  ExpBoosterModifier,
+  PokemonExpBoosterModifier,
+  ExpShareModifier,
+  ExpBalanceModifier,
+  PokemonFriendshipBoosterModifier,
+  PokemonNatureWeightModifier,
+  PokemonMoveAccuracyBoosterModifier,
+  PokemonMultiHitModifier,
+  PokemonFormChangeItemModifier,
+  MoneyRewardModifier,
+  DamageMoneyRewardModifier,
+  MoneyInterestModifier,
+  HiddenAbilityRateBoosterModifier,
+  ShinyRateBoosterModifier,
+  CriticalCatchChanceBoosterModifier,
+  LockModifierTiersModifier,
+  HealShopCostModifier,
+  BoostBugSpawnModifier,
+  SwitchEffectTransferModifier,
+  HeldItemTransferModifier,
+  TurnHeldItemTransferModifier,
+  ContactHeldItemTransferChanceModifier,
+  IvScannerModifier,
+  ExtraModifierModifier,
+  TempExtraModifierModifier,
+  EnemyPersistentModifier,
+  EnemyDamageMultiplierModifier,
+  EnemyDamageBoosterModifier,
+  EnemyDamageReducerModifier,
+  EnemyTurnHealModifier,
+  EnemyAttackStatusEffectChanceModifier,
+  EnemyStatusEffectHealChanceModifier,
+  EnemyEndureChanceModifier,
+  EnemyFusionChanceModifier,
+  MoneyMultiplierModifier,
+});
+
+export type ModifierConstructorMap = typeof ModifierClassMap;

src/overrides.ts

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import { Gender } from "#app/data/gender";
 import { FormChangeItem } from "#enums/form-change-item";
 import { type ModifierOverride } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
 import { Variant } from "#app/sprites/variant";
-import { Unlockables } from "#app/system/unlockables";
+import { Unlockables } from "#enums/unlockables";
 import { AbilityId } from "#enums/ability-id";
 import { BattleType } from "#enums/battle-type";
 import { BerryType } from "#enums/berry-type";
@@ -285,17 +285,17 @@ export const defaultOverrides = new DefaultOverrides();
 
 export default {
   ...defaultOverrides,
-  ...overrides
+  ...overrides,
 } satisfies InstanceType<typeof DefaultOverrides>;
 
 export type BattleStyle = "double" | "single" | "even-doubles" | "odd-doubles";
 
 export type RandomTrainerOverride = {
   /** The Type of trainer to force */
-  trainerType: Exclude<TrainerType, TrainerType.UNKNOWN>,
+  trainerType: Exclude<TrainerType, TrainerType.UNKNOWN>;
   /* If the selected trainer type has a double version, it will always use its double version. */
-  alwaysDouble?: boolean
-}
+  alwaysDouble?: boolean;
+};
 
 /** The type of the {@linkcode DefaultOverrides} class */
 export type OverridesType = typeof DefaultOverrides;

src/phase-manager.ts

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import type { Phase } from "#app/phase";
 import type { default as Pokemon } from "#app/field/pokemon";
 import type { PhaseMap, PhaseString } from "./@types/phase-types";
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
+import { ActivatePriorityQueuePhase } from "#app/phases/activate-priority-queue-phase";
 import { AddEnemyBuffModifierPhase } from "#app/phases/add-enemy-buff-modifier-phase";
 import { AttemptCapturePhase } from "#app/phases/attempt-capture-phase";
 import { AttemptRunPhase } from "#app/phases/attempt-run-phase";
@@ -11,7 +12,9 @@ import { CheckStatusEffectPhase } from "#app/phases/check-status-effect-phase";
 import { CheckSwitchPhase } from "#app/phases/check-switch-phase";
 import { CommandPhase } from "#app/phases/command-phase";
 import { CommonAnimPhase } from "#app/phases/common-anim-phase";
+import { coerceArray, type Constructor } from "#app/utils/common";
 import { DamageAnimPhase } from "#app/phases/damage-anim-phase";
+import type { DynamicPhaseType } from "#enums/dynamic-phase-type";
 import { EggHatchPhase } from "#app/phases/egg-hatch-phase";
 import { EggLapsePhase } from "#app/phases/egg-lapse-phase";
 import { EggSummaryPhase } from "#app/phases/egg-summary-phase";
@@ -55,6 +58,7 @@ import { NextEncounterPhase } from "#app/phases/next-encounter-phase";
 import { ObtainStatusEffectPhase } from "#app/phases/obtain-status-effect-phase";
 import { PartyExpPhase } from "#app/phases/party-exp-phase";
 import { PartyHealPhase } from "#app/phases/party-heal-phase";
+import { type PhasePriorityQueue, PostSummonPhasePriorityQueue } from "#app/data/phase-priority-queue";
 import { PokemonAnimPhase } from "#app/phases/pokemon-anim-phase";
 import { PokemonHealPhase } from "#app/phases/pokemon-heal-phase";
 import { PokemonTransformPhase } from "#app/phases/pokemon-transform-phase";
@@ -111,6 +115,7 @@ import { WeatherEffectPhase } from "#app/phases/weather-effect-phase";
  * This allows for easy creation of new phases without needing to import each phase individually.
  */
 const PHASES = Object.freeze({
+  ActivatePriorityQueuePhase,
   AddEnemyBuffModifierPhase,
   AttemptCapturePhase,
   AttemptRunPhase,
@@ -222,9 +227,19 @@ export class PhaseManager {
   private phaseQueuePrependSpliceIndex = -1;
   private nextCommandPhaseQueue: Phase[] = [];
 
+  /** Storage for {@linkcode PhasePriorityQueue}s which hold phases whose order dynamically changes */
+  private dynamicPhaseQueues: PhasePriorityQueue[];
+  /** Parallel array to {@linkcode dynamicPhaseQueues} - matches phase types to their queues */
+  private dynamicPhaseTypes: Constructor<Phase>[];
+
   private currentPhase: Phase | null = null;
   private standbyPhase: Phase | null = null;
 
+  constructor() {
+    this.dynamicPhaseQueues = [new PostSummonPhasePriorityQueue()];
+    this.dynamicPhaseTypes = [PostSummonPhase];
+  }
+
   /* Phase Functions */
   getCurrentPhase(): Phase | null {
     return this.currentPhase;
@@ -254,7 +269,11 @@ export class PhaseManager {
    * @param defer boolean on which queue to add to, defaults to false, and adds to phaseQueue
    */
   pushPhase(phase: Phase, defer = false): void {
-    (!defer ? this.phaseQueue : this.nextCommandPhaseQueue).push(phase);
+    if (this.getDynamicPhaseType(phase) !== undefined) {
+      this.pushDynamicPhase(phase);
+    } else {
+      (!defer ? this.phaseQueue : this.nextCommandPhaseQueue).push(phase);
+    }
   }
 
   /**
@@ -283,6 +302,7 @@ export class PhaseManager {
     for (const queue of [this.phaseQueue, this.phaseQueuePrepend, this.conditionalQueue, this.nextCommandPhaseQueue]) {
       queue.splice(0, queue.length);
     }
+    this.dynamicPhaseQueues.forEach(queue => queue.clear());
     this.currentPhase = null;
     this.standbyPhase = null;
     this.clearPhaseQueueSplice();
@@ -333,8 +353,9 @@ export class PhaseManager {
 
     this.currentPhase = this.phaseQueue.shift() ?? null;
 
+    const unactivatedConditionalPhases: [() => boolean, Phase][] = [];
     // Check if there are any conditional phases queued
-    if (this.conditionalQueue?.length) {
+    while (this.conditionalQueue?.length) {
       // Retrieve the first conditional phase from the queue
       const conditionalPhase = this.conditionalQueue.shift();
       // Evaluate the condition associated with the phase
@@ -343,11 +364,12 @@ export class PhaseManager {
         this.pushPhase(conditionalPhase[1]);
       } else if (conditionalPhase) {
         // If the condition is not met, re-add the phase back to the front of the conditional queue
-        this.conditionalQueue.unshift(conditionalPhase);
+        unactivatedConditionalPhases.push(conditionalPhase);
       } else {
         console.warn("condition phase is undefined/null!", conditionalPhase);
       }
     }
+    this.conditionalQueue.push(...unactivatedConditionalPhases);
 
     if (this.currentPhase) {
       console.log(`%cStart Phase ${this.currentPhase.constructor.name}`, "color:green;");
@@ -375,7 +397,7 @@ export class PhaseManager {
    * @returns the found phase or undefined if none found
    */
   findPhase<P extends Phase = Phase>(phaseFilter: (phase: P) => boolean): P | undefined {
-    return this.phaseQueue.find(phaseFilter) as P;
+    return this.phaseQueue.find(phaseFilter) as P | undefined;
   }
 
   tryReplacePhase(phaseFilter: (phase: Phase) => boolean, phase: Phase): boolean {
@@ -416,9 +438,7 @@ export class PhaseManager {
    * @returns boolean if a targetPhase was found and added
    */
   prependToPhase(phase: Phase | Phase[], targetPhase: PhaseString): boolean {
-    if (!Array.isArray(phase)) {
-      phase = [phase];
-    }
+    phase = coerceArray(phase);
     const target = PHASES[targetPhase];
     const targetIndex = this.phaseQueue.findIndex(ph => ph instanceof target);
 
@@ -431,17 +451,16 @@ export class PhaseManager {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Attempt to add the input phase(s) to index after target phase in the {@linkcode phaseQueue}, else simply calls {@linkcode unshiftPhase()}
-   * @param phase - The phase(s) to be added
-   * @param targetPhase - The phase to search for in phaseQueue
+   * Tries to add the input phase(s) to index after target phase in the {@linkcode phaseQueue}, else simply calls {@linkcode unshiftPhase()}
+   * @param phase {@linkcode Phase} the phase(s) to be added
+   * @param targetPhase {@linkcode Phase} the type of phase to search for in {@linkcode phaseQueue}
+   * @param condition Condition the target phase must meet to be appended to
    * @returns `true` if a `targetPhase` was found to append to
    */
-  appendToPhase(phase: Phase | Phase[], targetPhase: PhaseString): boolean {
-    if (!Array.isArray(phase)) {
-      phase = [phase];
-    }
+  appendToPhase(phase: Phase | Phase[], targetPhase: PhaseString, condition?: (p: Phase) => boolean): boolean {
+    phase = coerceArray(phase);
     const target = PHASES[targetPhase];
-    const targetIndex = this.phaseQueue.findIndex(ph => ph instanceof target);
+    const targetIndex = this.phaseQueue.findIndex(ph => ph instanceof target && (!condition || condition(ph)));
 
     if (targetIndex !== -1 && this.phaseQueue.length > targetIndex) {
       this.phaseQueue.splice(targetIndex + 1, 0, ...phase);
@@ -451,6 +470,68 @@ export class PhaseManager {
     return false;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Checks a phase and returns the matching {@linkcode DynamicPhaseType}, or undefined if it does not match one
+   * @param phase The phase to check
+   * @returns The corresponding {@linkcode DynamicPhaseType} or `undefined`
+   */
+  public getDynamicPhaseType(phase: Phase | null): DynamicPhaseType | undefined {
+    let phaseType: DynamicPhaseType | undefined;
+    this.dynamicPhaseTypes.forEach((cls, index) => {
+      if (phase instanceof cls) {
+        phaseType = index;
+      }
+    });
+
+    return phaseType;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Pushes a phase onto its corresponding dynamic queue and marks the activation point in {@linkcode phaseQueue}
+   *
+   * The {@linkcode ActivatePriorityQueuePhase} will run the top phase in the dynamic queue (not necessarily {@linkcode phase})
+   * @param phase The phase to push
+   */
+  public pushDynamicPhase(phase: Phase): void {
+    const type = this.getDynamicPhaseType(phase);
+    if (type === undefined) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    this.pushPhase(new ActivatePriorityQueuePhase(type));
+    this.dynamicPhaseQueues[type].push(phase);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Unshifts the top phase from the corresponding dynamic queue onto {@linkcode phaseQueue}
+   * @param type {@linkcode DynamicPhaseType} The type of dynamic phase to start
+   */
+  public startDynamicPhaseType(type: DynamicPhaseType): void {
+    const phase = this.dynamicPhaseQueues[type].pop();
+    if (phase) {
+      this.unshiftPhase(phase);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Unshifts an {@linkcode ActivatePriorityQueuePhase} for {@linkcode phase}, then pushes {@linkcode phase} to its dynamic queue
+   *
+   * This is the same as {@linkcode pushDynamicPhase}, except the activation phase is unshifted
+   *
+   * {@linkcode phase} is not guaranteed to be the next phase from the queue to run (if the queue is not empty)
+   * @param phase The phase to add
+   * @returns
+   */
+  public startDynamicPhase(phase: Phase): void {
+    const type = this.getDynamicPhaseType(phase);
+    if (type === undefined) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    this.unshiftPhase(new ActivatePriorityQueuePhase(type));
+    this.dynamicPhaseQueues[type].push(phase);
+  }
+
   /**
    * Adds a MessagePhase, either to PhaseQueuePrepend or nextCommandPhaseQueue
    * @param message - string for MessagePhase
@@ -578,4 +659,11 @@ export class PhaseManager {
   ): boolean {
     return this.appendToPhase(this.create(phase, ...args), targetPhase);
   }
+
+  public startNewDynamicPhase<T extends PhaseString>(
+    phase: T,
+    ...args: ConstructorParameters<PhaseConstructorMap[T]>
+  ): void {
+    this.startDynamicPhase(this.create(phase, ...args));
+  }
 }

src/phases/activate-priority-queue-phase.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import type { DynamicPhaseType } from "#enums/dynamic-phase-type";
+import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
+import { Phase } from "#app/phase";
+
+export class ActivatePriorityQueuePhase extends Phase {
+  public readonly phaseName = "ActivatePriorityQueuePhase";
+  private type: DynamicPhaseType;
+
+  constructor(type: DynamicPhaseType) {
+    super();
+    this.type = type;
+  }
+
+  override start() {
+    super.start();
+    globalScene.phaseManager.startDynamicPhaseType(this.type);
+    this.end();
+  }
+
+  public getType(): DynamicPhaseType {
+    return this.type;
+  }
+}

src/phases/add-enemy-buff-modifier-phase.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,6 @@
-import { ModifierTier } from "#app/modifier/modifier-tier";
-import {
-  regenerateModifierPoolThresholds,
-  ModifierPoolType,
-  getEnemyBuffModifierForWave,
-} from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { ModifierTier } from "#enums/modifier-tier";
+import { regenerateModifierPoolThresholds, getEnemyBuffModifierForWave } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { ModifierPoolType } from "#enums/modifier-pool-type";
 import { EnemyPersistentModifier } from "#app/modifier/modifier";
 import { Phase } from "#app/phase";
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";

src/phases/attempt-run-phase.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,4 @@
-import {
-  applyAbAttrs,
-  applyPreLeaveFieldAbAttrs,
-  PreLeaveFieldAbAttr,
-  RunSuccessAbAttr,
-} from "#app/data/abilities/ability";
+import { applyAbAttrs, applyPreLeaveFieldAbAttrs } from "#app/data/abilities/apply-ab-attrs";
 import { Stat } from "#enums/stat";
 import { StatusEffect } from "#enums/status-effect";
 import type { PlayerPokemon, EnemyPokemon } from "#app/field/pokemon";
@@ -30,10 +25,10 @@ export class AttemptRunPhase extends PokemonPhase {
 
     this.attemptRunAway(playerField, enemyField, escapeChance);
 
-    applyAbAttrs(RunSuccessAbAttr, playerPokemon, null, false, escapeChance);
+    applyAbAttrs("RunSuccessAbAttr", playerPokemon, null, false, escapeChance);
 
     if (playerPokemon.randBattleSeedInt(100) < escapeChance.value && !this.forceFailEscape) {
-      enemyField.forEach(enemyPokemon => applyPreLeaveFieldAbAttrs(PreLeaveFieldAbAttr, enemyPokemon));
+      enemyField.forEach(enemyPokemon => applyPreLeaveFieldAbAttrs("PreLeaveFieldAbAttr", enemyPokemon));
 
       globalScene.playSound("se/flee");
       globalScene.phaseManager.queueMessage(i18next.t("battle:runAwaySuccess"), null, true, 500);

src/phases/battle-end-phase.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
-import { applyPostBattleAbAttrs, PostBattleAbAttr } from "#app/data/abilities/ability";
+import { applyPostBattleAbAttrs } from "#app/data/abilities/apply-ab-attrs";
 import { LapsingPersistentModifier, LapsingPokemonHeldItemModifier } from "#app/modifier/modifier";
 import { BattlePhase } from "./battle-phase";
 
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ export class BattleEndPhase extends BattlePhase {
     }
 
     for (const pokemon of globalScene.getPokemonAllowedInBattle()) {
-      applyPostBattleAbAttrs(PostBattleAbAttr, pokemon, false, this.isVictory);
+      applyPostBattleAbAttrs("PostBattleAbAttr", pokemon, false, this.isVictory);
     }
 
     if (globalScene.currentBattle.moneyScattered) {

src/phases/berry-phase.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,4 @@
-import {
-  applyAbAttrs,
-  PreventBerryUseAbAttr,
-  HealFromBerryUseAbAttr,
-  RepeatBerryNextTurnAbAttr,
-} from "#app/data/abilities/ability";
+import { applyAbAttrs } from "#app/data/abilities/apply-ab-attrs";
 import { CommonAnim } from "#enums/move-anims-common";
 import { BerryUsedEvent } from "#app/events/battle-scene";
 import { getPokemonNameWithAffix } from "#app/messages";
@@ -25,7 +20,7 @@ export class BerryPhase extends FieldPhase {
 
     this.executeForAll(pokemon => {
       this.eatBerries(pokemon);
-      applyAbAttrs(RepeatBerryNextTurnAbAttr, pokemon, null);
+      applyAbAttrs("RepeatBerryNextTurnAbAttr", pokemon, null);
     });
 
     this.end();
@@ -47,7 +42,7 @@ export class BerryPhase extends FieldPhase {
 
     // TODO: If both opponents on field have unnerve, which one displays its message?
     const cancelled = new BooleanHolder(false);
-    pokemon.getOpponents().forEach(opp => applyAbAttrs(PreventBerryUseAbAttr, opp, cancelled));
+    pokemon.getOpponents().forEach(opp => applyAbAttrs("PreventBerryUseAbAttr", opp, cancelled));
     if (cancelled.value) {
       globalScene.phaseManager.queueMessage(
         i18next.t("abilityTriggers:preventBerryUse", {
@@ -75,6 +70,6 @@ export class BerryPhase extends FieldPhase {
     globalScene.updateModifiers(pokemon.isPlayer());
 
     // AbilityId.CHEEK_POUCH only works once per round of nom noms
-    applyAbAttrs(HealFromBerryUseAbAttr, pokemon, new BooleanHolder(false));
+    applyAbAttrs("HealFromBerryUseAbAttr", pokemon, new BooleanHolder(false));
   }
 }

src/phases/command-phase.ts

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import { MysteryEncounterMode } from "#enums/mystery-encounter-mode";
 import { isNullOrUndefined } from "#app/utils/common";
 import { ArenaTagSide } from "#enums/arena-tag-side";
 import { ArenaTagType } from "#app/enums/arena-tag-type";
+import { isVirtual, isIgnorePP, MoveUseMode } from "#enums/move-use-mode";
 
 export class CommandPhase extends FieldPhase {
   public readonly phaseName = "CommandPhase";
@@ -80,7 +81,7 @@ export class CommandPhase extends FieldPhase {
     ) {
       globalScene.currentBattle.turnCommands[this.fieldIndex] = {
         command: Command.FIGHT,
-        move: { move: MoveId.NONE, targets: [] },
+        move: { move: MoveId.NONE, targets: [], useMode: MoveUseMode.NORMAL },
         skip: true,
       };
     }
@@ -103,29 +104,31 @@ export class CommandPhase extends FieldPhase {
       moveQueue.length &&
       moveQueue[0] &&
       moveQueue[0].move &&
-      !moveQueue[0].virtual &&
+      !isVirtual(moveQueue[0].useMode) &&
       (!playerPokemon.getMoveset().find(m => m.moveId === moveQueue[0].move) ||
         !playerPokemon
           .getMoveset()
           [playerPokemon.getMoveset().findIndex(m => m.moveId === moveQueue[0].move)].isUsable(
             playerPokemon,
-            moveQueue[0].ignorePP,
+            isIgnorePP(moveQueue[0].useMode),
           ))
     ) {
       moveQueue.shift();
     }
 
+    // TODO: Refactor this. I did a few simple find/replace matches but this is just ABHORRENTLY structured
     if (moveQueue.length > 0) {
       const queuedMove = moveQueue[0];
       if (!queuedMove.move) {
-        this.handleCommand(Command.FIGHT, -1);
+        this.handleCommand(Command.FIGHT, -1, MoveUseMode.NORMAL);
       } else {
         const moveIndex = playerPokemon.getMoveset().findIndex(m => m.moveId === queuedMove.move);
         if (
-          (moveIndex > -1 && playerPokemon.getMoveset()[moveIndex].isUsable(playerPokemon, queuedMove.ignorePP)) ||
-          queuedMove.virtual
+          (moveIndex > -1 &&
+            playerPokemon.getMoveset()[moveIndex].isUsable(playerPokemon, isIgnorePP(queuedMove.useMode))) ||
+          isVirtual(queuedMove.useMode)
         ) {
-          this.handleCommand(Command.FIGHT, moveIndex, queuedMove.ignorePP, queuedMove);
+          this.handleCommand(Command.FIGHT, moveIndex, queuedMove.useMode, queuedMove);
         } else {
           globalScene.ui.setMode(UiMode.COMMAND, this.fieldIndex);
         }
@@ -143,18 +146,23 @@ export class CommandPhase extends FieldPhase {
     }
   }
 
+  /**
+   * TODO: Remove `args` and clean this thing up
+   * Code will need to be copied over from pkty except replacing the `virtual` and `ignorePP` args with a corresponding `MoveUseMode`.
+   */
   handleCommand(command: Command, cursor: number, ...args: any[]): boolean {
     const playerPokemon = globalScene.getPlayerField()[this.fieldIndex];
     let success = false;
 
     switch (command) {
+      // TODO: We don't need 2 args for this - moveUseMode is carried over from queuedMove
       case Command.TERA:
-      case Command.FIGHT:
+      case Command.FIGHT: {
         let useStruggle = false;
         const turnMove: TurnMove | undefined = args.length === 2 ? (args[1] as TurnMove) : undefined;
         if (
           cursor === -1 ||
-          playerPokemon.trySelectMove(cursor, args[0] as boolean) ||
+          playerPokemon.trySelectMove(cursor, isIgnorePP(args[0] as MoveUseMode)) ||
           (useStruggle = cursor > -1 && !playerPokemon.getMoveset().filter(m => m.isUsable(playerPokemon)).length)
         ) {
           let moveId: MoveId;
@@ -171,7 +179,7 @@ export class CommandPhase extends FieldPhase {
           const turnCommand: TurnCommand = {
             command: Command.FIGHT,
             cursor: cursor,
-            move: { move: moveId, targets: [], ignorePP: args[0] },
+            move: { move: moveId, targets: [], useMode: args[0] },
             args: args,
           };
           const preTurnCommand: TurnCommand = {
@@ -233,7 +241,8 @@ export class CommandPhase extends FieldPhase {
           );
         }
         break;
-      case Command.BALL:
+      }
+      case Command.BALL: {
         const notInDex =
           globalScene
             .getEnemyField()
@@ -337,8 +346,9 @@ export class CommandPhase extends FieldPhase {
           }
         }
         break;
+      }
       case Command.POKEMON:
-      case Command.RUN:
+      case Command.RUN: {
         const isSwitch = command === Command.POKEMON;
         const { currentBattle, arena } = globalScene;
         const mysteryEncounterFleeAllowed = currentBattle.mysteryEncounter?.fleeAllowed;
@@ -445,6 +455,7 @@ export class CommandPhase extends FieldPhase {
           }
         }
         break;
+      }
     }
 
     if (success) {

src/phases/encounter-phase.ts

@@ -2,12 +2,7 @@ import { BattlerIndex } from "#enums/battler-index";
 import { BattleType } from "#enums/battle-type";
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
 import { PLAYER_PARTY_MAX_SIZE } from "#app/constants";
-import {
-  applyAbAttrs,
-  SyncEncounterNatureAbAttr,
-  applyPreSummonAbAttrs,
-  PreSummonAbAttr,
-} from "#app/data/abilities/ability";
+import { applyAbAttrs, applyPreSummonAbAttrs } from "#app/data/abilities/apply-ab-attrs";
 import { initEncounterAnims, loadEncounterAnimAssets } from "#app/data/battle-anims";
 import { getCharVariantFromDialogue } from "#app/data/dialogue";
 import { getEncounterText } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/utils/encounter-dialogue-utils";
@@ -20,7 +15,8 @@ import type Pokemon from "#app/field/pokemon";
 import { FieldPosition } from "#enums/field-position";
 import { getPokemonNameWithAffix } from "#app/messages";
 import { BoostBugSpawnModifier, IvScannerModifier, TurnHeldItemTransferModifier } from "#app/modifier/modifier";
-import { ModifierPoolType, regenerateModifierPoolThresholds } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { regenerateModifierPoolThresholds } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { ModifierPoolType } from "#enums/modifier-pool-type";
 import Overrides from "#app/overrides";
 import { BattlePhase } from "#app/phases/battle-phase";
 import { achvs } from "#app/system/achv";
@@ -34,7 +30,7 @@ import { PlayerGender } from "#enums/player-gender";
 import { SpeciesId } from "#enums/species-id";
 import { overrideHeldItems, overrideModifiers } from "#app/modifier/modifier";
 import i18next from "i18next";
-import { WEIGHT_INCREMENT_ON_SPAWN_MISS } from "#app/data/mystery-encounters/mystery-encounters";
+import { WEIGHT_INCREMENT_ON_SPAWN_MISS } from "#app/constants";
 import { getNatureName } from "#app/data/nature";
 
 export class EncounterPhase extends BattlePhase {
@@ -132,7 +128,7 @@ export class EncounterPhase extends BattlePhase {
             .slice(0, !battle.double ? 1 : 2)
             .reverse()
             .forEach(playerPokemon => {
-              applyAbAttrs(SyncEncounterNatureAbAttr, playerPokemon, null, false, battle.enemyParty[e]);
+              applyAbAttrs("SyncEncounterNatureAbAttr", playerPokemon, null, false, battle.enemyParty[e]);
             });
         }
       }
@@ -253,7 +249,7 @@ export class EncounterPhase extends BattlePhase {
         if (e < (battle.double ? 2 : 1)) {
           if (battle.battleType === BattleType.WILD) {
             for (const pokemon of globalScene.getField()) {
-              applyPreSummonAbAttrs(PreSummonAbAttr, pokemon, []);
+              applyPreSummonAbAttrs("PreSummonAbAttr", pokemon, []);
             }
             globalScene.field.add(enemyPokemon);
             battle.seenEnemyPartyMemberIds.add(enemyPokemon.id);

src/phases/faint-phase.ts

@@ -5,10 +5,7 @@ import {
   applyPostFaintAbAttrs,
   applyPostKnockOutAbAttrs,
   applyPostVictoryAbAttrs,
-  PostFaintAbAttr,
-  PostKnockOutAbAttr,
-  PostVictoryAbAttr,
-} from "#app/data/abilities/ability";
+} from "#app/data/abilities/apply-ab-attrs";
 import { BattlerTagLapseType } from "#enums/battler-tag-lapse-type";
 import { battleSpecDialogue } from "#app/data/dialogue";
 import { allMoves } from "#app/data/data-lists";
@@ -123,7 +120,7 @@ export class FaintPhase extends PokemonPhase {
     if (pokemon.turnData.attacksReceived?.length) {
       const lastAttack = pokemon.turnData.attacksReceived[0];
       applyPostFaintAbAttrs(
-        PostFaintAbAttr,
+        "PostFaintAbAttr",
         pokemon,
         globalScene.getPokemonById(lastAttack.sourceId)!,
         new PokemonMove(lastAttack.move).getMove(),
@@ -131,18 +128,18 @@ export class FaintPhase extends PokemonPhase {
       ); // TODO: is this bang correct?
     } else {
       //If killed by indirect damage, apply post-faint abilities without providing a last move
-      applyPostFaintAbAttrs(PostFaintAbAttr, pokemon);
+      applyPostFaintAbAttrs("PostFaintAbAttr", pokemon);
     }
 
     const alivePlayField = globalScene.getField(true);
     for (const p of alivePlayField) {
-      applyPostKnockOutAbAttrs(PostKnockOutAbAttr, p, pokemon);
+      applyPostKnockOutAbAttrs("PostKnockOutAbAttr", p, pokemon);
     }
     if (pokemon.turnData.attacksReceived?.length) {
       const defeatSource = this.source;
 
       if (defeatSource?.isOnField()) {
-        applyPostVictoryAbAttrs(PostVictoryAbAttr, defeatSource);
+        applyPostVictoryAbAttrs("PostVictoryAbAttr", defeatSource);
         const pvmove = allMoves[pokemon.turnData.attacksReceived[0].move];
         const pvattrs = pvmove.getAttrs("PostVictoryStatStageChangeAttr");
         if (pvattrs.length) {

src/phases/game-over-phase.ts

@@ -7,11 +7,11 @@ import type PokemonSpecies from "#app/data/pokemon-species";
 import { getPokemonSpecies } from "#app/data/pokemon-species";
 import { trainerConfigs } from "#app/data/trainers/trainer-config";
 import type Pokemon from "#app/field/pokemon";
-import { modifierTypes } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import { modifierTypes } from "#app/data/data-lists";
 import { BattlePhase } from "#app/phases/battle-phase";
 import type { EndCardPhase } from "#app/phases/end-card-phase";
 import { achvs, ChallengeAchv } from "#app/system/achv";
-import { Unlockables } from "#app/system/unlockables";
+import { Unlockables } from "#enums/unlockables";
 import { UiMode } from "#enums/ui-mode";
 import { isLocal, isLocalServerConnected } from "#app/utils/common";
 import { PlayerGender } from "#enums/player-gender";

src/phases/learn-move-phase.ts

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ import { UiMode } from "#enums/ui-mode";
 import i18next from "i18next";
 import { PlayerPartyMemberPokemonPhase } from "#app/phases/player-party-member-pokemon-phase";
 import type Pokemon from "#app/field/pokemon";
-import { ConfirmUiMode } from "#enums/confirm-ui-mode";
 import { LearnMoveType } from "#enums/learn-move-type";
 
 export class LearnMovePhase extends PlayerPartyMemberPokemonPhase {
@@ -164,10 +163,6 @@ export class LearnMovePhase extends PlayerPartyMemberPokemonPhase {
         globalScene.ui.setMode(this.messageMode);
         this.replaceMoveCheck(move, pokemon);
       },
-      false,
-      0,
-      0,
-      ConfirmUiMode.DEFAULT_NO,
     );
   }
 

src/phases/modifier-reward-phase.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
-import type { ModifierType, ModifierTypeFunc } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
-import { getModifierType } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import type { ModifierType } from "#app/modifier/modifier-type";
+import type { ModifierTypeFunc } from "#app/@types/modifier-types";
+import { getModifierType } from "#app/utils/modifier-utils";
 import i18next from "i18next";
 import { BattlePhase } from "./battle-phase";
 

src/phases/move-charge-phase.ts

@@ -8,10 +8,11 @@ import { MoveResult } from "#enums/move-result";
 import { BooleanHolder } from "#app/utils/common";
 import { PokemonPhase } from "#app/phases/pokemon-phase";
 import { BattlerTagType } from "#enums/battler-tag-type";
+import type { MoveUseMode } from "#enums/move-use-mode";
+import type { ChargingMove } from "#app/@types/move-types";
 
 /**
  * Phase for the "charging turn" of two-turn moves (e.g. Dig).
- * @extends {@linkcode PokemonPhase}
  */
 export class MoveChargePhase extends PokemonPhase {
   public readonly phaseName = "MoveChargePhase";
@@ -20,10 +21,21 @@ export class MoveChargePhase extends PokemonPhase {
   /** The field index targeted by the move (Charging moves assume single target) */
   public targetIndex: BattlerIndex;
 
-  constructor(battlerIndex: BattlerIndex, targetIndex: BattlerIndex, move: PokemonMove) {
+  /** The {@linkcode MoveUseMode} of the move that triggered the charge; passed on from move phase */
+  private useMode: MoveUseMode;
+
+  /**
+   * Create a new MoveChargePhase.
+   * @param battlerIndex - The {@linkcode BattlerIndex} of the user.
+   * @param targetIndex - The {@linkcode BattlerIndex} of the target.
+   * @param move - The {@linkcode PokemonMove} being used
+   * @param useMode - The move's {@linkcode MoveUseMode}
+   */
+  constructor(battlerIndex: BattlerIndex, targetIndex: BattlerIndex, move: PokemonMove, useMode: MoveUseMode) {
     super(battlerIndex);
     this.move = move;
     this.targetIndex = targetIndex;
+    this.useMode = useMode;
   }
 
   public override start() {
@@ -37,7 +49,8 @@ export class MoveChargePhase extends PokemonPhase {
     // immediately end this phase.
     if (!target || !move.isChargingMove()) {
       console.warn("Invalid parameters for MoveChargePhase");
-      return super.end();
+      super.end();
+      return;
     }
 
     new MoveChargeAnim(move.chargeAnim, move.id, user).play(false, () => {
@@ -52,29 +65,30 @@ export class MoveChargePhase extends PokemonPhase {
   /** Checks the move's instant charge conditions, then ends this phase. */
   public override end() {
     const user = this.getUserPokemon();
-    const move = this.move.getMove();
+    // Checked for `ChargingMove` in `this.start()`
+    const move = this.move.getMove() as ChargingMove;
 
-    if (move.isChargingMove()) {
-      const instantCharge = new BooleanHolder(false);
+    const instantCharge = new BooleanHolder(false);
+    applyMoveChargeAttrs("InstantChargeAttr", user, null, move, instantCharge);
 
-      applyMoveChargeAttrs("InstantChargeAttr", user, null, move, instantCharge);
-
-      if (instantCharge.value) {
-        // this MoveEndPhase will be duplicated by the queued MovePhase if not removed
-        globalScene.phaseManager.tryRemovePhase(phase => phase.is("MoveEndPhase") && phase.getPokemon() === user);
-        // queue a new MovePhase for this move's attack phase
-        globalScene.phaseManager.unshiftNew("MovePhase", user, [this.targetIndex], this.move, false);
-      } else {
-        user.getMoveQueue().push({ move: move.id, targets: [this.targetIndex] });
-      }
-
-      // Add this move's charging phase to the user's move history
-      user.pushMoveHistory({
-        move: this.move.moveId,
-        targets: [this.targetIndex],
-        result: MoveResult.OTHER,
-      });
+    // If instantly charging, remove the pending MoveEndPhase and queue a new MovePhase for the "attack" portion of the move.
+    // Otherwise, add the attack portion to the user's move queue to execute next turn.
+    // TODO: This checks status twice for a single-turn usage...
+    if (instantCharge.value) {
+      globalScene.phaseManager.tryRemovePhase(phase => phase.is("MoveEndPhase") && phase.getPokemon() === user);
+      globalScene.phaseManager.unshiftNew("MovePhase", user, [this.targetIndex], this.move, this.useMode);
+    } else {
+      user.pushMoveQueue({ move: move.id, targets: [this.targetIndex], useMode: this.useMode });
     }
+
+    // Add this move's charging phase to the user's move history
+    user.pushMoveHistory({
+      move: this.move.moveId,
+      targets: [this.targetIndex],
+      result: MoveResult.OTHER,
+      useMode: this.useMode,
+    });
+
     super.end();
   }
 

src/phases/move-effect-phase.ts

@@ -1,21 +1,12 @@
 import { BattlerIndex } from "#enums/battler-index";
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
 import {
-  AddSecondStrikeAbAttr,
-  AlwaysHitAbAttr,
   applyExecutedMoveAbAttrs,
   applyPostAttackAbAttrs,
   applyPostDamageAbAttrs,
   applyPostDefendAbAttrs,
   applyPreAttackAbAttrs,
-  ExecutedMoveAbAttr,
-  IgnoreMoveEffectsAbAttr,
-  MaxMultiHitAbAttr,
-  PostAttackAbAttr,
-  PostDamageAbAttr,
-  PostDefendAbAttr,
-  ReflectStatusMoveAbAttr,
-} from "#app/data/abilities/ability";
+} from "#app/data/abilities/apply-ab-attrs";
 import { ConditionalProtectTag } from "#app/data/arena-tag";
 import { ArenaTagSide } from "#enums/arena-tag-side";
 import { MoveAnim } from "#app/data/battle-anims";
@@ -63,20 +54,25 @@ import { HitCheckResult } from "#enums/hit-check-result";
 import type Move from "#app/data/moves/move";
 import { isFieldTargeted } from "#app/data/moves/move-utils";
 import { DamageAchv } from "#app/system/achv";
+import { isVirtual, isReflected, MoveUseMode } from "#enums/move-use-mode";
 
-type HitCheckEntry = [HitCheckResult, TypeDamageMultiplier];
+export type HitCheckEntry = [HitCheckResult, TypeDamageMultiplier];
 
 export class MoveEffectPhase extends PokemonPhase {
   public readonly phaseName = "MoveEffectPhase";
   public move: Move;
-  private virtual = false;
   protected targets: BattlerIndex[];
-  protected reflected = false;
+  protected useMode: MoveUseMode;
 
   /** The result of the hit check against each target */
   private hitChecks: HitCheckEntry[];
 
-  /** The move history entry for the move */
+  /**
+   * Log to be entered into the user's move history once the move result is resolved.
+
+   * Note that `result` logs whether the move was successfully
+   * used in the sense of "Does it have an effect on the user?".
+   */
   private moveHistoryEntry: TurnMove;
 
   /** Is this the first strike of a move? */
@@ -84,19 +80,20 @@ export class MoveEffectPhase extends PokemonPhase {
   /** Is this the last strike of a move? */
   private lastHit: boolean;
 
-  /** Phases queued during moves */
+  /**
+   * Phases queued during moves; used to add a new MovePhase for reflected moves after triggering.
+   * TODO: Remove this and move the reflection logic to ability-side
+   */
   private queuedPhases: Phase[] = [];
 
   /**
-   * @param reflected Indicates that the move was reflected by the user due to magic coat or magic bounce
-   * @param virtual Indicates that the move is a virtual move (i.e. called by metronome)
+   * @param useMode - The {@linkcode MoveUseMode} corresponding to how this move was used.
    */
-  constructor(battlerIndex: BattlerIndex, targets: BattlerIndex[], move: Move, reflected = false, virtual = false) {
+  constructor(battlerIndex: BattlerIndex, targets: BattlerIndex[], move: Move, useMode: MoveUseMode) {
     super(battlerIndex);
     this.move = move;
-    this.virtual = virtual;
+    this.useMode = useMode;
 
-    this.reflected = reflected;
     /**
      * In double battles, if the right Pokemon selects a spread move and the left Pokemon dies
      * with no party members available to switch in, then the right Pokemon takes the index
@@ -167,7 +164,7 @@ export class MoveEffectPhase extends PokemonPhase {
    * Queue the phaes that should occur when the target reflects the move back to the user
    * @param user - The {@linkcode Pokemon} using this phase's invoked move
    * @param target - The {@linkcode Pokemon} that is reflecting the move
-   *
+   * TODO: Rework this to use `onApply` of Magic Coat
    */
   private queueReflectedMove(user: Pokemon, target: Pokemon): void {
     const newTargets = this.move.isMultiTarget()
@@ -179,7 +176,7 @@ export class MoveEffectPhase extends PokemonPhase {
         globalScene.phaseManager.create(
           "ShowAbilityPhase",
           target.getBattlerIndex(),
-          target.getPassiveAbility().hasAttr(ReflectStatusMoveAbAttr),
+          target.getPassiveAbility().hasAttr("ReflectStatusMoveAbAttr"),
         ),
       );
       this.queuedPhases.push(globalScene.phaseManager.create("HideAbilityPhase"));
@@ -190,10 +187,8 @@ export class MoveEffectPhase extends PokemonPhase {
         "MovePhase",
         target,
         newTargets,
-        new PokemonMove(this.move.id, 0, 0, true),
-        true,
-        true,
-        true,
+        new PokemonMove(this.move.id),
+        MoveUseMode.REFLECTED,
       ),
     );
   }
@@ -287,8 +282,18 @@ export class MoveEffectPhase extends PokemonPhase {
     const overridden = new BooleanHolder(false);
     const move = this.move;
 
-    // Assume single target for override
-    applyMoveAttrs("OverrideMoveEffectAttr", user, this.getFirstTarget() ?? null, move, overridden, this.virtual);
+    // Apply effects to override a move effect.
+    // Assuming single target here works as this is (currently)
+    // only used for Future Sight, calling and Pledge moves.
+    // TODO: change if any other move effect overrides are introduced
+    applyMoveAttrs(
+      "OverrideMoveEffectAttr",
+      user,
+      this.getFirstTarget() ?? null,
+      move,
+      overridden,
+      isVirtual(this.useMode),
+    );
 
     // If other effects were overriden, stop this phase before they can be applied
     if (overridden.value) {
@@ -299,8 +304,8 @@ export class MoveEffectPhase extends PokemonPhase {
     // Lapse `MOVE_EFFECT` effects (i.e. semi-invulnerability) when applicable
     user.lapseTags(BattlerTagLapseType.MOVE_EFFECT);
 
-    // If the user is acting again (such as due to Instruct), reset hitsLeft/hitCount so that
-    // the move executes correctly (ensures all hits of a multi-hit are properly calculated)
+    // If the user is acting again (such as due to Instruct or Dancer), reset hitsLeft/hitCount and
+    // recalculate hit count for multi-hit moves.
     if (user.turnData.hitsLeft === 0 && user.turnData.hitCount > 0 && user.turnData.extraTurns > 0) {
       user.turnData.hitsLeft = -1;
       user.turnData.hitCount = 0;
@@ -317,7 +322,7 @@ export class MoveEffectPhase extends PokemonPhase {
       // Assume single target for multi hit
       applyMoveAttrs("MultiHitAttr", user, this.getFirstTarget() ?? null, move, hitCount);
       // If Parental Bond is applicable, add another hit
-      applyPreAttackAbAttrs(AddSecondStrikeAbAttr, user, null, move, false, hitCount, null);
+      applyPreAttackAbAttrs("AddSecondStrikeAbAttr", user, null, move, false, hitCount, null);
       // If Multi-Lens is applicable, add hits equal to the number of held Multi-Lenses
       globalScene.applyModifiers(PokemonMultiHitModifier, user.isPlayer(), user, move.id, hitCount);
       // Set the user's relevant turnData fields to reflect the final hit count
@@ -325,16 +330,11 @@ export class MoveEffectPhase extends PokemonPhase {
       user.turnData.hitsLeft = hitCount.value;
     }
 
-    /*
-     * Log to be entered into the user's move history once the move result is resolved.
-     * Note that `result` logs whether the move was successfully
-     * used in the sense of "Does it have an effect on the user?".
-     */
     this.moveHistoryEntry = {
       move: this.move.id,
       targets: this.targets,
       result: MoveResult.PENDING,
-      virtual: this.virtual,
+      useMode: this.useMode,
     };
 
     const fieldMove = isFieldTargeted(move);
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ export class MoveEffectPhase extends PokemonPhase {
     // Add to the move history entry
     if (this.firstHit) {
       user.pushMoveHistory(this.moveHistoryEntry);
-      applyExecutedMoveAbAttrs(ExecutedMoveAbAttr, user);
+      applyExecutedMoveAbAttrs("ExecutedMoveAbAttr", user);
     }
 
     try {
@@ -399,29 +399,35 @@ export class MoveEffectPhase extends PokemonPhase {
 
   public override end(): void {
     const user = this.getUserPokemon();
-    /**
-     * If this phase isn't for the invoked move's last strike,
-     * unshift another MoveEffectPhase for the next strike.
-     * Otherwise, queue a message indicating the number of times the move has struck
-     * (if the move has struck more than once), then apply the heal from Shell Bell
-     * to the user.
-     */
-    if (user) {
-      if (user.turnData.hitsLeft && --user.turnData.hitsLeft >= 1 && this.getFirstTarget()?.isActive()) {
-        globalScene.phaseManager.unshiftPhase(this.getNewHitPhase());
-      } else {
-        // Queue message for number of hits made by multi-move
-        // If multi-hit attack only hits once, still want to render a message
-        const hitsTotal = user.turnData.hitCount - Math.max(user.turnData.hitsLeft, 0);
-        if (hitsTotal > 1 || (user.turnData.hitsLeft && user.turnData.hitsLeft > 0)) {
-          // If there are multiple hits, or if there are hits of the multi-hit move left
-          globalScene.phaseManager.queueMessage(i18next.t("battle:attackHitsCount", { count: hitsTotal }));
-        }
-        globalScene.applyModifiers(HitHealModifier, this.player, user);
-        this.getTargets().forEach(target => (target.turnData.moveEffectiveness = null));
-      }
+    if (!user) {
+      super.end();
+      return;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * If this phase isn't for the invoked move's last strike (and we still have something to hit),
+     * unshift another MoveEffectPhase for the next strike before ending this phase.
+     */
+    if (--user.turnData.hitsLeft >= 1 && this.getFirstTarget()) {
+      this.addNextHitPhase();
+      super.end();
+      return;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * All hits of the move have resolved by now.
+     * Queue message for multi-strike moves before applying Shell Bell heals & proccing Dancer-like effects.
+     */
+    const hitsTotal = user.turnData.hitCount - Math.max(user.turnData.hitsLeft, 0);
+    if (hitsTotal > 1 || user.turnData.hitsLeft > 0) {
+      // Queue message if multiple hits occurred or were slated to occur (such as a Triple Axel miss)
+      globalScene.phaseManager.queueMessage(i18next.t("battle:attackHitsCount", { count: hitsTotal }));
+    }
+
+    globalScene.applyModifiers(HitHealModifier, this.player, user);
+    this.getTargets().forEach(target => {
+      target.turnData.moveEffectiveness = null;
+    });
     super.end();
   }
 
@@ -431,10 +437,9 @@ export class MoveEffectPhase extends PokemonPhase {
    * @param user - The {@linkcode Pokemon} using this phase's invoked move
    * @param target - {@linkcode Pokemon} the current target of this phase's invoked move
    * @param hitResult - The {@linkcode HitResult} of the attempted move
-   * @returns a `Promise` intended to be passed into a `then()` call.
    */
   protected applyOnGetHitAbEffects(user: Pokemon, target: Pokemon, hitResult: HitResult): void {
-    applyPostDefendAbAttrs(PostDefendAbAttr, target, user, this.move, hitResult);
+    applyPostDefendAbAttrs("PostDefendAbAttr", target, user, this.move, hitResult);
     target.lapseTags(BattlerTagLapseType.AFTER_HIT);
   }
 
@@ -443,14 +448,17 @@ export class MoveEffectPhase extends PokemonPhase {
    * @param user - The {@linkcode Pokemon} using this phase's invoked move
    * @param target - {@linkcode Pokemon} the current target of this phase's invoked move
    * @param dealsDamage - `true` if the attempted move successfully dealt damage
-   * @returns a function intended to be passed into a `then()` call.
    */
   protected applyHeldItemFlinchCheck(user: Pokemon, target: Pokemon, dealsDamage: boolean): void {
     if (this.move.hasAttr("FlinchAttr")) {
       return;
     }
 
-    if (dealsDamage && !target.hasAbilityWithAttr(IgnoreMoveEffectsAbAttr) && !this.move.hitsSubstitute(user, target)) {
+    if (
+      dealsDamage &&
+      !target.hasAbilityWithAttr("IgnoreMoveEffectsAbAttr") &&
+      !this.move.hitsSubstitute(user, target)
+    ) {
       const flinched = new BooleanHolder(false);
       globalScene.applyModifiers(FlinchChanceModifier, user.isPlayer(), user, flinched);
       if (flinched.value) {
@@ -463,8 +471,9 @@ export class MoveEffectPhase extends PokemonPhase {
    * @param user - The {@linkcode Pokemon} using this phase's invoked move
    * @param target - {@linkcode Pokemon} the target to check for protection
    * @param move - The {@linkcode Move} being used
+   * @returns Whether the pokemon was protected
    */
-  private protectedCheck(user: Pokemon, target: Pokemon) {
+  private protectedCheck(user: Pokemon, target: Pokemon): boolean {
     /** The {@linkcode ArenaTagSide} to which the target belongs */
     const targetSide = target.isPlayer() ? ArenaTagSide.PLAYER : ArenaTagSide.ENEMY;
     /** Has the invoked move been cancelled by conditional protection (e.g Quick Guard)? */
@@ -485,14 +494,15 @@ export class MoveEffectPhase extends PokemonPhase {
       );
     }
 
+    // TODO: Break up this chunky boolean to make it more palatable
     return (
       ![MoveTarget.ENEMY_SIDE, MoveTarget.BOTH_SIDES].includes(this.move.moveTarget) &&
       (bypassIgnoreProtect.value || !this.move.doesFlagEffectApply({ flag: MoveFlags.IGNORE_PROTECT, user, target })) &&
       (hasConditionalProtectApplied.value ||
         (!target.findTags(t => t instanceof DamageProtectedTag).length &&
-          target.findTags(t => t instanceof ProtectedTag).find(t => target.lapseTag(t.tagType))) ||
+          target.findTags(t => t instanceof ProtectedTag).some(t => target.lapseTag(t.tagType))) ||
         (this.move.category !== MoveCategory.STATUS &&
-          target.findTags(t => t instanceof DamageProtectedTag).find(t => target.lapseTag(t.tagType))))
+          target.findTags(t => t instanceof DamageProtectedTag).some(t => target.lapseTag(t.tagType))))
     );
   }
 
@@ -552,7 +562,8 @@ export class MoveEffectPhase extends PokemonPhase {
       return [HitCheckResult.PROTECTED, 0];
     }
 
-    if (!this.reflected && move.doesFlagEffectApply({ flag: MoveFlags.REFLECTABLE, user, target })) {
+    // Reflected moves cannot be reflected again
+    if (!isReflected(this.useMode) && move.doesFlagEffectApply({ flag: MoveFlags.REFLECTABLE, user, target })) {
       return [HitCheckResult.REFLECTED, 0];
     }
 
@@ -580,7 +591,7 @@ export class MoveEffectPhase extends PokemonPhase {
     // Strikes after the first in a multi-strike move are guaranteed to hit,
     // unless the move is flagged to check all hits and the user does not have Skill Link.
     if (user.turnData.hitsLeft < user.turnData.hitCount) {
-      if (!move.hasFlag(MoveFlags.CHECK_ALL_HITS) || user.hasAbilityWithAttr(MaxMultiHitAbAttr)) {
+      if (!move.hasFlag(MoveFlags.CHECK_ALL_HITS) || user.hasAbilityWithAttr("MaxMultiHitAbAttr")) {
         return [HitCheckResult.HIT, effectiveness];
       }
     }
@@ -626,7 +637,7 @@ export class MoveEffectPhase extends PokemonPhase {
     if (!user) {
       return false;
     }
-    if (user.hasAbilityWithAttr(AlwaysHitAbAttr) || target.hasAbilityWithAttr(AlwaysHitAbAttr)) {
+    if (user.hasAbilityWithAttr("AlwaysHitAbAttr") || target.hasAbilityWithAttr("AlwaysHitAbAttr")) {
       return true;
     }
     if (this.move.hasAttr("ToxicAccuracyAttr") && user.isOfType(PokemonType.POISON)) {
@@ -665,12 +676,17 @@ export class MoveEffectPhase extends PokemonPhase {
     return (this.player ? globalScene.getPlayerField() : globalScene.getEnemyField())[this.fieldIndex];
   }
 
-  /** @returns An array of all {@linkcode Pokemon} targeted by this phase's invoked move */
+  /**
+   * @returns An array of {@linkcode Pokemon} that are:
+   * - On-field and active
+   * - Non-fainted
+   * - Targeted by this phase's invoked move
+   */
   public getTargets(): Pokemon[] {
     return globalScene.getField(true).filter(p => this.targets.indexOf(p.getBattlerIndex()) > -1);
   }
 
-  /** @returns The first target of this phase's invoked move */
+  /** @returns The first active, non-fainted target of this phase's invoked move. */
   public getFirstTarget(): Pokemon | undefined {
     return this.getTargets()[0];
   }
@@ -710,9 +726,12 @@ export class MoveEffectPhase extends PokemonPhase {
     }
   }
 
-  /** @returns A new `MoveEffectPhase` with the same properties as this phase */
-  protected getNewHitPhase(): MoveEffectPhase {
-    return new MoveEffectPhase(this.battlerIndex, this.targets, this.move, this.reflected, this.virtual);
+  /**
+   * Unshifts a new `MoveEffectPhase` with the same properties as this phase.
+   * Used to queue the next hit of multi-strike moves.
+   */
+  protected addNextHitPhase(): void {
+    globalScene.phaseManager.unshiftNew("MoveEffectPhase", this.battlerIndex, this.targets, this.move, this.useMode);
   }
 
   /** Removes all substitutes that were broken by this phase's invoked move */
@@ -734,7 +753,6 @@ export class MoveEffectPhase extends PokemonPhase {
    * @param firstTarget Whether the target is the first to be hit by the current strike
    * @param selfTarget If defined, limits the effects triggered to either self-targeted
    *  effects (if set to `true`) or targeted effects (if set to `false`).
-   * @returns a `Promise` applying the relevant move effects.
    */
   protected triggerMoveEffects(
     triggerType: MoveEffectTrigger,
@@ -780,6 +798,7 @@ export class MoveEffectPhase extends PokemonPhase {
 
     const hitResult = this.applyMove(user, target, effectiveness);
 
+    // Apply effects to the user (always) and the target (if not blocked by substitute).
     this.triggerMoveEffects(MoveEffectTrigger.POST_APPLY, user, target, firstTarget, true);
     if (!this.move.hitsSubstitute(user, target)) {
       this.applyOnTargetEffects(user, target, hitResult, firstTarget);
@@ -789,7 +808,7 @@ export class MoveEffectPhase extends PokemonPhase {
 
       // Multi-hit check for Wimp Out/Emergency Exit
       if (user.turnData.hitCount > 1) {
-        applyPostDamageAbAttrs(PostDamageAbAttr, target, 0, target.hasPassive(), false, [], user);
+        applyPostDamageAbAttrs("PostDamageAbAttr", target, 0, target.hasPassive(), false, [], user);
       }
     }
   }
@@ -983,7 +1002,7 @@ export class MoveEffectPhase extends PokemonPhase {
     this.triggerMoveEffects(MoveEffectTrigger.POST_APPLY, user, target, firstTarget, false);
     this.applyHeldItemFlinchCheck(user, target, dealsDamage);
     this.applyOnGetHitAbEffects(user, target, hitResult);
-    applyPostAttackAbAttrs(PostAttackAbAttr, user, target, this.move, hitResult);
+    applyPostAttackAbAttrs("PostAttackAbAttr", user, target, this.move, hitResult);
 
     // We assume only enemy Pokemon are able to have the EnemyAttackStatusEffectChanceModifier from tokens
     if (!user.isPlayer() && this.move.is("AttackMove")) {

src/phases/move-end-phase.ts

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
 import { BattlerTagLapseType } from "#enums/battler-tag-lapse-type";
 import { PokemonPhase } from "./pokemon-phase";
 import type { BattlerIndex } from "#enums/battler-index";
-import { applyPostSummonAbAttrs, PostSummonRemoveEffectAbAttr } from "#app/data/abilities/ability";
+import { applyPostSummonAbAttrs } from "#app/data/abilities/apply-ab-attrs";
 import type Pokemon from "#app/field/pokemon";
 
 export class MoveEndPhase extends PokemonPhase {
@@ -25,12 +25,12 @@ export class MoveEndPhase extends PokemonPhase {
     if (!this.wasFollowUp && pokemon?.isActive(true)) {
       pokemon.lapseTags(BattlerTagLapseType.AFTER_MOVE);
     }
-    globalScene.arena.setIgnoreAbilities(false);
 
     // Remove effects which were set on a Pokemon which removes them on summon (i.e. via Mold Breaker)
+    globalScene.arena.setIgnoreAbilities(false);
     for (const target of this.targets) {
       if (target) {
-        applyPostSummonAbAttrs(PostSummonRemoveEffectAbAttr, target);
+        applyPostSummonAbAttrs("PostSummonRemoveEffectAbAttr", target);
       }
     }
 

src/phases/move-phase.ts

@@ -1,21 +1,10 @@
 import { BattlerIndex } from "#enums/battler-index";
 import { globalScene } from "#app/global-scene";
-import {
-  applyAbAttrs,
-  applyPostMoveUsedAbAttrs,
-  applyPreAttackAbAttrs,
-  BlockRedirectAbAttr,
-  IncreasePpAbAttr,
-  PokemonTypeChangeAbAttr,
-  PostMoveUsedAbAttr,
-  RedirectMoveAbAttr,
-  ReduceStatusEffectDurationAbAttr,
-} from "#app/data/abilities/ability";
+import { applyAbAttrs, applyPostMoveUsedAbAttrs, applyPreAttackAbAttrs } from "#app/data/abilities/apply-ab-attrs";
 import type { DelayedAttackTag } from "#app/data/arena-tag";
 import { CommonAnim } from "#enums/move-anims-common";
 import { CenterOfAttentionTag } from "#app/data/battler-tags";
 import { BattlerTagLapseType } from "#enums/battler-tag-lapse-type";
-import type { HealStatusEffectAttr } from "#app/data/moves/move";
 import { applyMoveAttrs } from "#app/data/moves/apply-attrs";
 import { allMoves } from "#app/data/data-lists";
 import { MoveFlags } from "#enums/MoveFlags";
@@ -30,13 +19,14 @@ import { MoveResult } from "#enums/move-result";
 import { getPokemonNameWithAffix } from "#app/messages";
 import Overrides from "#app/overrides";
 import { BattlePhase } from "#app/phases/battle-phase";
-import { NumberHolder } from "#app/utils/common";
+import { enumValueToKey, NumberHolder } from "#app/utils/common";
 import { AbilityId } from "#enums/ability-id";
 import { ArenaTagType } from "#enums/arena-tag-type";
 import { BattlerTagType } from "#enums/battler-tag-type";
 import { MoveId } from "#enums/move-id";
 import { StatusEffect } from "#enums/status-effect";
 import i18next from "i18next";
+import { isVirtual, isIgnorePP, isReflected, MoveUseMode, isIgnoreStatus } from "#enums/move-use-mode";
 import { frenzyMissFunc } from "#app/data/moves/move-utils";
 
 export class MovePhase extends BattlePhase {
@@ -44,17 +34,19 @@ export class MovePhase extends BattlePhase {
   protected _pokemon: Pokemon;
   protected _move: PokemonMove;
   protected _targets: BattlerIndex[];
-  protected followUp: boolean;
-  protected ignorePp: boolean;
+  public readonly useMode: MoveUseMode; // Made public for quash
   protected forcedLast: boolean;
+
+  /** Whether the current move should fail but still use PP */
   protected failed = false;
+  /** Whether the current move should cancel and retain PP */
   protected cancelled = false;
-  protected reflected = false;
 
   public get pokemon(): Pokemon {
     return this._pokemon;
   }
 
+  // TODO: Do we need public getters but only protected setters?
   protected set pokemon(pokemon: Pokemon) {
     this._pokemon = pokemon;
   }
@@ -76,51 +68,42 @@ export class MovePhase extends BattlePhase {
   }
 
   /**
-   * @param followUp Indicates that the move being used is a "follow-up" - for example, a move being used by Metronome or Dancer.
-   *                 Follow-ups bypass a few failure conditions, including flinches, sleep/paralysis/freeze and volatile status checks, etc.
-   * @param reflected Indicates that the move was reflected by Magic Coat or Magic Bounce.
-   *                  Reflected moves cannot be reflected again and will not trigger Dancer.
+   * Create a new MovePhase for using moves.
+   * @param pokemon - The {@linkcode Pokemon} using the move
+   * @param move - The {@linkcode PokemonMove} to use
+   * @param useMode - The {@linkcode MoveUseMode} corresponding to this move's means of execution (usually `MoveUseMode.NORMAL`).
+   * Not marked optional to ensure callers correctly pass on `useModes`.
+   * @param forcedLast - Whether to force this phase to occur last in order (for {@linkcode MoveId.QUASH}); default `false`
    */
-
-  constructor(
-    pokemon: Pokemon,
-    targets: BattlerIndex[],
-    move: PokemonMove,
-    followUp = false,
-    ignorePp = false,
-    reflected = false,
-    forcedLast = false,
-  ) {
+  constructor(pokemon: Pokemon, targets: BattlerIndex[], move: PokemonMove, useMode: MoveUseMode, forcedLast = false) {
     super();
 
     this.pokemon = pokemon;
     this.targets = targets;
     this.move = move;
-    this.followUp = followUp;
-    this.ignorePp = ignorePp;
-    this.reflected = reflected;
+    this.useMode = useMode;
     this.forcedLast = forcedLast;
   }
 
   /**
-   * Checks if the pokemon is active, if the move is usable, and that the move is targetting something.
+   * Checks if the pokemon is active, if the move is usable, and that the move is targeting something.
    * @param ignoreDisableTags `true` to not check if the move is disabled
    * @returns `true` if all the checks pass
    */
   public canMove(ignoreDisableTags = false): boolean {
     return (
       this.pokemon.isActive(true) &&
-      this.move.isUsable(this.pokemon, this.ignorePp, ignoreDisableTags) &&
-      !!this.targets.length
+      this.move.isUsable(this.pokemon, isIgnorePP(this.useMode), ignoreDisableTags) &&
+      this.targets.length > 0
     );
   }
 
-  /**Signifies the current move should fail but still use PP */
+  /** Signifies the current move should fail but still use PP */
   public fail(): void {
     this.failed = true;
   }
 
-  /**Signifies the current move should cancel and retain PP */
+  /** Signifies the current move should cancel and retain PP */
   public cancel(): void {
     this.cancelled = true;
   }
@@ -128,7 +111,7 @@ export class MovePhase extends BattlePhase {
   /**
    * Shows whether the current move has been forced to the end of the turn
    * Needed for speed order, see {@linkcode MoveId.QUASH}
-   * */
+   */
   public isForcedLast(): boolean {
     return this.forcedLast;
   }
@@ -136,35 +119,37 @@ export class MovePhase extends BattlePhase {
   public start(): void {
     super.start();
 
-    console.log(MoveId[this.move.moveId]);
+    console.log(MoveId[this.move.moveId], enumValueToKey(MoveUseMode, this.useMode));
 
-    // Check if move is unusable (e.g. because it's out of PP due to a mid-turn Spite).
+    // Check if move is unusable (e.g. running out of PP due to a mid-turn Spite
+    // or the user no longer being on field), ending the phase early if not.
     if (!this.canMove(true)) {
       if (this.pokemon.isActive(true)) {
         this.fail();
         this.showMoveText();
         this.showFailedText();
       }
-      return this.end();
+      this.end();
+      return;
     }
 
     this.pokemon.turnData.acted = true;
 
     // Reset hit-related turn data when starting follow-up moves (e.g. Metronomed moves, Dancer repeats)
-    if (this.followUp) {
+    if (isVirtual(this.useMode)) {
       this.pokemon.turnData.hitsLeft = -1;
       this.pokemon.turnData.hitCount = 0;
     }
 
     // Check move to see if arena.ignoreAbilities should be true.
-    if (!this.followUp || this.reflected) {
-      if (
-        this.move
-          .getMove()
-          .doesFlagEffectApply({ flag: MoveFlags.IGNORE_ABILITIES, user: this.pokemon, isFollowUp: this.followUp })
-      ) {
-        globalScene.arena.setIgnoreAbilities(true, this.pokemon.getBattlerIndex());
-      }
+    if (
+      this.move.getMove().doesFlagEffectApply({
+        flag: MoveFlags.IGNORE_ABILITIES,
+        user: this.pokemon,
+        isFollowUp: isVirtual(this.useMode), // Sunsteel strike and co. don't work when called indirectly
+      })
+    ) {
+      globalScene.arena.setIgnoreAbilities(true, this.pokemon.getBattlerIndex());
     }
 
     this.resolveRedirectTarget();
@@ -197,7 +182,7 @@ export class MovePhase extends BattlePhase {
 
     if (
       (targets.length === 0 && !this.move.getMove().hasAttr("AddArenaTrapTagAttr")) ||
-      (moveQueue.length && moveQueue[0].move === MoveId.NONE)
+      (moveQueue.length > 0 && moveQueue[0].move === MoveId.NONE)
     ) {
       this.showMoveText();
       this.showFailedText();
@@ -210,83 +195,98 @@ export class MovePhase extends BattlePhase {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Handles {@link StatusEffect.SLEEP Sleep}/{@link StatusEffect.PARALYSIS Paralysis}/{@link StatusEffect.FREEZE Freeze} rolls and side effects.
+   * Handles {@link StatusEffect.SLEEP | Sleep}/{@link StatusEffect.PARALYSIS | Paralysis}/{@link StatusEffect.FREEZE | Freeze} rolls and side effects.
    */
   protected resolvePreMoveStatusEffects(): void {
-    if (!this.followUp && this.pokemon.status && !this.pokemon.status.isPostTurn()) {
-      this.pokemon.status.incrementTurn();
-      let activated = false;
-      let healed = false;
+    // Skip for follow ups/reflected moves, no status condition or post turn statuses (e.g. Poison/Toxic)
+    if (!this.pokemon.status?.effect || this.pokemon.status.isPostTurn() || isIgnoreStatus(this.useMode)) {
+      return;
+    }
 
-      switch (this.pokemon.status.effect) {
-        case StatusEffect.PARALYSIS:
-          activated =
-            (!this.pokemon.randBattleSeedInt(4) || Overrides.STATUS_ACTIVATION_OVERRIDE === true) &&
-            Overrides.STATUS_ACTIVATION_OVERRIDE !== false;
-          break;
-        case StatusEffect.SLEEP: {
-          applyMoveAttrs("BypassSleepAttr", this.pokemon, null, this.move.getMove());
-          const turnsRemaining = new NumberHolder(this.pokemon.status.sleepTurnsRemaining ?? 0);
-          applyAbAttrs(
-            ReduceStatusEffectDurationAbAttr,
-            this.pokemon,
-            null,
-            false,
-            this.pokemon.status.effect,
-            turnsRemaining,
-          );
-          this.pokemon.status.sleepTurnsRemaining = turnsRemaining.value;
-          healed = this.pokemon.status.sleepTurnsRemaining <= 0;
-          activated = !healed && !this.pokemon.getTag(BattlerTagType.BYPASS_SLEEP);
-          break;
-        }
-        case StatusEffect.FREEZE:
-          healed =
-            !!this.move
-              .getMove()
-              .findAttr(
-                attr =>
-                  attr.is("HealStatusEffectAttr") &&
-                  attr.selfTarget &&
-                  (attr as unknown as HealStatusEffectAttr).isOfEffect(StatusEffect.FREEZE),
-              ) ||
-            (!this.pokemon.randBattleSeedInt(5) && Overrides.STATUS_ACTIVATION_OVERRIDE !== true) ||
-            Overrides.STATUS_ACTIVATION_OVERRIDE === false;
+    if (
+      this.useMode === MoveUseMode.INDIRECT &&
+      [StatusEffect.SLEEP, StatusEffect.FREEZE].includes(this.pokemon.status.effect)
+    ) {
+      // Dancer thaws out or wakes up a frozen/sleeping user prior to use
+      this.pokemon.resetStatus(false);
+      return;
+    }
 
-          activated = !healed;
-          break;
+    this.pokemon.status.incrementTurn();
+
+    /** Whether to prevent us from using the move */
+    let activated = false;
+    /** Whether to cure the status */
+    let healed = false;
+
+    switch (this.pokemon.status.effect) {
+      case StatusEffect.PARALYSIS:
+        activated =
+          (this.pokemon.randBattleSeedInt(4) === 0 || Overrides.STATUS_ACTIVATION_OVERRIDE === true) &&
+          Overrides.STATUS_ACTIVATION_OVERRIDE !== false;
+        break;
+      case StatusEffect.SLEEP: {
+        applyMoveAttrs("BypassSleepAttr", this.pokemon, null, this.move.getMove());
+        const turnsRemaining = new NumberHolder(this.pokemon.status.sleepTurnsRemaining ?? 0);
+        applyAbAttrs(
+          "ReduceStatusEffectDurationAbAttr",
+          this.pokemon,
+          null,
+          false,
+          this.pokemon.status.effect,
+          turnsRemaining,
+        );
+        this.pokemon.status.sleepTurnsRemaining = turnsRemaining.value;
+        healed = this.pokemon.status.sleepTurnsRemaining <= 0;
+        activated = !healed && !this.pokemon.getTag(BattlerTagType.BYPASS_SLEEP);
+        break;
       }
+      case StatusEffect.FREEZE:
+        healed =
+          !!this.move
+            .getMove()
+            .findAttr(
+              attr => attr.is("HealStatusEffectAttr") && attr.selfTarget && attr.isOfEffect(StatusEffect.FREEZE),
+            ) ||
+          (!this.pokemon.randBattleSeedInt(5) && Overrides.STATUS_ACTIVATION_OVERRIDE !== true) ||
+          Overrides.STATUS_ACTIVATION_OVERRIDE === false;
 
-      if (activated) {
-        this.cancel();
-        globalScene.phaseManager.queueMessage(
-          getStatusEffectActivationText(this.pokemon.status.effect, getPokemonNameWithAffix(this.pokemon)),
-        );
-        globalScene.phaseManager.unshiftNew(
-          "CommonAnimPhase",
-          this.pokemon.getBattlerIndex(),
-          undefined,
-          CommonAnim.POISON + (this.pokemon.status.effect - 1),
-        );
-      } else if (healed) {
-        globalScene.phaseManager.queueMessage(
-          getStatusEffectHealText(this.pokemon.status.effect, getPokemonNameWithAffix(this.pokemon)),
-        );
-        this.pokemon.resetStatus();
-        this.pokemon.updateInfo();
-      }
+        activated = !healed;
+        break;
+    }
+
+    if (activated) {
+      // Cancel move activation and play effect
+      this.cancel();
+      globalScene.phaseManager.queueMessage(
+        getStatusEffectActivationText(this.pokemon.status.effect, getPokemonNameWithAffix(this.pokemon)),
+      );
+      globalScene.phaseManager.unshiftNew(
+        "CommonAnimPhase",
+        this.pokemon.getBattlerIndex(),
+        undefined,
+        CommonAnim.POISON + (this.pokemon.status.effect - 1), // offset anim # by effect #
+      );
+    } else if (healed) {
+      // cure status and play effect
+      globalScene.phaseManager.queueMessage(
+        getStatusEffectHealText(this.pokemon.status.effect, getPokemonNameWithAffix(this.pokemon)),
+      );
+      this.pokemon.resetStatus();
+      this.pokemon.updateInfo();
     }
   }
 
   /**
-   * Lapse {@linkcode BattlerTagLapseType.PRE_MOVE PRE_MOVE} tags that trigger before a move is used, regardless of whether or not it failed.
-   * Also lapse {@linkcode BattlerTagLapseType.MOVE MOVE} tags if the move should be successful.
+   * Lapse {@linkcode BattlerTagLapseType.PRE_MOVE | PRE_MOVE} tags that trigger before a move is used, regardless of whether or not it failed.
+   * Also lapse {@linkcode BattlerTagLapseType.MOVE | MOVE} tags if the move is successful and not called indirectly.
    */
   protected lapsePreMoveAndMoveTags(): void {
     this.pokemon.lapseTags(BattlerTagLapseType.PRE_MOVE);
 
     // TODO: does this intentionally happen before the no targets/MoveId.NONE on queue cancellation case is checked?
-    if (!this.followUp && this.canMove() && !this.cancelled) {
+    // (In other words, check if truant can proc on a move w/o targets)
+    if (!isIgnoreStatus(this.useMode) && this.canMove() && !this.cancelled) {
       this.pokemon.lapseTags(BattlerTagLapseType.MOVE);
     }
   }
@@ -294,11 +294,12 @@ export class MovePhase extends BattlePhase {
   protected useMove(): void {
     const targets = this.getActiveTargetPokemon();
     const moveQueue = this.pokemon.getMoveQueue();
+    const move = this.move.getMove();
 
     // form changes happen even before we know that the move wll execute.
     globalScene.triggerPokemonFormChange(this.pokemon, SpeciesFormChangePreMoveTrigger);
 
-    const isDelayedAttack = this.move.getMove().hasAttr("DelayedAttackAttr");
+    const isDelayedAttack = move.hasAttr("DelayedAttackAttr");
     if (isDelayedAttack) {
       // Check the player side arena if future sight is active
       const futureSightTags = globalScene.arena.findTags(t => t.tagType === ArenaTagType.FUTURE_SIGHT);
@@ -320,7 +321,8 @@ export class MovePhase extends BattlePhase {
       if (fail) {
         this.showMoveText();
         this.showFailedText();
-        return this.end();
+        this.end();
+        return;
       }
     }
 
@@ -337,21 +339,21 @@ export class MovePhase extends BattlePhase {
       this.showMoveText();
     }
 
-    if (moveQueue.length > 0) {
-      // Using .shift here clears out two turn moves once they've been used
-      this.ignorePp = moveQueue.shift()?.ignorePP ?? false;
-    }
-
+    // Clear out any two turn moves once they've been used.
+    // TODO: Refactor move queues and remove this assignment;
+    // Move queues should be handled by the calling `CommandPhase` or a manager for it
+    // @ts-expect-error - useMode is readonly and shouldn't normally be assigned to
+    this.useMode = moveQueue.shift()?.useMode ?? this.useMode;
     if (this.pokemon.getTag(BattlerTagType.CHARGING)?.sourceMove === this.move.moveId) {
       this.pokemon.lapseTag(BattlerTagType.CHARGING);
     }
 
-    // "commit" to using the move, deducting PP.
-    if (!this.ignorePp) {
+    if (!isIgnorePP(this.useMode)) {
+      // "commit" to using the move, deducting PP.
       const ppUsed = 1 + this.getPpIncreaseFromPressure(targets);
 
       this.move.usePp(ppUsed);
-      globalScene.eventTarget.dispatchEvent(new MoveUsedEvent(this.pokemon?.id, this.move.getMove(), this.move.ppUsed));
+      globalScene.eventTarget.dispatchEvent(new MoveUsedEvent(this.pokemon?.id, move, this.move.ppUsed));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -365,8 +367,6 @@ export class MovePhase extends BattlePhase {
      * TODO: These steps are straightforward, but the implementation below is extremely convoluted.
      */
 
-    const move = this.move.getMove();
-
     /**
      * Move conditions assume the move has a single target
      * TODO: is this sustainable?
@@ -396,25 +396,24 @@ export class MovePhase extends BattlePhase {
      */
     if (success) {
       const move = this.move.getMove();
-      applyPreAttackAbAttrs(PokemonTypeChangeAbAttr, this.pokemon, null, move);
+      applyPreAttackAbAttrs("PokemonTypeChangeAbAttr", this.pokemon, null, move);
       globalScene.phaseManager.unshiftNew(
         "MoveEffectPhase",
         this.pokemon.getBattlerIndex(),
         this.targets,
         move,
-        this.reflected,
-        this.move.virtual,
+        this.useMode,
       );
     } else {
       if ([MoveId.ROAR, MoveId.WHIRLWIND, MoveId.TRICK_OR_TREAT, MoveId.FORESTS_CURSE].includes(this.move.moveId)) {
-        applyPreAttackAbAttrs(PokemonTypeChangeAbAttr, this.pokemon, null, this.move.getMove());
+        applyPreAttackAbAttrs("PokemonTypeChangeAbAttr", this.pokemon, null, this.move.getMove());
       }
 
       this.pokemon.pushMoveHistory({
         move: this.move.moveId,
         targets: this.targets,
         result: MoveResult.FAIL,
-        virtual: this.move.virtual,
+        useMode: this.useMode,
       });
 
       const failureMessage = move.getFailedText(this.pokemon, targets[0], move);
@@ -434,10 +433,12 @@ export class MovePhase extends BattlePhase {
     }
 
     // Handle Dancer, which triggers immediately after a move is used (rather than waiting on `this.end()`).
-    // Note that the `!this.followUp` check here prevents an infinite Dancer loop.
-    if (this.move.getMove().hasFlag(MoveFlags.DANCE_MOVE) && !this.followUp) {
+    // Note the MoveUseMode check here prevents an infinite Dancer loop.
+    const dancerModes: MoveUseMode[] = [MoveUseMode.INDIRECT, MoveUseMode.REFLECTED] as const;
+    if (this.move.getMove().hasFlag(MoveFlags.DANCE_MOVE) && !dancerModes.includes(this.useMode)) {
+      // TODO: Fix in dancer PR to move to MEP for hit checks
       globalScene.getField(true).forEach(pokemon => {
-        applyPostMoveUsedAbAttrs(PostMoveUsedAbAttr, pokemon, this.move, this.pokemon, this.targets);
+        applyPostMoveUsedAbAttrs("PostMoveUsedAbAttr", pokemon, this.move, this.pokemon, this.targets);
       });
     }
   }
@@ -447,23 +448,16 @@ export class MovePhase extends BattlePhase {
     const move = this.move.getMove();
     const targets = this.getActiveTargetPokemon();
 
-    if (move.applyConditions(this.pokemon, targets[0], move)) {
-      // Protean and Libero apply on the charging turn of charge moves
-      applyPreAttackAbAttrs(PokemonTypeChangeAbAttr, this.pokemon, null, this.move.getMove());
+    this.showMoveText();
 
-      this.showMoveText();
-      globalScene.phaseManager.unshiftNew(
-        "MoveChargePhase",
-        this.pokemon.getBattlerIndex(),
-        this.targets[0],
-        this.move,
-      );
-    } else {
+    // Conditions currently assume single target
+    // TODO: Is this sustainable?
+    if (!move.applyConditions(this.pokemon, targets[0], move)) {
       this.pokemon.pushMoveHistory({
         move: this.move.moveId,
         targets: this.targets,
         result: MoveResult.FAIL,
-        virtual: this.move.virtual,
+        useMode: this.useMode,
       });
 
       const failureMessage = move.getFailedText(this.pokemon, targets[0], move);
@@ -472,7 +466,19 @@ export class MovePhase extends BattlePhase {
 
       // Remove the user from its semi-invulnerable state (if applicable)
       this.pokemon.lapseTags(BattlerTagLapseType.MOVE_EFFECT);
+      return;
     }
+
+    // Protean and Libero apply on the charging turn of charge moves
+    applyPreAttackAbAttrs("PokemonTypeChangeAbAttr", this.pokemon, null, this.move.getMove());
+
+    globalScene.phaseManager.unshiftNew(
+      "MoveChargePhase",
+      this.pokemon.getBattlerIndex(),
+      this.targets[0],
+      this.move,
+      this.useMode,
+    );
   }
 
   /**
@@ -483,7 +489,7 @@ export class MovePhase extends BattlePhase {
       "MoveEndPhase",
       this.pokemon.getBattlerIndex(),
       this.getActiveTargetPokemon(),
-      this.followUp,
+      isVirtual(this.useMode),
     );
 
     super.end();
@@ -498,7 +504,7 @@ export class MovePhase extends BattlePhase {
   public getPpIncreaseFromPressure(targets: Pokemon[]): number {
     const foesWithPressure = this.pokemon
       .getOpponents()
-      .filter(o => targets.includes(o) && o.isActive(true) && o.hasAbilityWithAttr(IncreasePpAbAttr));
+      .filter(o => targets.includes(o) && o.isActive(true) && o.hasAbilityWithAttr("IncreasePpAbAttr"));
     return foesWithPressure.length;
   }
 
@@ -516,7 +522,9 @@ export class MovePhase extends BattlePhase {
       globalScene
         .getField(true)
         .filter(p => p !== this.pokemon)
-        .forEach(p => applyAbAttrs(RedirectMoveAbAttr, p, null, false, this.move.moveId, redirectTarget, this.pokemon));
+        .forEach(p =>
+          applyAbAttrs("RedirectMoveAbAttr", p, null, false, this.move.moveId, redirectTarget, this.pokemon),
+        );
 
       /** `true` if an Ability is responsible for redirecting the move to another target; `false` otherwise */
       let redirectedByAbility = currentTarget !== redirectTarget.value;
@@ -545,17 +553,17 @@ export class MovePhase extends BattlePhase {
           }
         });
 
-        if (this.pokemon.hasAbilityWithAttr(BlockRedirectAbAttr)) {
+        if (this.pokemon.hasAbilityWithAttr("BlockRedirectAbAttr")) {
           redirectTarget.value = currentTarget;
           // TODO: Ability displays should be handled by the ability
           globalScene.phaseManager.queueAbilityDisplay(
             this.pokemon,
-            this.pokemon.getPassiveAbility().hasAttr(BlockRedirectAbAttr),
+            this.pokemon.getPassiveAbility().hasAttr("BlockRedirectAbAttr"),
             true,
           );
           globalScene.phaseManager.queueAbilityDisplay(
             this.pokemon,
-            this.pokemon.getPassiveAbility().hasAttr(BlockRedirectAbAttr),
+            this.pokemon.getPassiveAbility().hasAttr("BlockRedirectAbAttr"),
             false,
           );
         }
@@ -613,7 +621,7 @@ export class MovePhase extends BattlePhase {
   protected handlePreMoveFailures(): void {
     if (this.cancelled || this.failed) {
       if (this.failed) {
-        const ppUsed = this.ignorePp ? 0 : 1;
+        const ppUsed = isIgnorePP(this.useMode) ? 0 : 1;
 
         if (ppUsed) {
           this.move.usePp();
@@ -630,6 +638,7 @@ export class MovePhase extends BattlePhase {
         move: MoveId.NONE,
         result: MoveResult.FAIL,
         targets: this.targets,
+        useMode: this.useMode,
       });
 
       this.pokemon.lapseTags(BattlerTagLapseType.MOVE_EFFECT);
@@ -653,7 +662,7 @@ export class MovePhase extends BattlePhase {
     }
 
     globalScene.phaseManager.queueMessage(
-      i18next.t(this.reflected ? "battle:magicCoatActivated" : "battle:useMove", {
+      i18next.t(isReflected(this.useMode) ? "battle:magicCoatActivated" : "battle:useMove", {
         pokemonNameWithAffix: getPokemonNameWithAffix(this.pokemon),
         moveName: this.move.getName(),
       }),